[Home ] [Archive]   [ فارسی ]  
:: Main :: About :: Current Issue :: Archive :: Search :: Submit :: Contact ::
Main Menu
Home::
Journal Information::
About the Journal
Aims and Scope
Content Coverage
Conflict of Interest
Publication Ethics
Editorial Board::
Executive Members::
Instruction to Authors::
Peer Review::
Articles Archive::
Current Issue
All Issues
Indexing Databases::
Contact Us::
Contact Us
Contact Form
Site Facilities::
Search contents
::
Search in website

Advanced Search
Receive site information
Enter your Email in the following box to receive the site news and information.
:: Volume 26, Issue 2 (Summer 2024) ::
J Gorgan Univ Med Sci 2024, 26(2): 1-11 Back to browse issues page
The Effects of Various Corrective Exercise and Supportive Tools in Individuals with Genu Valgum
Hamed Ebrahimpour1 , Amir Ali Jafarnezhadgero * 2, Ebrahim Piri3 , Ehsan Fakhri Mirzanag3
1- M.Sc in Exercise Physiology, Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
2- Associate Professor, Department of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. , amiralijafarnezhad@gmail.com
3- Ph.D Candidate in Sports Biomechanics, Department of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Abstract:   (1631 Views)

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of various corrective exercises and supportive tools in individuals with genu valgum. To ensure a comprehensive review, a search for original research, review articles, and clinical trials in both Persian and English was conducted using databases such as WOS, SID, ISC, Magiran, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The search covered publications during January 2008 to March 2023. A total of 76 relevant articles were selected based on strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, with 22 articles ultimately reviewed and analyzed regarding the effects of various corrective exercises and supportive tools on genu valgum. Findings from one study indicated that aerobic exercises had a significant impact on reducing body mass index (BMI) and the severity of genuvalgum. Other studies reported positive effects of resistance and corrective exercises on improving muscle electrical activity and knee stability. One study demonstrated that the use of orthotic insoles could significantly enhance knee joint support during stair descent. Six studies highlighted the positive effects of using orthoses, wedges, and braces in individuals with genu valgum. Conversely, one study pointed out the negative impact of these tools, citing the reduced limiting angle of the brace, increased applied forces, and, ultimately, greater injury risk. However, findings from three studies overwhelmingly supported the positive effects of using kinesiotape in individuals with genu valgum, providing optimism about the effectiveness of these interventions. In conclusion, our review underscores the promising potential of corrective exercises, particularly resistance exercises with TheraBand, and the combination of these with supportive tools such as insoles for arch support and kinesiotape. These interventions show significant promise in reducing the degree of knee valgus in individuals with genu valgum. This hopeful outlook can inspire healthcare professionals and individuals seeking evidence-based interventions for genu valgum, empowering them with the knowledge to make informed decisions about their care.
 
Keywords: Genu Valgum [MeSH], Exercise Therapy [MeSH], Kinesio Tape [MeSH], Orthotic Insoles [MeSH]
Article ID: Vol26-11
Full-Text [PDF 660 kb]   (3551 Downloads) |   |   Abstract (HTML)  (434 Views)  
Type of Study: Review Article | Subject: Rehabilitation
References
1. Nandanwar R, Uttamchandani S, Deshmukh M, Chitale N. Physiotherapy rehabilitation in patient with bow leg deformity. Journal of Medical Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences. 2021;10(4):3214-17. doi: 10.22270/jmpas.V10I4.1282. [Link] [DOI]
2. Jankowicz-Szymanska A, Mikolajczyk E. Genu Valgum and Flat Feet in Children With Healthy and Excessive Body Weight. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2016;28(2):200-206. doi: 10.1097/PEP.0000000000000246. [DOI] [PubMed]
3. White GR, Mencio GA. Genu Valgum in Children: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Alternatives. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 1995 Oct;3(5):275-83. doi: 10.5435/00124635-199509000-00003. [DOI] [PubMed]
4. VanderJagt DJ, Glew RH. Calcium Deficiency Rickets. In: Glew RH, Rosenthal M. Clinical Studies in Medical Biochemistry. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2006; p: 323.
