Showing 8 results for Diet
Azar Mohammadi, Abdolhossein Taheri Kalani, Mahnaz Omidi,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background: When metabolic demands increase due to an obesity-induced high-fat diet (HFD), mitochondrial function is impaired, production can increase, and oxidative stress occurs. This type of stress has been shown to play a key role in various pathological conditions such as heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and cancers. This study aims to evaluate the impact of HFD and resistance training (RT) on oxidative stress biomarkers and cardiac health in rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 21 male Wistar rats (weighing 200-300 g) were randomly and equally assigned into the following groups: control (CTRL), HFD, and HFD+ RT. Animals in the HFD groups received a high-fat diet for 23 weeks. During the treatments, rats in the HFD+ RT group, besides receiving a high-fat diet, performed the progressive RT protocol three times per week with 30- 100% of their body mass in the last eight weeks. At the end of the treatments, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in cardiac tissue were measured by colorimetric method. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post hoc test at a significant level of P<0.05.
Results: HFD did not alter levels of SOD, GPX, TAC, or MDA in cardiac tissue. Cardiac SOD (P=0.021), GPX (P=0.024), and TAC (P=0.041) levels in the HFD+ RT increased significantly compared to the HFD group, but there was no significant difference in cardiac MDA levels between the three groups (P=0.438).
Conclusion: RT seems to improve cardiac tissue oxidative stress adaptations in an animal model fed with an HFD.
Seyed Ali Mard, Vahid Sebghatollahi, Bijan Ahmadi, Farnoosh Naghashian, Maria Kavianpoor, Hossein Khadem Haghighian,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is one of the main risk factors for stomach illness. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and common dietary habits in patients with dyspepsia.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on individuals referred for gastrointestinal endoscopy (N: 374) using a one-year food frequency questionnaire and a 24 hour dietary recall for three days. Tissue samples from the antrum, body and fundus were derived and kept in glass containers including formalin buffer for further pathologic examinations. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 13.0. Independent-Sample t test was used to compare the means. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The study population was comprised of 214 healthy subjects (57%) and 160 patients (43%). The average daily intake of sausages (p = 0.001), burgers (p = 0.002) was higher in patients compared to the healthy group significantly. The average daily intake of fish (p = 0.001) and weekly intake of tomato (p = 0.001), onions (p = 0.002) and citrus (p = 0.001) was lower among patients in comparison to healthy subjects significantly.
Conclusion: The high consumption of fruits and vegetables and low intake of red meat were of dietary habits among healthy individuals. Although, high consumption of processed meat was of dietary habits among patients infected with H. pylori. Therefore, a proper diet can be recommended as a public health policy to the general public.
Dr Seyyed Kamal Mirkarimi, Rahmanberdi Ozoni Doji, Dr Mohammadreza Honarvar, Leyla Fazeli Aref,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (5-2017)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Obesity is an important health problem that is dramatically increasing in developed and developing countries and is also responsible for the most leading health problems in the vast majority of countries. Then, the current survey was aimed to investigate the association between physical activity and fruit and vegetables consumption among overweight and obese women referring to health centers of Gorgan city.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was accomplished among 420 overweight or obese women referring to the health centers of Gorgan city. A multi-stage cluster sampling was conducted. A researcher made questionnaire was made based on social cognitive theory constructs including demographic characteristics, HPLPII physical fitness standard questionnaire and fruit and vegetables consumption. All data were analyzed using central and distribution indices and analytical information through correlation and multivariate linear regression tests.
Results: The mean score of fruit and vegetable consumption were accordingly 2.04 ± 0.78 and 1.67 ± 0.83 portion per day; while, the average score of physical activity was 23.31 minutes with standard deviation of 16.6. There were a significant relationship between the self-efficacy, availability, expectation, environment and physical activity (p=0.001) and between the availability, expectation and fruit and vegetable consumption (p= 0.001).
Conclusion: The current findings suggest that structures of social cognitive theory including expectations, availability and self-efficacy play an important role in predicting physical activity and fruit and vegetables consumption.
