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Demographic features of children with external hydrocephalus at Taleghani educational & treatment center (2009-2011)
Sepideh Amouian, Safieh Kholus Makhtumi, Maryam Mohammad Khani, Mahin Nomali,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (10-2013)
Abstract

Background & objective: But its etiology is unknown. Based on deficiency of epidemiological studies, this study Family and genetic factors are effective on incidence of external hydrocephalus aimed to determine the demographic features of children with external hydrocephalus.

Methods: Referred to Taleghani tertiary hospital during 2009-2011 were assessed. Inclusion criteria In this retrospective descriptive study (2011), all records of children with external hydrocephalus was definite diagnosis of external hydrocephalus. Checklist was used for data collection. All data were entered to SPSS software (version 16) and were described by descriptive statistics.

Results: (48.8%), 32 cases born by cesarean section (78%), 31 cases (75.6%) with no consanguineous marriage of parents, 38 cases (92.7%) born at term gestational age, 24 cases (58.53%) with macrocephaly in family, 17 cases (41.5%) with hospitalization history, 39 cases (95.1) with normal birth weight were assessed. Mean of age and head circumference were 8.8±2.8 years and 35.15±1.5 cm, respectively. Increase of head circumference with 30.2 % was the most common complaint at referred time during health cares. 33 cases (80.5%) diagnosed based on CT scan and 11 cases (26.8%) had development delay. From 41 children included to the study, 33 boys (80.5%), 20 cases with Fars ethnicity

Conclusion: Of head circumference during health cares had the most frequency of external hydrocephalus. Much more attention to these children and early diagnosis and treatment is essential. Boys children with fars ethnicity, macrocephaly history, developmental delay and increase.


Comparing Cognitive Function in β-thalassemia major Children and Healthy Counterparts
Samaneh Homayouni-Meyamndi, Noormohammad Bakhshani,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (10-2015)
Abstract

Background and Objective: β-Thalassemia major is a chronic genetic disease which is determined with symptoms and signs of a chronic severe anemia. Children with β-Thalassemia major have several risk factors for cognitive problems. The purpose of this study was to compare the cognitive function in β-thalassemia major children and healthy counterparts.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 1391, using convenient sampling method in Zahedan and Shiraz cities. After matching children in terms of age, gender and city of residence, 40 children with β-thalassemia major and 40 matched healthy 6-12 year old children were compared using the independent t-test and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Revision (WISC-R) in terms of verbal understanding, organizing perceptual and freedom from distraction. Data were expressed in descriptive ways and independent t-test was used to analyze data using spss 18 software.

Results: Children with β-Thalassemia major gained low scores in the areas of verbal understanding (P=0.01) and freedom from distraction (P=0.01) significantly in comparison to healthy counterparts, but no significant difference was observed in the area of organizing perceptual index (P=0.29) not difference between the two groups.

Conclusion: Children with β-Thalassemia major do not necessarily face cognitive decline and are slightly lower than their healthy counterparts and require more attention in the field of education, to improve the quality of their knowledge.


Classification the Number of Children Ever Born using CART Model
Arezoo Bagheri, Mahsa Saadati,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (10-2015)
Abstract

Background and Objective: Discriminant analysis and logistic regression are classical methods for classifying data in several studies. However, these models do not lead in valid results due to not meeting all necessary assumptions. The purpose of this study was to classify the number of Children Ever Born (CEB) using decision tree model in order to present an efficient method to classify demographic data.

Methods: In the present study, CART tree model with Gini splitting rule was fitted to classify the number of CEB in fertility behavior of at least once married 15-49 year-old women, in Semnan-2012. 405 women aged 15-49 years old comprised the survey sample.

Results: Women in first and second birth cohorts who had married at an early age had 3 CEB while women who had married at an older age had 2 CEB. Women in third birth cohort who had married at an early age and were employed, had 2 CEB while unemployed women in this cohort whose type of marriages were familial and non-familial had 0 and 1 CEB respectively. Women in the third birth cohort who were married in older age had 1 CEB.

