1. Guo Y, Tong L, Li S, Liu Z. External Fixation combined with Limited Internal Fixation versus Open Reduction Internal Fixation for Treating Ruedi-Allgower Type III Pilon Fractures. Med Sci Monit. 2015 Jun;21:1662-67. https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.893289. [ DOI] [ PubMed] 2. Sommer C, Nork SE, Graves M, Blauth M, Rudin M, Stoffel K. Quality of fracture reduction assessed by radiological parameters and its influence on functional results in patients with pilon fractures-A prospective multicentre study. Injury. 2017 Dec;48(12):2853-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2017.10.031. [ DOI] [ PubMed] 3. Badavath RR, Akkala P, Aluka SKR, Patnala C. Evaluation of Functional Outcome in Surgically Managed Tibial Pilon Fractures. Cureus. 2024 Jun;16(6):e63242. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.63242. [ DOI] [ PubMed] 4. Penny P, Swords M, Heisler J, Cien A, Sands A, Cole P. Ability of modern distal tibia plates to stabilize comminuted pilon fracture fragments: Is dual plate fixation necessary? Injury. 2016 Aug;47(8):1761-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2016.05.026. [ DOI] [ PubMed] 5. Silluzio N, De Santis V, Marzetti E, Piccioli A, Rosa MA, Maccauro G. Clinical and radiographic outcomes in patients operated for complex open tibial pilon fractures. Injury. 2019 Jul;50(2):S24-S28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2019.01.041. [ DOI] [ PubMed] 6. Li Y, Jiang X, Guo Q, Zhu L, Ye T, Chen A. Treatment of distal tibial shaft fractures by three different surgical methods: a randomized, prospective study. Int Orthop. 2014 Jun;38(6):1261-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-014-2294-1. [ DOI] [ PubMed] 7. Biz C, Angelini A, Zamperetti M, Marzotto F, Sperotto SP, Carniel D, et al. Medium-Long-Term Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes after Surgical Treatment of Intra-Articular Tibial Pilon Fractures by Three Different Techniques. Biomed Res Int. 2018 Mar;2018:6054021. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6054021. [ DOI] [ PubMed] 8. Cinats DJ, Stone T, Viskontas D, Apostle K. Osteonecrosis of the distal tibia after pilon fractures. Foot Ankle Surg. 2020 Dec;26(8):895-901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fas.2019.11.007. [ DOI] [ PubMed] 9. Minator Sajjadi M, Ebrahimpour A, Okhovatpour MA, Karimi A, Zandi R, Sharifzadeh A. The Outcomes of Pilon Fracture Treatment: Primary Open Reduction and Internal Fixation Versus Two-stage Approach. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2018 Sep;6(5):412-19. [ PubMed] 10. Hill DS, Davis JR. The acute management of Pilon fractures (ENFORCE) study: a national evaluation of practice. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2025 Apr;107(4):268-74. https://doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2024.0063. [ DOI] [ PubMed] 11. Duckworth AD, Jefferies JG, Clement ND, White TO. Type C tibial pilon fractures: short- and long-term outcome following operative intervention. Bone Joint J. 2016 Aug;98-B(8):1106-11. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.98b8.36400. [ DOI] [ PubMed] 12. Galante VN, Vicenti G, Corina G, Mori C, Abate A, Picca G, et al. Hybrid external fixation in the treatment of tibial pilon fractures: A retrospective analysis of 162 fractures. Injury. 2016 Oct;47(4):S131-S137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2016.07.045. [ DOI] [ PubMed] 13. Scaglione M, Celli F, Casella F, Fabbri L. Tibial pilon fractures treated with hybrid external fixator: analysis of 75 cases. Musculoskelet Surg. 2019 Apr;103(1):83-89. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12306-018-0550-z. [ DOI] [ PubMed] 14. Saad BN, Yingling JM, Liporace FA, Yoon RS. Pilon Fractures: Challenges and Solutions. Orthop Res Rev. 2019 Sep;11:149-57. https://doi.org/10.2147/orr.s170956. [ DOI] [ PubMed] 15. Sayyed-Hosseinian SH, Hassankhani GG, Bagheri F, Alavi N, Shojaie B, Mousavian A. Validation of the Persian Version of the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Score (AOFAS) Questionnaire. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2018 May;6(3):233-39. [ PubMed] 16. Kohn MD, Sassoon AA, Fernando ND. Classifications in Brief: Kellgren-Lawrence Classification of Osteoarthritis. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2016 Aug;474(8):1886-93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-016-4732-4. [ DOI] [ PubMed] 17. Kim JW, Kim HU, Oh CW, Kim JW, Park KC. A Prospective Randomized Study on Operative Treatment for Simple Distal Tibial Fractures-Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis Versus Minimal Open Reduction and Internal Fixation. J Orthop Trauma. 2018 Jan;32(1):e19-e24. https://doi.org/10.1097/bot.0000000000001007. [ DOI] [ PubMed] 18. Rubio-Suarez JC, Carbonell-Escobar R, Rodriguez-Merchan EC, Ibarzabal-Gil A, Gil-Garay E. Fractures of the tibial pilon treated by open reduction and internal fixation (locking compression plate-less invasive stabilising system): Complications and sequelae. Injury. 2018 Sep;49(2):S60-S64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2018.06.043. [ DOI] [ PubMed] 19. Mohapatra A, Ray S, Chand DK. Observation of different modalities of treatment in closed pilon fractures in adults. International Journal of Orthopaedics Sciences. 2019;5(3):449-54. https://doi.org/10.22271/ortho.2019.v5.i3h.1571. [ Link] [ DOI] 20. Cui X, Chen H, Rui Y, Niu Y, Li H. Two-stage open reduction and internal fixation versus limited internal fixation combined with external fixation: a meta-analysis of postoperative complications in patients with severe Pilon fractures. J Int Med Res. 2018 Jul;46(7):2525-36. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060518776099. [ DOI] [ PubMed] |