Fatemeh Karimimanesh, Dr Mohammad Davarpanah Jazi, Dr Nooshin Mohammadifard,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (10-2017)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Health databases contain a large amount of clinical data. Investigating the relationships and patterns in these databases can lead to new medical knowledge. Nutrition indicators are designed to evaluate the dietary quality in communities. Metabolic syndrome is a set of risk factors which may increase the risk of heart disease. Inappropriate diet is one of the most important factors in the occurrence of metabolic syndrome. The health industry is constantly producing a large amount of data in medical areas which requires a technique to disclose useful information and important relationships. The aim of this study was to compare the dietary diversity score (DDS) with healthy eating index (HEI) in terms of nutrient intake and assessing the association with metabolic syndrome with the approach of data mining.
Methods: A total of 1019 teenagers between the ages of 11 to 18 years were enrolled in this study. Data were collected using a past 24-hour food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Nutrition data collection and determination of anthropometric characteristics and medical examinations were performed in Isfahan Cardiovascular Institute. Data were analyzed by TANAGRA data mining tool.
Results: Statistical, regression and classification techniques were used for data exploration. The average score of DDS was 3.98 ± 1.10, while the HEI average was 59.23 ± 8.84 and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 17.39%. The average of DDS provided a better nutritional value in comparison to HEI. HEI was more robust in controlling received energy and carbohydrates. DDS was not significantly correlated with any of the components of metabolic syndrome, while HEI was weakly correlated with high waist circumference. High quartiles of HEI could predict a lower risk of metabolic syndrome, while high quartiles of DDS can predict higher risk of metabolic syndrome.
Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that the DDS score may result in better nutrition uptake while adhering to the HEI was more effective in reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome.
Farah Nameni, Fatemeh Jafary Nia, Bahareh Yazdanparast Chaharmahali,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Autophagy is a genetically and evolutionarily conserved the programmed process that destroys long-lived cellular proteins and organelles. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of strength training with alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on LC3-I and P62 in elderly diabetic rats.
Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 35 old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (healthy control, diabetic, diabetic + strength training, Diabetic + supplement, Diabetic + strength training + supplement). First, the rats became diabetic and had a fatty liver. Strength training program in 10 weeks performed. Alfa-lipoic acid supplement was also injected 3 days a week. At the end of the training period and tissues were removed and the expression of LC3-I and P62 were measured by RT-PCR. For data analysis, a one-way analysis variance test was used for comparison between groups was considered (P<0/05).
Results: The result showed mRNA LC3-1 has increased and this change is more in the diabetic group. (P=0.001) and despite the decrease in P62 gene expression, we did not see a significant difference between the control group and the diabetic in the training group with and without supplementation.However, no significant difference was observed between training methods and supplementation with exercise. Also, resistance training in combination with alpha-lipoic acid supplementation had a significant effect on reducing P62 content between control and experimental groups. (P=0.001).
Conclusion: Alfa-lipoic acid supplement with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect along with exercise can play an important role in improving fatty liver in elderly type 2 diabetic rats.
Farah Nameni, Fateme Firoozmand,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer's is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and cognitive dysfunction. Research has shown that blood metal levels and physical activity may be key to injury and possibly Alzheimer's treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and Folate Nano-liposome on the expression of D1 and D2 receptors in the hippocampal tissue of Alzheimer's rats.
Methods: Thirty-three male Wistar rats at the age of eight weeks were prepared from Pasteur Institute. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (healthy control, Alzheimer's control, Alzheimer+ HIIT, Alzheimer +Folate Nano liposomes, Alzheimer+ HIIT +Folate Nano liposomes).Alzheimer's induction was performed and Folate Nano-liposomes were injected as a supplement .After the last training session, rats were anesthetized and the hippocampus was analyzed.