Conclusion: Among important advantages of CART model are the simplicity in interpretation, using distribution-free measures, considering missing data and outliers for construction trees which has increased the usage of this method. Therefore, this method is a suitable way for classifying demographic data in comparison to other classical modeling methods in the conditions that necessary assumptions are not met.


The effect of educational intervention based on health belief model on the damage caused by accidents among children less than 5 year old of women referred to health centers in Qorveh in 1392
Soheila Meimanat Abadi, Dr Fazlullah Ghofranipour, Dr Faegh Yousefi, Farhad Moradpour,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (5-2016)
Abstract

Background and Objectives: Damages caused by accidents are accounted as a major cause of death for children under 5 years old. To design preventive programs, health education theories could be employed. This study aimed to determine the effect of educational intervention based on health belief model on the damage caused by accidents in children less than 5 years in 1392 in Qorveh city.

Methods: The present randomized field trial study was conducted on 120 mothers with children less than 5 years who were supported by four different health centers. These centers were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. The effect of intervention was investigated using a standardized questionnaire including 85 items of health belief model structures. The questionnaires were completed using interviews by trained interviewers. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 19.0, independent and two-tailed samples t-test.

Results: We found that there were positive and significant differences in terms of knowledge, intensity, perceived barriers and self-efficacy between two groups after intervention (P<0.05). Average differences before and after the intervention and the average scores were significantly different in all cases (P<0.05). There was a significant difference regarding the mild injuries among children under five years between the two groups after intervention (P=0.023).

Conclusion: Our results showed that education on the basis of health belief model, as one of the theories of health education, has positive effects on the promotion of safety knowledge, attitude change and improving the function of mothers over damaged children lower than 5 years and consequently the promotion of health and safety among children.


Comparing the number of children ever born (CEB) of rural and urban migrant women to Tehran by regression tree model
Dr Mahsa Saadati,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (10-2017)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Migration, in any forms and by any motivations or outcomes, as a demographic phenomenon, has various cultural and socio-economic effects on local, regional, national and international levels. On the other hand, fertility plays an important role in health and population studies and researchers have examined its changes and trends in various aspects. The aim of this research was modeling the mean number of children ever born (CEB) for women who have left their cities or villages and migrated to Tehran city using regression tree model.
Methods: Data was obtained from 2% of raw data from the census of 2011 and analyzed by regression tree model. Tree models are nonparametric statistical techniques which do not need complicated and unreachable assumptions of traditional parametric ones and have a considerable accuracy of modeling. These models are associated with simple interpretation of results. Therefore, they have been used by researches in many fields such as social sciences.
Results: Age, educational level, job status, cause of migration, internet use for urban migrant women and age for rural migrant women were assumed as influential covariates in predicting the mean number of CEB.
Conclusion: Regression tree findings revealed that urban migrants who were in higher age groups, lower educational levels, unemployed and have not used internet have had more mean number of CEBs.

Investigating the Effectiveness of Physical Activity on Sleep Quality in Women with Natural Childbirth and Cesarean Section
Abdossaleh Zar, Fatemeh Ahmadi,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (7-2020)
Abstract
Background and objective: Pregnancy, childbirth, and motherhood are processes that have important social and emotional consequences for every woman.  The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of physical activity on sleep quality of women with Natural Childbirth and cesarean section.
Material and Methods: Among women referred to Jahrom Health Center in the year 2017-2018 who had childbirth.  210 volunteers were included in the study (110 normal deliveries, 100 cesarean sections). They were divided into active and inactive groups based on their physical activity. The Petersburg sleep questionnaire was used for data collection.
Results: There was a significant difference between the two groups in daily performance variables (p = 0.005) and total sleep quality score (p = 0.001). It was also found that active women with cesarean section had better condition than inactive women with cesarean section. There was a significant difference between the two groups in the variables of sleep disorders (p = 0.005) and total sleep quality score (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: Exercise and physical activity can have a positive effect on the quality of sleep after postpartum and cesarean section. Findings can inform interventions designed to improve postpartum sleep via increasing opportunities for exercise among postpartum women.

