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Showing 8 results for Obesity
The Prevalence and the Affecting Factors of Obesity in Women of Kermanshah
Yahya Pasdar, Mitra Darbandi, Parisa Niazi, Shokoufeh Alghasi, Farah Roshanpour,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (5-2015)
Abstract

Background & Objective: Obesity is a public health problem in modern societies which is more prevalent among women compared to men. This study was conducted to aim the prevalence of obesity and the related factors in women of Kermanshah.

Materials and Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, 687 women aging 25-65 years were enrolled using multi staged cluster sampling method from 6 regions of Kermanshah city. Data collection tools were a demographic questionnaire, Food Frequency (FFQ) and physical activity questionnaires. General Obesity was defined as BMI≥30 kg/m2 and abdominal obesity was defined as waste hip ratio (WHR) over 0.85cm. All data were analyzed using correlation coefficient, Logistic regression-test and x2 by SPSS software.

Results: Overweight and obesity was observed in 39.4% and 21.9 % of women respectively. 57.5% of studied subjects suffered from abdominal obesity. The odds ratios for obesity among illiterate (OR=1.882, P=0.05), low socioeconomic status (OR=1.867, P=0.002), and having more than four pregnancies (OR=1.875, P=0.01) were higher than other women. Odds ratio of fatty liver (OR: 3.818) and diabetes (OR: 3.077) was higher among obese subjects than normal individuals. (P=0.02).There was a positive correlation between obesity and marital status, number of pregnancies, family population size and unhealthy dietary habits (P<0.001). Moreover, there was a negative relationship between obesity and education level, employment and high socioeconomic status (P<0.001).

Conclusions: Regarding the side effects of obesity and overweight, lifestyle modification and increasing nutritional knowledge among women using appropriate methods is highly recommended.


Correlation between physical activities, consumption of fruits and vegetables and using social cognitive theory constructs in obese or overweight women referring to health centers in Gorgan
Dr Seyyed Kamal Mirkarimi, Rahmanberdi Ozoni Doji, Dr Mohammadreza Honarvar, Leyla Fazeli Aref,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (5-2017)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Obesity is an important health problem that is dramatically increasing in developed and developing countries and is also responsible for the most leading health problems in the vast majority of countries. Then, the current survey was aimed to investigate the association between physical activity and fruit and vegetables consumption among overweight and obese women referring to health centers of Gorgan city.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was accomplished among 420 overweight or obese women referring to the health centers of Gorgan city. A multi-stage cluster sampling was conducted. A researcher made questionnaire was made based on social cognitive theory constructs including demographic characteristics, HPLPII physical fitness standard questionnaire and fruit and vegetables consumption. All data were analyzed using central and distribution indices and analytical information through correlation and multivariate linear regression tests.
Results: The mean score of fruit and vegetable consumption were accordingly 2.04 ± 0.78 and 1.67 ± 0.83 portion per day; while, the average score of physical activity was 23.31 minutes with standard deviation of 16.6. There were a significant relationship between the self-efficacy, availability, expectation, environment and physical activity (p=0.001) and between the availability, expectation and fruit and vegetable consumption (p= 0.001).
Conclusion: The current findings suggest that structures of social cognitive theory including expectations, availability and self-efficacy play an important role in predicting physical activity and fruit and vegetables consumption.

Investigating the Response of Lipid Profile, Insulin Resistance and Mitochondrial Biogenesis of Obese Rats to Various Training
Iman Fathi, Maryam Nourshahi,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the response of lipid profile, insulin resistance, and mitochondrial biogenesis index of obese rats to various exercise training.
Material and Methods: 24 rats were randomly divided into four groups of 6: 1) obese-interval training (HIIT); 2) obese-continuous training (CT); 3) obese control (OB) and 4) control (Cont). During the study period, (from 16 to 24 weeks) rats in groups 1, 2, and 3 were given high-fat foods (from 16 to 24 weeks). After being familiarized, rats in groups 1 and 2 performed HIIT and continuous training three times a week for eight weeks, respectively. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni posthoc test (p≤0.05).
Results: A study of Western blotting showed that the amount of muscle PGC1α in HIIT and CT groups was significantly higher than OB and Cont groups. Also, despite the more reduction in visceral fat and other factors in the CT group, the HIIT groupchr('39')s PGC1α content was higher than the CT group, which was not significant. Serum levels of glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance in HIIT and CT groups (At 24 weeks) were significantly lower than the OB group (p≤0.05); However, these glycemic indices weren’t significantly different from the control group (P≥0.05). There was a significant difference in TG, TC, LDL, and HDL values between the exercise groups with the OB group. In addition, the increase in visceral fat was 27% in the OB group, while a decrease of 30% and 43% was observed in the HIIT and CT groups, respectively (P<0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that the use of HIIT can be as effective as continuous training on lipid profile, insulin resistance, and mitochondrial function of muscle tissue in obese people.