5. Agaja SB. Factors affecting angular deformities of the knees in Nigerian children--Ilorin experience. West Afr J Med. 2001 Oct-Dec;20(4):246-50. [PubMed]
6. Bahr R, Krosshaug T. Understanding injury mechanisms: a key component of preventing injuries in sport. Br J Sports Med. 2005 Jun;39(6):324-29. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2005.018341. [DOI] [PubMed]
7. Jafarnezhadgero A, Zivari M. [Effect of fatigue protocol on lower limb muscle activities in individuals with genu varus during running with agility shoes]. Studies in Sport Medicine. 2020;12(28):55-70. doi: 10.22089/smj.2021.10190.1469. [Article in Persian] [Link] [DOI]
8. Van Gheluwe B, Kirby KA, Hagman F. Effects of simulated genu valgum and genu varum on ground reaction forces and subtalar joint function during gait. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2005 Nov-Dec;95(6):531-41. doi: 10.7547/0950531. [DOI] [PubMed]
9. Mozafaripour E, Rajabi R, Minoonejad H. Anatomical Alignment of Lower Extremity in Subjects With Genu Valgum and Genu Varum Deformities. Physical Treatments Journal. 2018;8(1):27-36. doi: 10.32598/ptj.8.1.27. [Link] [DOI]
10. Shahidi-Zandi Z, Amir-Seyfaddini M, Amiri-Khorasani M. [Evaluation of Lower Extremity Kinematic Characteristics during Single-Leg Landing from Different Heights in Patients with Knee Valgus Deformity]. The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2017;6(1):122-31. doi: 10.22037/jrm.2017.1100299. [Article in Persian] [Link] [DOI]
11. Tuten HR, Keeler KA, Gabos PG, Zionts LE, MacKenzie WG. Posttraumatic tibia valga in children. A long-term follow-up note. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1999 Jun;81(6):799-810. doi: 10.2106/00004623-199906000-00007. [DOI] [PubMed]
12. Bahadori S, Fatahi H, Ahmadpoor M. The Effect of TheraBand Training on the Q Angle and Distance of Ankle Medial Malleolus in Individuals With Genu Valgum Deformity. Physical Treatments Journal. 2020;10(3):117-26. [Link]
13. Patil AC, Kumar Raju SK, Kolhapure M. Two level osteotomies in bilateral genu valgum: A case report. Int J Orthop Sci. 2020;6(3):707-709. doi: 10.22271/ortho.2020.v6.i3k.2274. [Link] [DOI]
14. Kubo K, Kanehisa H, Kawakami Y, Fukunaga T. Elasticity of tendon structures of the lower limbs in sprinters. Acta Physiol Scand. 2000 Feb;168(2):327-35. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-201x.2000.00653.x. [DOI] [PubMed]
15. Tamm AL, Vaher I, Linkberg R, Tilk T, Kritt J, Alviste A, et al. Development of Garments with Elastic Straps and Pressure Applicator (GESPA) and "GVcorrect" App to Follow the Changes in Lower-Extremity Alignment (Genu Valgum)-A Pilot Study. Pediatr Rep. 2021 Aug;13(3):495-503. doi: 10.3390/pediatric13030057. [DOI] [PubMed]
16. Westhoff B, Jäger M, Krauspe R. Kindliche Beinachsen. [Axes of the legs in childhood. What is pathologic?]. Orthopade. 2007 May;36(5):485-98. doi: 10.1007/s00132-007-1088-1. [Article in German] [DOI] [PubMed]
17. Kaspiris A, Zaphiropoulou C, Vasiliadis E. Range of variation of genu valgum and association with anthropometric characteristics and physical activity: comparison between children aged 3-9 years. J Pediatr Orthop B. 2013 Jul;22(4):296-305. doi: 10.1097/BPB.0b013e328360f9a5. [DOI] [PubMed]
18. Ciaccia MCC, Pinto CN, Golfieri FDC, Machado TF, Lozano LL, Silva JMS, et al. Prevalence of genu valgum in public elementary schools in the city of Santos (SP), Brazil. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2017 Oct-Dec;35(4):443-47. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2017;35;4;00002. [DOI] [PubMed]
19. Oyewole OO, Akinpelu AO, Odole AC. Development of the tibiofemoral angle in a cohort of Nigerian children during the first 3 years of life. J Child Orthop. 2013 Mar;7(2):167-73. doi: 10.1007/s11832-012-0478-z. [DOI] [PubMed]
20. Heath CH, Staheli LT. Normal limits of knee angle in white children--genu varum and genu valgum. J Pediatr Orthop. 1993 Mar-Apr;13(2):259-62. [PubMed]
21. Ghorbanlou F, Jafarnezhadgero AA. [Effect of Corrective Exercise on Lower Limb Muscles’ Co-contraction in Males with Genu Valgum during Walking: A Clinical Trial Study]. J Gorgan Univ Med Sci. 2021;23(4):10-17. [Article in Persian] [Link]
22. Dashti P, Shabani M, Moazami M. [Comparison of the effects of two selected exercises of Theraband and Pilates on the balance and strength of lower limb in elderly women]. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2015;18(153):1-9. doi: 10.22038/ijogi.2015.4698. [Link] [DOI]