Evaluation of Satisfaction with the Health System Transformation Plan in the Seventh Axis of Promoting Natural Childbirth
Ehsan Ameri, Ali Farhadi Mahali, Mojtaba Tabari, Alireza Matoufi,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (12-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objective: The rate of cesarean section has been increasing in many regions of the world, including Iran in recent years. Therefore, the seventh axis of the health system development plan was dedicated to promoting natural childbirth at hospitals of Iran to improve the health of mothers and infants and reduce the rate of cesarean section. The present study aimed to analyze the policy gap of the health system development plan in the axis of promoting natural childbirth.
Material and Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 384 employees, medical staff and physicians in the field of education, health and treatment at Golestan University of Medical Sciences using simple random sampling. The data collection tool included a 35-item researcher-made questionnaire. After confirmation of its validity by supervisors and advisors, its reliability was obtained to be 0.84 by Cronbach's alpha test, indicating the reliability of the questionnaire. We distributed and collected the questionnaires in 6 months from the September to the December of 2020, and analyzed data using SPSS 22.
Results: In the seventh axis of the health system development plan, there was a gap of
-0.004 between the current and desired status, indicating that the gap between the current and desired status was close to the center axis and in the field of cooperation in the statistical population of the study.
Conclusion: Implementation of a plan to promote natural childbirth was effective in reducing the rate of cesarean section and encouraging pregnant mothers to give natural childbirth but the effectiveness was not enough to achieve the goals of the seventh axis of the plan. Therefore, the factors, which caused the lack of cooperation between the executive departments of the University of Medical Sciences, must be eliminated for creating effectiveness.

Impact of motor developmental stimulatory training of the mothers on motor development of healthy full-term infants aged 6 months
Asieh Sadat Baniaghil, Masoumeh Helalian, Zahra Valinezhad , Nasser Behnampour,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (4-2024)
Abstract
Background: The first 6 to 8 months of a human baby's life are among the most crucial periods of development. Mothers can enhance an infant's development by offering environments rich in appropriate stimuli. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of motor developmental stimulatory training on mothers' motor development (fine and gross) in healthy, full-term, 6-month-old infants.
Methods: This experimental study was conducted 2016 on 72 mothers and their healthy six-month-old infants in Gorgan (Iran). The block randomization method assigned participants to the intervention (n=36) and control (n=36) groups. The motor developmental stimulatory training program was performed for five 90-minute weekly sessions by a midwifery consultant for children's mothers. The fine and gross motor development of infants in both groups was evaluated before the intervention, in the end, and two weeks after the intervention by a research assistant using the Denver-II tool. The data were analyzed using the Friedman and the Mann- Whitney U Tests using SPSS software version 26.
Results: At the beginning of the study, infants’ mean fine motor skills scores were 6.22±0.47 in the intervention group and 6.05±0.43 in the control group, showing no significant difference. Likewise, the mean gross motor skills scores were 6.65±0.52 for the intervention group and 5.7±0.42 for the control group, which was also insignificant (< 0.0116). However, by the end of the training, the mean ages for fine motor skills in the intervention group rose to 9.41±0.75 compared to 7.51±0.42 in the control group, and two weeks later, they were 11.43±0.49 in the intervention group against 8.64±0.54 in the control group, with these differences being significant (P-value < 0.0001). The mean ages for gross motor skills at the end of the training were 7.94±0.61 in the intervention group and 6.7±0.34 in the control group, and two weeks later, 9.3±0.47 in the intervention group compared to 7.46±0.55 in the control group, which was also significant (P-value < 0.0001).
Conclusion: Developmental stimulatory training significantly improves 6-mount infants' gross and fine motor skills. Midwifery consultants can educate mothers about the motor development stimulation package so that they can use it to enhance the fine and gross motor skills of their healthy infant.
 

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