Protective Effect of Aerobic Training with Blue-Algae spirulina Supplementation on Endothelial Dysfunction and Insulin Resistance in Overweight Adults Men
Ammar Raoufi Sangachin, Ahmad Abdi, Alireza Barari,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Aging is the major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases as aging increases plasma levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and endothelial dysfunction. Physical exercise and spirulina improve the endothelial dysfunction and chronic inflammation that accompanies aging. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Aerobic Exercise (AT), with blue-algae Spirulina Supplementation (SP) on the indicators of endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance in overweight adult men.
Material and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 40 overweight adult men (age 57.50±4.84 years, Body mass index: BMI 26.90±2.85 kg/m2) were selected from Bandar-e-Anzali and randomly allocated into five groups; including Control-Normal (CN), Overweight (OW), Overweight-Aerobic Training (OWAT), Overweight-Spirulina (OWSP) and Overweight-Aerobic Training -Spirulina (OWATSP). Training groups participated in an aerobic exercise program for eight weeks, five sessions per week (with an intensity of 65 to 85% of peak heart rate, 40 minutes). The OWSP and OWATSP groups were provided with two 500 mg SP tablets daily in the morning and evening. Data were analyzed using an independent t-test and ANCOVA at a significance level of
P <0.05.
Results: The levels of endothelin-1(ET-1), Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1), Selectin-E, and HOMA-IR index in the OW group were higher than CN (P≤0.05). AT and SP significantly reduced ET-1, ICAM-1, Selectin-E, and HOMA-IR (P≤0.05). In the OWATSP group, the levels of ET-1, ICAM-1, Selectin-E, and HOMA-IR were significantly lower than OW and OWSP (P≤0.05). NO levels significantly decreased in OWATSP and OWAT (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: Aerobic training and spirulina supplementation could improve the endothelial function in overweight adult men, by altering the levels of ET-1, ICAM-1, Selectin-E, and NO. However, the simultaneous effect of AT with SP on these indices was better. Improved endothelial function was associated with an improvement in insulin resistance index.

Effects of high-intensity functional training and circuit resistance training on the serum levels of IFN-γ in obese women
Samaneh Jadidi , Seyed Mohsen Avandi, Ali Khaleghian ,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (7-2023)
Abstract
Samaneh Jadidi, Seyed Mohsen Avandi , Ali Khaleghian
Background: Obesity is one of the most serious health problems associated with inflammation. It has been found that functional and resistance physical activities improve obesity and inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect High-intensity Functional training (HIFT) and Circuit resistance training (CRT) on serum levels of the pro-inflammatory factor interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in obese women.
Methods: Thirty-six obese women of Semnan city (age: 32.66 ± 3.91, weight: 86.97± 9.08 and BMI> 30) were selected and divided into three groups of HIIF (n =12), CRT (n = 12) and control (n = 12) were divided. HIIF was performed in the form of cross-fit exercises and Circuit exercises in the form of weight training for 6 weeks. Finally, the IFN-γ was measured using the Human IFN-g Elisa kit 96t-zellbio. To examine the data, one-way analysis of variance and dependent t-test at the level of p≤0.05 were used and all calculations were performed using SPSS software version 24.
Results: The results showed that there was no significant change in IFN-γ level in training groups compared to before training (P>0.05). Also, the results between groups did not show a significant difference in serum IFN-γ between HIIF and CRT (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Therefore, it seems that of exercise does not affect the dependent variable of serum interferon gamma levels.
Comparison of twelve weeks periodized circuit resistance training and traditional resistance training on calprotectin levels in obese men
Fatemeh Mirzaei Ashrafi, Seyed Mohsen Avandi, Ali Khaleghian,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (7-2023)
Abstract
Fatemeh Mirzaei Ashrafi http://jorjanijournal.goums.ac.ir/files/0allsites/images/orcid.png, Seyed Mohsen Avandi  http://jorjanijournal.goums.ac.ir/files/0allsites/images/orcid.png , Ali Khaleghian http://jorjanijournal.goums.ac.ir/files/0allsites/images/orcid.png