Results: The results of one-way ANOVA showed a significant increase between the groups in D1 mRNA and D2 mRNA (P≤0.000). The results of the Bonferroni post hoc test showed that there was a significant increase the control group and the Alzheimer's, Alzheimer's + HIIT and Alzheimer's +folate Nano liposomes. There was a significant increase between Alzheimer's group and Alzheimer's+ HIIT and Alzheimer's+ HIIT+ folate Nano-liposomes (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: Resistance training and Folate Nano-liposomes have changed the content of D1 and D2 in the brain after Alzheimer's induction. These changes may be due in part to the synergistic effect of physical activity and Nano-pharmaceuticals in preventing or reducing the detrimental effects of pathological conditions.
Zahra Hashemi Shiri, Tahereh Bagherpour, Nemtallah Nemati,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2022)
Abstract
Background: Obesity has been recognized as a global problem that is increasing day by day. Although t Background: Obesity has been recognized as a global problem that is increasing day by day. Although the favorable effects of training and herbal supplements have been reported in this regard, the synergistic effects of the two are still a challenge for researchers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of six weeks of Aerobic Training (AT) and Curcumin (Cu) consumption on adiponectin gene expression in the visceral adipose tissue and some anthropometric indicators of rats fed with High-Fat Diet (HFD).
Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 rats with HFD (1.5 mg/kg/day high-fat emulsion) were randomly divided into five groups, including: (1) Healthy Control (HC), (2) High-Fat Diet Control (HFD), (3) HFD+Cu, (4) HFD+AT, and (5) HFD+Cu+AT. Aerobic training was carried out for six weeks, five sessions per week and each session of training was performed 10-50 minutes at a speed of 25-30 meters per minute and a slope of 15 degrees. Also, curcumin was fed to rats by gavage in the amount of 1.5 mg/kg/day. One-way analysis of variance with Tukey's post hoc test was used to analyze adiponectin and ANCOVA test with Bonferroni's test was used to analyze BMI. Data were analyzed in Prism GraphPad PRISM 3.8.3 software (P≤0.05).
Results: Adiponectin gene expression levels in the HFD+AT, HFD+Cu and HFD+AT+Cu groups were significantly higher than the HFD group (P≥0.05). Weight and BMI levels in the HFD+AT and HFD+AT+Cu groups were significantly lower than the HFD (P≥0.05). Also, in the HFD+AT+Cu group, the weight and BMI levels were significantly lower and the adiponectin levels were significantly higher than the HFD+Cu group (P≥0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that exercise training and curcumin consumption both individually and synergistically can be effective in improving anthropometric characteristics by affecting adiponectin levels.he favorable effects of training and herbal supplements have been reported in this regard, the synergistic effects of the two are still a challenge for researchers.
Rahil Shahriari, Homa Sheikhani Shahin, Mehrzad Moghaddasi, Alireza Jowhari,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the prevalent metabolic diseases, and knowing its treatment methods is very important. This study investigates the effect of eight weeks of combined high-intensity interval training on intrahepatic FNDC5 protein and irisin in male rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
Methods: In this study, 40 rats aged 6 to 8 weeks were divided into two groups: healthy (n=20) and high-fat diet (HFD) (n=20). After eight weeks and assurance of disease induction, the HFD group was randomly divided into control-patient (n=9) and training-patient (n=9). Also, the healthy group was divided into control-healthy (n=9) and training-healthy (n=9). The training group rats performed HIIT in aquatic and land environments (Saturdays and Wednesdays in aquatic environments and Mondays on a treadmill). Western blot method was used to measure FNDC5 and irisin proteins, and the spectrophotometric method was used to measure liver enzymes (ALT and AST). One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's post hoc test (P<0.05) were used to determine the difference between groups.
Results: After eight weeks of combined high-intensity interval training, there was no significant difference in intrahepatic FNDC5 protein levels between the groups (P=0.125). Intrahepatic irisin protein levels significantly increased in the training-healthy group compared to the control-healthy group (P=0.046). Additionally, there was a significant increase in the training-patient group compared to the control-patient group (P=0.036) and a significant increase in the training-healthy group compared to the control-patient group (P=0.011).
Conclusion: In general, combined high-intensity interval training (aquatic + land) can increase intrahepatic irisin. Thus, this type of training can be considered one of the potential non-pharmacological options for treating NAS. However, more research is needed to reach definitive results.
