Showing 6 results for Liver
Pedram Torabian, Dr Vahid Erfani-Moghadam,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (5-2016)
Abstract
For decades, researchers have tried to develop non-invasive mechanisms for monitoring pathological conditions within the body of patients. Emerging nanotechnology enabled us to reach this aim. Scale of nano has the potential to increase early detection of pathological conditions among abnormal cells before diseased tissue or tumor development can be considerable which is helpful in disease treatment. In recent years, “Theranostics” has been emerged as a novel nano approach which performs diagnostic detection, therapy and follows up simultaneously. Therefore, Theranostics can be considered as an appropriate therapeutic approach for personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics and molecular imaging which can open a gate to develop novel therapies. Additionally, with a deeper molecular understanding, choosing drugs that are more effective will be possible. Finally, researchers believe that Theranostics has the potential to monitor treatments by increasing drug effectiveness and preventing inappropriate treatments and consequently reducing the cost of national health burden. In this review, structure and some applications of Theranostics and nano drug delivery systems have been discussed briefly.
Razieh Nazari-Vanani, Naghmeh Sattarahmady, Negar Azarpira, Hossein Heli,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (9-2018)
Abstract
Due to low cost, ease of administration, and lack need for trained personnel, the oral route is the most convenient and accessible way to design different medicines that could be simply consumed by patients. Regardless of the great benefits of this route, the main challenge in the bioavailability of oral medications is gastrointestinal instability. Nanotechnology is used to improve the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. The self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system is an ideal method for improving the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. This system is a sustainable combination of drugs, oils, surfactants, and cosurfactants. The combination of these components causes the nanoemulsion of oil in water with the size of droplets in the range of nm, thereby increasing the bioavailability and oral absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs. This system is highly regarded for its benefits and the ability to improve the healing properties of oral medications.
Zinab Shykholeslami, Ahmad Abdi, Alireza Barari, Seyed Ali Hosseini,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (12-2019)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Proper nutrition and exercise are two effective factors in improving liver function in old age. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training (T) with consumption of Citrus aurantium (CA) on SIR1 and PGC-1α gene expression levels in the liver tissue of elderly rats.
Method: In this experimental study, 25 elderly female rats were placed in five groups of 5 rats, including 1) control, 2) sham, 3) CA, 4) T and 5) T+CA. Over the course of eight weeks, groups 4 and 5 ran on the treadmill three sessions per week at 65 to 75 percent of the maximum running speed, and groups 3 and 5 received 300 mg/kg/day of CA extract peritoneally. Forty- eight hours after the last training session and CA consumption, SIR1 and PGC-1α gene expression levels in the liver tissue were measured by real-time PCR method. In order to analyze the findings, the Shapiro-Wilk, one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post- hoc tests were used (P≤0.05).
Results: T had a significant effect on increasing SIR1 (P = 0.009) and PGC-1α (P = 0.001) gene expression levels; CA had a significant effect on reducing SIR1 gene expression levels and increasing PGC-1α (P = 0.001); T + CA had a greater effect on increasing PGC-1α gene expression levels than T and CA (P = 0.001).
Conclusion: Although eight weeks of T and CA consumption alone appear to improve PGC-1α gene expression levels in the liver tissue of elderly rats, concurrent T and CA consumption has more favorable effects than each of them alone.
Mohammad Jafari Shiran, Saeed Naseri, Tahereh Sadeghian-Rizi, Saeed Khani, Mohammad Shoormij, Seyedeh Simin Dakhilpour,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: The fatty liver is a reversible form of fat accumulation in the liver cells. The burden of this disease is increasing worldwide. In general, due to the lack of proper treatment and the multiple side effects of existing chemical medicines, researchers have focused on the use of herbal medicines. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of aqueous extract of Arctium lappa L. (burdock) and Cichorium intybus L. (chicory) on fatty liver in rats fed with high fat diet as respects these plants have been frequently applied in traditional medicine for treatment of the liver-related diseases.
Material and Methods: For this study, 30 Wistar rats weighing 120-220 g were used. The rats were divided into 5 groups and received 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mL/kg of mixture of aqueous extracts of burdock and chicory.
Results: Results showed that this aqueous extract reduced the liver macro-vesicles and microvesicles and symptoms of steatosis without any specific liver complications. It was found that 500 and 1000 mL/kg of extract had the most effective therapeutic effect.
Conclusion: In conclusion, our study shows that extract of burdock-chicory has the potential to ameliorate fatty liver in rats fed with high-fat diet. This study provides evidence that burdock-chicory extract could be considered as a potential dietary supplement strategy for prevention and treatment of fatty liver. Based on these results, the extract was formulated, and entered the pharmaceutical market.
Hamzeh Bayani, Habib Asgharpour, Asra Askari, Reza Rezaeeshirazi,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (10-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Regular exercise along with calorie intake promotes mitochondrial function by promoting healthy mitochondrial regeneration. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of four weeksof continuous aerobic training and starvation on the gene expression of pink1 and bnibp3 (liver mitophagy) in Wistar fat rats.
Materials and Methods: The present study used an experimental design. Thirty 18-week-old fatty, maleWistar rats with an average body weight of 348±25.53 purchased from the Pasteur Institute of Iran were selected as the research sample. After one week of familiarity with the laboratory environment, these fatty animals were randomly divided into 6 groups of 5, control (n=5) and experimental (n=25), including control, starvation, starvation and 3 days of exercise, starvation and 5 days of exercise, 3 days of exercise, 5 days of exercise groups.
Results: According to the statistical results of one-way analysis of variance, there was a significant decrease in triglyceride, cholesterol, liver enzymes ALT, AST in all groups compared to the control group. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in pink1 and bnibp3 gene expression in starvation group and starvation groups of 3 and 5 days of training compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Four weeksof continuous aerobic training and starvation combined and alone were able to significantly reduce the status of blood lipids and liver enzymes in fatty model rats. Also, the starvation group and starvation groups along with exercise increased the activity of removing damaged mitochondria by increasing the activity of pink1 and bnibp3 genes compared to the control group.
Farnaz Seifi, Mojdeh Khajehlandi,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background: The use of complementary medicine in healthcare is increasing rapidly. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training with quercetin supplementation on the gene expression of FOXO1 and ATG5 in the liver of diabetic obese rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 42 male Wistar rats were considered research samples at eight weeks. Rats were induced with diabetes after eight weeks of a high-fat diet and familiarization with a laboratory environment and treadmill. Rats were divided into seven groups, and six rats were placed in each group (n=6): healthy control group, diabetes control group, diabetic quercetin group, high-intensity interval training with diabetes group, moderate-intensity continuous training with diabetes group, diabetic high-intensity interval training with quercetin group, and diabetic moderate-intensity continuous training with quercetin group. For one training group, eight weeks of high-intensity interval training, and for the other group, eight weeks of moderate-intensity continuous training on the treadmill were performed. Seventy-two hours after the last training session, liver tissues were isolated to check the gene expression of FOXO1 and ATG5. One-way analysis of variance test was used to check the difference between groups by SPSS version 26 software.
Results: Findings showed that by inducing type 2 diabetes, gene expression of FOXO1 increased (3.14 unit) (P<0.001) and ATG5 gene expression decreased (0.71 unit) (P<0.001). After eight weeks of training investigation, gene expression of FOXO1 and ATG5 decreased (P<0.001) and increased (P<0.001), respectively, in all training groups compared to the diabetic control group. There was no significant difference between the four training groups (P>0/05).
Conclusion: Both exercises with and without quercetin had a modulating effect on the gene expression of indicators related to the process of autophagy and blood glucose levels in the liver of diabetic obese rats.