Background: Obesity has become a significant health concern in recent decades, characterized by increased body fat. This study aimed to compare the effects of circuit and traditional resistance training on serum calprotectin levels in obese men.
Methods: A pre-test-post-test design was used with thirty-three sedentary young obese men (age 21.33±2.49 years, weight 92.23±14.39 kg and BMI 30.71±4.63 kg/m²) who were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control. The experimental group underwent a 12-week periodized resistance training program consisting of three sessions per week, gradually increasing in intensity from 50% to 80% of their one-repetition maximum (1RM) using a wave pattern. Resting serum calprotectin levels were measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired sample t-tests, with statistical significance at p < 0.05.
Results: Both periodized circuit and traditional resistance training resulted in increased plasma levels of calprotectin compared to the control group (p = 0.001). Additionally, the periodized circuit resistance training group demonstrated a greater increase in plasma levels of calprotectin than the traditional resistance training and control groups (p = 0.01).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that twelve-week periodized circuit and traditional resistance training programs can effectively increase calprotectin levels in obese men.

Effect of an eight-week multi-joint circuit resistance training program on adiponectin levels and lipid profiles in overweight women from Absard City
Sara Valikhani, Seyed Mohsen Avandi, Mehdi Hedayati ,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background: Circuit resistance training, beneficial to overweight individuals, combines aerobic and resistance exercises. This study aimed to investigate the effect of multi-joint circuit resistance training on serum adiponectin levels and lipid profiles in overweight women.
Methods: Thirty sedentary overweight women (mean age of 34.48±4.304 years, mean weight of 81.17±9.137 kg, and mean BMI of 30.17±2.13 kg/m2) were randomly divided into two groups: circuit resistance training (n=15) and a control group (n=15). The experimental group trained at 65–85% of maximum heart rate for eight weeks, with three sessions per week (24 sessions total). The control group did not engage in regular exercise. Serum adiponectin levels and lipid profiles were assessed before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using paired sample t-tests and dependent t-tests at a significance level of P-value≤0.05.
Results: The results showed that adiponectin levels (P-value=0.001) and cholesterol levels (P-value=0.015) increased in the circuit training group, while LDL levels decreased (P-value=0.031). HDL levels increased but were not statistically significant (P-value=0.100). These variables did not change in the control group.
Conclusion: Finding ways to improve the state of adipokines is of vital importance for these patients. According to the results, circuit resistance training may be an effective method for addressing dyslipidemia and increasing adiponectin levels in overweight women.

Response of liver enzymes and serum indices to whey protein isolate and jogging after bariatric surgery in obesity women
Farah Nameni , Maryam Motevasseli ,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background: Regular physical activity helps maintain health and improves the performance of various body systems. It is also recommended for managing many diseases and disorders, even after surgery. In this regard, the use of supplements may effectively synergize these benefits and promote faster recovery and cell repair. This study investigated the response of liver enzymes and serum indices to whey protein and jogging after bariatric surgery in women.
Methods: The statistical population included all women aged 30 to 45 who underwent bariatric surgery. From this population, 30 individuals were selected as a statistical sample based on entry and exit criteria, using a simple random method without replacement. After providing necessary explanations, written consent was obtained from all participants. Before surgery, body composition assessment, fibroscan, and blood liver enzyme tests were performed. Following the surgery, the research sample participated in an 8-week jogging program and consumed Iso whey supplement. The training protocol was incremental, and the participants consumed 20 grams of Iso whey supplement twice daily, as a suspended solution in water, 30 minutes before and immediately after training. At the end of the research protocol, re-evaluations of body composition, fibroscan, and blood liver enzyme tests were conducted.  To compare data, the mean, standard deviation, and Levine's test were used. Shapiro-Wilk test, dependent t-test, and analysis of variance with repeated measurements were employed to assess differences.
Results: The research showed that alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase enzyme levels decreased significantly. In addition, bone density, calcium levels, and muscle mass increased, while fat percentage and liver fibrosis decreased (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Iso whey protein and jogging appear to have synergistic effects in stimulating growth, increasing muscle size and strength, and improving performance through protein building blocks and amino acids. These factors may also enhance the release of anabolic hormones. The decrease in liver enzymes was likely due to improved fat metabolism, increased energy and oxygen consumption, and enhanced cardiovascular activity.

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