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Showing 5 results for Endurance Training
The Effect of Eight Weeks of Moderate-Intensity Endurance Training on Myocardial Capillary Density, Ejection Fraction and Left Ventricular Shortening Fraction in Male Rats with Myocardial Infarction
Shirin Heidarpour, Mehran Ghahramani, Sedigheh Hosseinpour Delavar,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (12-2020)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Vascular obstruction and impaired blood flow and oxygen delivery cause a myocardial infarction and limit a person's function. Therefore, finding a way to create new arteries and replace blocked arteries has always been of interest to researchers, including exercise physiologists. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of moderate-intensity endurance training on the capillary density of the myocardium and ejection fraction and left ventricular shortening fraction in male rats with myocardial infarction.
Material and Methods: 16 ten-week-old male wistar rats with mean weight of 250-300gr were allocated to two groups of experimental (60 minutes of interval treadmill running for four minutes at an intensity of 65-70% VO2max and two minutes of active rest at 50-60 percent of VO2max for 5 days a week for 8 weeks) and control group (without any training). Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the capillary density of the myocardium. Ejection fraction and left ventricular shortening fraction were measured by Doppler echocardiography. Data were analyzed in SPSS18 using independent samples t test (α≤ 0.05).
Results: The findings showed that there was a significant increase in the capillary density of the myocardium (p=0.000), ejection fraction (P = 0.001) and left ventricular shortening fraction (P = 0.001) in the experimental group as compared with the control group.
Conclusion: In general, eight weeks of moderate-intensity endurance training can effectively increase angiogenesis in male Wistar rats after MI. 

Endurance Training and Consumption of Hydroalcoholic Zingiber Officinale Extract Regulated PPARγ, PGC1-ɑ/TNF-ɑ Expression Level in Myocardial Infarction Rats
Monireh Omomi, Farzaneh Taghian, Gholamreza Sharifi,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Zingiber officinale extract can control cardiovascular risk factors. Moreover, endurance training may effectively rehabilitate myocardial infarction by strengthening the myocardial muscle tissue. In-silico analysis identified essential genes involved in the heart damage process based on data from the DisGeNET database. Hence, we estimated the affinity of chemical and bioactive molecules for PPARγ. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of endurance exercise alone or combined with Zingiber officinale extract on Myocardial infarction rats.
Material and Methods: Twenty-five male rats were randomly divided into five groups, including (1) group of myocardial infarctions (MI) induced by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol, (2) myocardial infarction+exercise (MI+EX), (3) myocardial infarction+Zingiber Officinale extraction administered orally (MI+GE), (4) myocardial infarction+exercise+Zingiber Officinale extract (MI+EX+GE), and (5) Control group. The qPCR-Real Time technique was used to measure the expression of PGC1-ɑ, PPARγ, and TNF-ɑ genes. We evaluated the concentration of Troponin-1 as a vital myocardial ischemia marker.
Results: In bioinformatics analysis, we found that the PPARγ, PGC1-ɑ, and TNF-ɑ pathways were critical in heart injury. Also, the effects of Zingiber officinale on heart tissue were detected through PPARγ by drug design. Endurance training combined with Zingiber officinale consumption reduced the expression of TNF-ɑ, Troponin-1 and increased the PGC1-ɑ, PPARγ genes. Furthermore, consumption of Zingiber officinale extraction improved the levels of PGC1-ɑ, PPARγ, TNF-ɑ, and Troponin-1.
Conclusion: Our data indicated that six weeks of endurance training and consumption of Zingiber officinale extract could reduce the relative expression of the TNF-ɑ and significantly increase the level of PGC1-ɑ, PPARγ.


Effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training with quercetin supplementation on the gene expression of FOXO1 and ATG5 in the liver of diabetic obese rats
Farnaz Seifi, Mojdeh Khajehlandi,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background: The use of complementary medicine in healthcare is increasing rapidly. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training with quercetin supplementation on the gene expression of FOXO1 and ATG5 in the liver of diabetic obese rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 42 male Wistar rats were considered research samples at eight weeks. Rats were induced with diabetes after eight weeks of a high-fat diet and familiarization with a laboratory environment and treadmill. Rats were divided into seven groups, and six rats were placed in each group (n=6): healthy control group, diabetes control group, diabetic quercetin group, high-intensity interval training with diabetes group, moderate-intensity continuous training with diabetes group, diabetic high-intensity interval training with quercetin group, and diabetic moderate-intensity continuous training with quercetin group. For one training group, eight weeks of high-intensity interval training, and for the other group, eight weeks of moderate-intensity continuous training on the treadmill were performed. Seventy-two hours after the last training session, liver tissues were isolated to check the gene expression of FOXO1 and ATG5. One-way analysis of variance test was used to check the difference between groups by SPSS version 26 software.
Results: Findings showed that by inducing type 2 diabetes, gene expression of FOXO1 increased (3.14 unit) (P<0.001) and ATG5 gene expression decreased (0.71 unit) (P<0.001). After eight weeks of training investigation, gene expression of FOXO1 and ATG5 decreased (P<0.001) and increased (P<0.001), respectively, in all training groups compared to the diabetic control group. There was no significant difference between the four training groups (P>0/05).
Conclusion: Both exercises with and without quercetin had a modulating effect on the gene expression of indicators related to the process of autophagy and blood glucose levels in the liver of diabetic obese rats.
 
Dorema Aucheri and exercise training in enhancing PPARγ/mTOR/PI3K gene expression in muscle tissue of hypothyroid mice: experimental approaches using a hypothyroid mouse model
Malihe Bakhti, Farzaneh Taghian, Khosro Jalali Dehkordi , Rezvan Mirsafaei Rizi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background: Hypothyroidism is typically associated with a decreased basal metabolic rate, reduced energy expenditure, and weight gain. Exercise training and Dorema Aucheri (DA) have been identified as beneficial therapeutic strategies within complementary health approaches. Skeletal muscle metabolism and fiber type are regulated by innervation and soluble factors, such as thyroid hormones. However, the mechanisms between muscle function and hypothyroidism remain unclear.
Methods: Thirty mice were divided into five subgroups: the normal group; hypothyroid mice (HYPO, 8 mg/kg of propylthiouracil administered via intraperitoneal injection for 30 days); hypothyroid mice treated with DA (gavaged at 0.4 mg/kg for two months, five days per week); hypothyroid mice treated with exercise (75% VO2 max, 45 minutes per session, for two months, five days per week); and hypothyroid mice treated with both DA and exercise. The mRNA expression levels were detected via real-time qPCR.
Results: The data indicated that PPARγ, mTOR, and PI3K levels are reduced in hypothyroidism. DA and exercise enhanced PPARγ, mTOR, and PI3K levels in muscle tissue. Notably, DA and exercise significantly increased the expression levels of PPARγ, mTOR, and PI3K.
Conclusion: Exercise and DA, as alternative and complementary medicine, modified the PPARγ/mTOR/PI3K signaling pathways affected by hypothyroidism in mice.
 

Response of liver enzymes and serum indices to whey protein isolate and jogging after bariatric surgery in obesity women
Farah Nameni , Maryam Motevasseli ,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background: Regular physical activity helps maintain health and improves the performance of various body systems. It is also recommended for managing many diseases and disorders, even after surgery. In this regard, the use of supplements may effectively synergize these benefits and promote faster recovery and cell repair. This study investigated the response of liver enzymes and serum indices to whey protein and jogging after bariatric surgery in women.
Methods: The statistical population included all women aged 30 to 45 who underwent bariatric surgery. From this population, 30 individuals were selected as a statistical sample based on entry and exit criteria, using a simple random method without replacement. After providing necessary explanations, written consent was obtained from all participants. Before surgery, body composition assessment, fibroscan, and blood liver enzyme tests were performed. Following the surgery, the research sample participated in an 8-week jogging program and consumed Iso whey supplement. The training protocol was incremental, and the participants consumed 20 grams of Iso whey supplement twice daily, as a suspended solution in water, 30 minutes before and immediately after training. At the end of the research protocol, re-evaluations of body composition, fibroscan, and blood liver enzyme tests were conducted.  To compare data, the mean, standard deviation, and Levine's test were used. Shapiro-Wilk test, dependent t-test, and analysis of variance with repeated measurements were employed to assess differences.
Results: The research showed that alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase enzyme levels decreased significantly. In addition, bone density, calcium levels, and muscle mass increased, while fat percentage and liver fibrosis decreased (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Iso whey protein and jogging appear to have synergistic effects in stimulating growth, increasing muscle size and strength, and improving performance through protein building blocks and amino acids. These factors may also enhance the release of anabolic hormones. The decrease in liver enzymes was likely due to improved fat metabolism, increased energy and oxygen consumption, and enhanced cardiovascular activity.

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