Jorjani Biomedicine Journal

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Background and Objective: Human development is influenced by genetic, environmental, and social factors whose foundation is formed from infancy and childhood. Preterm birth and low birth weight are important issues that can affect the development and threaten the public health.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of early exercise interventions on gross motor skills of children with preterm birth aged 3 to 6 years.
Material and Methods: In this Experimental study, 30 children with average (2066 ±354g) were selected from among the preterm infants (32 to 37 weeks less than 2500 g) admitted to NICU ward. They were divided into two groups (experimental group n=15 and control group n=15 children).To evaluate the gross motor skills of children, the second version of the Peabody developmental motor scale was used. The results were analyzed by SPSS using ANCOVA test (p≤0.05).
Results: The results of this study showed that early interventions can have a positive effect on the gross motor skills of these children and the participants in the experimental group were able to obtain higher scores than the control group after participating in the training program.
Conclusion: The results showed that training interventions have a significant effect on both stability and locomotion skills.

Background and Objective: The rate of cesarean section has been increasing in many regions of the world, including Iran in recent years. Therefore, the seventh axis of the health system development plan was dedicated to promoting natural childbirth at hospitals of Iran to improve the health of mothers and infants and reduce the rate of cesarean section. The present study aimed to analyze the policy gap of the health system development plan in the axis of promoting natural childbirth.
Material and Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 384 employees, medical staff and physicians in the field of education, health and treatment at Golestan University of Medical Sciences using simple random sampling. The data collection tool included a 35-item researcher-made questionnaire. After confirmation of its validity by supervisors and advisors, its reliability was obtained to be 0.84 by Cronbach's alpha test, indicating the reliability of the questionnaire. We distributed and collected the questionnaires in 6 months from the September to the December of 2020, and analyzed data using SPSS 22.
Results: In the seventh axis of the health system development plan, there was a gap of
-0.004 between the current and desired status, indicating that the gap between the current and desired status was close to the center axis and in the field of cooperation in the statistical population of the study.
Conclusion: Implementation of a plan to promote natural childbirth was effective in reducing the rate of cesarean section and encouraging pregnant mothers to give natural childbirth but the effectiveness was not enough to achieve the goals of the seventh axis of the plan. Therefore, the factors, which caused the lack of cooperation between the executive departments of the University of Medical Sciences, must be eliminated for creating effectiveness.