23. Vincent KR, Braith RW, Feldman RA, Magyari PM, Cutler RB, Persin SA, et al. Resistance exercise and physical performance in adults aged 60 to 83. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002 Jun;50(6):1100-107. doi: 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50267.x. [DOI] [PubMed]
24. Waryasz GR, McDermott AY. Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS): a systematic review of anatomy and potential risk factors. Dyn Med. 2008 Jun;7:9. doi: 10.1186/1476-5918-7-9. [DOI] [PubMed]
25. Vijayakumar K, Dineshkumar D. Effects of Therapeutic Weight Loss Exercises on Obese Indivduals with Genu Valgum Deformity. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development. 2020;11(9):184-89. [Link]
26. Gribble PA, Hertel J, Denegar CR, Buckley WE. The Effects of Fatigue and Chronic Ankle Instability on Dynamic Postural Control. J Athl Train. 2004 Dec;39(4):321-29. [PubMed]
27. Mazidi M, Alizadeh MH, Rajabi R. [The effects of one period of exercise therapy program on Q and popliteal angle in athlethes with Pattellofemoral pain syndrome]. Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences. 2011;7(2): 206-14. doi: 10.22122/jrrs.v7i2.217. [Article in Persian] [Link] [DOI]
28. Agrawal AS, Phansopkar P. Impact of Intensive Physiotherapy on an Adolescent with Severe Genu Valgum Deformities: A Case Report. Cureus. 2023 Jan;15(1):e33907. doi: 10.7759/cureus.33907. [DOI] [PubMed]
29. Ghorbanlou F, Jafarnezhadgero A, Fakhri Mirzanag E. [The Effect of Training with Elastic Band on Electro Myography of Lower Limb Muscles in Genu Valgum Male Students during Running: A Clinical Trial Study]. JRUMS. 2022;21(3):327-42. doi: 10.52547/jrums.21.3.327. [Article in Persian] [Link] [DOI]
30. Ghorbanlou F, Jaafarnejad A, Fatollahi A. [Effects of Corrective Exercise Protocol Utilizing A TheraBand on Muscle Activity During Running in Individuals With Genu Valgum]. The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2021;10(5):1052-65. doi: 10.32598/SJRM.10.5.2. [Article in Persian] [Link] [DOI]
31. Ghorbanloo F, Jafarnezhadgero A, Fatollahi A. [Investigating the effect of 8 weeks of corrective exercise with an elastic band on the frequency spectrum of ground reaction forces in young boys with Genu valgum during a runing: A randomized clinical trial study]. Studies in Medical Sciences. 2021;31(11):881-93. [Article in Persian] [Link]
32. Jafarnezhadgero A, Madadi-Shad M, McCrum C, Karamanidis K. Effects of Corrective Training on Drop Landing Ground Reaction Force Characteristics and Lower Limb Kinematics in Older Adults With Genu Valgus: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Aging Phys Act. 2019 Feb;27(1):9-17. doi: 10.1123/japa.2017-0315. [DOI] [PubMed]
33. Amiri MR, Golpayegani M, Moradi Vastgani F, Mirghasemi M. [Effect of Proprioception Training on Pain and Knee Joint Position Sense of Athletes With Genuvalgum]. J Sport Biomech. 2020;6(3):170-79. doi: 10.32598/biomechanics.6.3.3. [Article in Persian] [Link] [DOI]
34. Mirzaee F, Sheikhhoseini R, Piri H. The acute effects of one session reactive neuromuscular training on balance and knee joint position sense in female athletes with dynamic knee valgus. Acta Gymnica. 2020; 50(3): 122-29. doi: 10.5507/ag.2020.011. [Link] [DOI]
35. Ghorbanloo F, Jafarnezhadgero A, Alipour Sari Nasirloo M, Letafatkar A. The Effect of TheraBand® Corrective Exercise on Co-contraction of Ankle Joint in Men with Genu Valgum during Walking: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study. Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences. 2019;15(5):249-55. doi: 10.22122/jrrs.v15i5.3435. [Link] [DOI]
36. Lee HS, Kim AR. The Effect of Corrective Exercise in a patient with knee joint valgus deformity: A single-subject A-B-A experimental design. Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2016;11(1):93-105. doi: 10.13066/kspm.2016.11.1.93. [Link] [DOI]
37. Park SR, Ro HL, Namkoong S. The Effect of Stretching and Elastic Band Exercises Knee Space Distance and Plantar Pressure Distribution during Walking in Young Individuals with Genu Varum. J Korean Soc Phys Med. 2017;12(1):83-91. doi: 10.13066/kspm.2017.12.1.83. [Link] [DOI]
38. Yoo HI, Jung S, Lee DE, Ahn I, Kwon OY. The Immediate Effect of Medial Arch Support on Dynamic Knee Valgus During Stair Descent and Its Relationship With the Severity of Pronated Feet. Phys Ther Korea. 2022;29(3):208-14. doi: 10.12674/ptk.2022.29.3.208. [Link] [DOI]
39. Jafarnezhadgaro AA, Ghorbanloo F, Mokhtari Malekabadi A, Ghasemi S. [The acute effect of knee brace on the electromyography activity of lower limb muscles in individuals with genu valgus during walking]. Med J Tabriz Uni Med Sciences. 2021;43(1):116-23. doi: 10.34172/mj.2021.036. [Article in Persian] [Link] [DOI]
