Showing 3 results for Gene Expression
Mojdeh Khajehlandi, Lotfali Bolboli,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background: Mitochondrial function is an integral part of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells and is a hallmark feature of cardiovascular disease. It may contribute to the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy and atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), combined with quercetin supplementation (eight weeks), on mitochondrial gene expression in the diabetic heart.
Methods: In this study, 35 adult male rats were equally divided into seven groups (n=5): healthy sedentary, diabetic sedentary, diabetic quercetin sedentary, diabetic HIIT (DHIIT), diabetic MICT (DMICT), DHIIT with quercetin, and DMICT with quercetin. The rats were fed a high-fat diet for eight weeks and subsequently treated with a single low dose of streptozotocin to create a model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Eight weeks (five times a week) of HIIT and MICT, with and without quercetin, were conducted for the training groups, and quercetin was injected over eight weeks at a dose of 15 mg/kg.
Results: Eight weeks of quercetin supplementation, HIIT, and MICT, with and without quercetin, significantly decreased blood glucose levels (P=0.001). Eight weeks of HIIT and MICT training increased nuclear respiratory factor-2 (NRF2) (P=0.001) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) (P=0.001) expression and decreased perilipin 2 (PLIN2) gene expression (P=0.001).
Conclusion: The training groups alone improved the gene expression of NRF2, ATGL, and PLIN2. Both training protocols, combined with quercetin, controlled blood glucose levels and improved antioxidant capacity. Thus, the reduction in blood glucose through quercetin supplementation appears to be a promising approach for managing T2DM.
Mahsa Mahdizadeh, Zahra Arab-Bafrani, Seyyed Mehdi Jafari,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background: Esophageal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Because this disease is usually diagnosed in advanced stages, its treatment is challenging and the survival rate of patients is relatively low. One of the parts that is disturbed in the tumor tissue of esophageal cancer is the tight connections between cells. Claudin-4 (CLDN-4) is one of the tight junction regulatory proteins whose changes are involved in cancer formation. In this systematic review, we examine the changes in CLDN-4 and the factors that affect its level in samples and cell lines related to esophageal cancer.
Methods: Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles that examined CLDN-4 gene and protein expression in patients with esophageal cancer or cell lines related to esophageal cancer. A number of 202 manuscripts were obtained in the beginning, and after screening and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, six studies remained.
Results: Six studies, including 596 patients and seven cell lines related to esophageal tissues, were included in this systematic review. The studies were related to Japan, South Korea, China, and Finland. In these studies, the level of CLDN-4 in cancer samples related to esophageal cancer and their location in esophageal tissue cells have been examined.
Conclusion: In summary, it can be concluded that the change in the level of CLDN-4 in the tumor tissues of esophageal cancer altered the tight junctions from the normal state in the normal esophageal tissues, leading to a change in normal barrier function. However, considering the conflicting results in the reports, more studies are needed to accurately interpret the role of CLDN-4 in esophageal cancer.
Malihe Bakhti, Farzaneh Taghian, Khosro Jalali Dehkordi , Rezvan Mirsafaei Rizi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background: Hypothyroidism is typically associated with a decreased basal metabolic rate, reduced energy expenditure, and weight gain. Exercise training and Dorema Aucheri (DA) have been identified as beneficial therapeutic strategies within complementary health approaches. Skeletal muscle metabolism and fiber type are regulated by innervation and soluble factors, such as thyroid hormones. However, the mechanisms between muscle function and hypothyroidism remain unclear.
Methods: Thirty mice were divided into five subgroups: the normal group; hypothyroid mice (HYPO, 8 mg/kg of propylthiouracil administered via intraperitoneal injection for 30 days); hypothyroid mice treated with DA (gavaged at 0.4 mg/kg for two months, five days per week); hypothyroid mice treated with exercise (75% VO2 max, 45 minutes per session, for two months, five days per week); and hypothyroid mice treated with both DA and exercise. The mRNA expression levels were detected via real-time qPCR.
Results: The data indicated that PPARγ, mTOR, and PI3K levels are reduced in hypothyroidism. DA and exercise enhanced PPARγ, mTOR, and PI3K levels in muscle tissue. Notably, DA and exercise significantly increased the expression levels of PPARγ, mTOR, and PI3K.
Conclusion: Exercise and DA, as alternative and complementary medicine, modified the PPARγ/mTOR/PI3K signaling pathways affected by hypothyroidism in mice.