40. Jafarnezhadgero AA, Mokhtari MalekAbadi, Yadegar A, Ghorbanlou F, Valizadehorang A. [The effect of graded knee brace at two angles of 60 and 30 degrees on the frequency spectrum of ground reaction forces in individuals with genu valgum during landing]. Med J Tabriz Uni Med Sciences. 2021;43(2):220-29. doi: 10.34172/mj.2021.048. [Article in Persian] [Link] [DOI]
41. Abedian-Aval A, Fereshtenejad N, Sadeghi-Demneh E. The Immediate Effect of Medial Wedge Insole and Neoprene Brace on the Pain, Knee Valgus and Gait in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: Randomized Cross-Over Clinical Trial. Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences. 2020;16(1):161-69. doi: 10.22122/JRRS.V16I0.3528. [Link] [DOI]
42. Jafarnezhadgero A, Ghorbanlou F, Mokhtari Malek Abadi A. [Effect of Graded Knee Brace on Amplitude of Electrical Muscle Activity in Individuals with Genu Valgus during Walking]. The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2021;10(1):48-57. doi: 10.22037/jrm.2020.112282.2174. [Article in Persian] [Link] [DOI]
43. Valizadehorang A, Ghorbanlou F, Jafarnezhadgero AA. [Effect of using graded knee brace at two angles of 60 and 30 degrees on the ground reaction forces components in individuals with genu valgum during landing]. J Gorgan Univ Med Sci. 2020;22(2):1-8. [Article in Persian] [Link]
44. Shelburne KB, Torry MR, Steadman JR, Pandy MG. Effects of foot orthoses and valgus bracing on the knee adduction moment and medial joint load during gait. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2008 Jul;23(6):814-21. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2008.02.005. [DOI] [PubMed]
45. Wilczyński B, Zorena K, Ślęzak D. Dynamic Knee Valgus in Single-Leg Movement Tasks. Potentially Modifiable Factors and Exercise Training Options. A Literature Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov;17(21):8208. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17218208. [DOI] [PubMed]
46. Ramsey DK, Briem K, Axe MJ, Snyder-Mackler L. A mechanical theory for the effectiveness of bracing for medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007 Nov;89(11):2398-407. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.F.01136. [DOI] [PubMed]
47. Smedley KE. An Analysis of Kinesio Tape on Mitigation of Dynamic Knee Valgum. Thesis. North Dakota State University of Agriculture and Applied Science. 2022. [Link]
48. Saki F, Romiani H, Ziya M, Gheidi N. The effects of gluteus medius and tibialis anterior kinesio taping on postural control, knee kinematics, and knee proprioception in female athletes with dynamic knee valgus. Phys Ther Sport. 2022 Jan;53:84-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.11.010. [DOI] [PubMed]
49. Rajasekar S, Kumar A, Patel J, Ramprasad M, Samuel AJ. Does Kinesio taping correct exaggerated dynamic knee valgus? A randomized double blinded sham-controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2018 Jul;22(3):727-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.09.003. [DOI] [PubMed]
50. Jafarnezhadgero A, Shad MM, Majlesi M, Zago M. Effect of kinesio taping on lower limb joint powers in individuals with genu varum. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2018 Apr;22(2):511-18. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.06.009. [DOI] [PubMed]
51. Halseth T, McChesney JW, Debeliso M, Vaughn R, Lien J. The effects of kinesio™ taping on proprioception at the ankle. J Sports Sci Med. 2004 Mar;3(1):1-7. [PubMed]
52. Parreira Pdo C, Costa Lda C, Hespanhol LC Jr, Lopes AD, Costa LO. Current evidence does not support the use of Kinesio Taping in clinical practice: a systematic review. J Physiother. 2014 Mar;60(1):31-39. doi: 10.1016/j.jphys.2013.12.008. [DOI] [PubMed]
Send email to the article author

XML   Persian Abstract   Print

Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Ebrahimpour H, Jafarnezhadgero A A, Piri E, Fakhri Mirzanag E. The Effects of Various Corrective Exercise and Supportive Tools in Individuals with Genu Valgum. J Gorgan Univ Med Sci 2024; 26 (2) :1-11
URL: http://goums.ac.ir/journal/article-1-4333-en.html
Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Volume 26, Issue 2 (Summer 2024) Back to browse issues page
مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گرگان Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences
Persian site map - English site map - Created in 0.04 seconds with 36 queries by YEKTAWEB 4660
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons — Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)