Showing 12 results for Aerobic Exercise
Fariba Rasannezhad, Asieh Abbassi Daloii, Javad Ziaolhagh, Phd Ahmad Abdi,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (7-2024)
Abstract
Background and objectives: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise and psilocybin after methamphetamine induction on the gene expression of some cerebral cortex semaphorins in female Wistar rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 40 female rats were placed in five groups; control (C), amphetamine (A), amphetamine-aerobic (AA), amphetamine-psilocybin (AP), amphetamine-psilocybin-aerobic (AAP). Methamphetamine was injected at a dose of 15 mg/kg for 5 days in the morning. Psilocybin was injected at a dose of 1mg/kg. The aerobic training program included running on a treadmill at 20-25 m/min, three days a week for eight weeks. After eight weeks, the genes expression was measured by Real Time PCR method. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test at a significance level of P<0.05.
Results: The results showed that the average gene expression of semaphorin 3A, semaphorin 4A and semaphorin 7A in the cerebral cortex of the A group had a significant increase compared to the C group(P=0.001). AA, AP and AAP groups showed a significant decrease in the average expression of semaphorin 3A and semaphorin 4A genes compared to the A group(P=0.001). AAP group had a significant decrease in the average expression of semaphorin 3A gene compared to AA and AP groups(P=0.001). Also, the AAP group showed a significant decrease in semaphorin 7A compared to the AP group(P=0.007).
Conclusion: According to the results, aerobic training and psilocybin supplementation can help reduce semaphorins in the cerebral cortex in rats induced with methamphetamine.
Seyyede Zolaikha Hashemi Chashmi, Valiollah Dabidi Roshan, Sohail Azizi,
Volume 10, Issue 5 (9-2016)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anticancer drug. It has been shown that a short-term exercise performed prior to DOX-treatment has no effect on cardiotoxicity in young rats. In the present study, old and young rats were evaluated to determine the protective effects of pre-treatment with short-term exercise on DOX-induced oxidative damage in cardiac tissue.
Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups of young and old, and later divided into three sub-groups of young+DOX, young+training+DOX, young+training+salin, old+DOX, old+training+DOX and old+training+salin. The training protocol included treadmill running for 25-39 min/day at 15-17 m/min, 5 days/week for three weeks. All treatments were carried out 24h after the last exercise bout. The rats were sacrificed 48h
after DOX administration.
Results: Although DOX injection significantly affected the cardiac tissue of old rats compared to young rats, pretreatment with endurance training in DOX-treated rats caused an increase in Heat shock protein (3.02% vs. 23.36) and superoxide dismutase (30.12% vs. 31.12), and a decrease in malondialdehyde (10.92% vs. 19.60) in both old and young rats.
Conclusion: Although DOX-induced production of free radicals and cardiotoxicity in aged rats is more than that in young rats, the short-term aerobic exercise reduced the damaging effects of free radicals in the old rats more than in young ones. The concentration of antioxidant enzymes also increases with exercise in the old rats compared to young rats.
Keywords: Cardiotoxicity, Doxorubicin, Oxidative Stress, Aerobic Exercise.
Nahid Bijeh, Asra Askari , Saeed Ramezani, Babisan Askari,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (1-2018)
Abstract
Background and objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise on serum iron, serum ferritin, platelet count, mean platelet volume, and some immunity indices in non-athlete females.
- In this study, 30 non-athlete females aged 30-45 years were randomly divided into an experimental and a control group. The experimental group was subjected to perform aerobic exercise at 60-70% of maximal heart rate for eight weeks, three sessions per week and one hour per session. Blood parameters were measured before the exercise program and after the completion of program by taking 2 ml blood samples from the venous vein of the participants in the sitting position. Finally, t-test was used to compare the pre-test and post-test means of each group and independent t-test was used to compare the two groups at significance of 0.05.
- : After eight weeks of aerobic exercise, there was a significant increase in mean platelet volume and a significant decrease in serum iron and ferritin levels in the experimental group (P <0.05). There was a slight decrease in the number of platelets, white blood cells, granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes (P<0.05).
Conclusion: We recommend physical education instructors, athletes and non-athletes to consider iron supplementation during aerobic exercise, and modify appropriate training intensity based on the fitness and age of trainees to prevent risk of anemia.
KEYWORDS: Aerobic exercise, platelet, iron, ferritin, white blood cell.
Mahtab Moazzami , Asra Askari ,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (3-2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of six months of aerobic exercise on lipid profile, inflammatory markers, and risk factors of cardiovascular disease in middle-aged obese women.
Methods: Fifteen obese woman (age range: 35 to 45 years) with BMI of ≥30 Kg/m2 were enrolled via purposeful and convenience sampling. The participants were randomly divided into training (n=10) and control (n=5) groups. Blood samples (7 ml) were taken from all participants before the first training session and after the last training session. The women performed 60 minutes of aerobic exercise at 55-65% of heart rate reserve, three sessions a week, for six months. Data was analyzed using independent and paired t-tests and Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests at significance of 0.05.
Results: After the six-month aerobic exercise, C-reactive protein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein/total cholesterol decreased significantly. The exercise intervention also caused a significant increase in the concentrations of high-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein A.
Conclusion: Aerobic exercise can reduce the level of inflammatory markers associated with risk of cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis.
Keywords: Lipid profile, Inflammatory markers, Obese women, Apolipoprotein, Aerobic exercise.
Farida Fazel , Artmis Naghibzadeh , Reza Mohammad Ramezanpour , Reza Bagheri , Azar Hamidi , Amir Rashidlamir,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (5-2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Coronary heart disease has a direct correlation with plasma levels of Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and an inverse relationship with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level. This study aimed at comparing effect of eight weeks of aerobic training with and without green coffee supplementation on serum ApoB level and atherogenic indices of overweight men.
Methods: Thirty overweight men were randomly divided into two groups: training + green coffee supplementation (T+G; n=15) and training + placebo (T+P; n=15). Participants in both groups performed aerobic training, three sessions per week for eight weeks. Initial exercise intensity was set at 50% of maximum heart rate but gradually increased to 75% of maximum heart rate in the last two weeks. In a single-blind design, the subjects in the T+G group received a 400 mg capsule of green coffee bean extract one hour before each exercise session. The T+P group received placebo at the same time. Paired sample t-test and independent t-test were used to compare intra-group and inter-group variations, respectively. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (version 22) at significance level of 0.05.
Results: ApoB, LDL/HDL and total cholesterol/HDL decreased significantly in both groups. However, the changes were more notable in the T+G group compared to the T+P group.
Conclusion: The eight-week training program along with green coffee supplementation has positive effects on serum ApoB and atherogenic indices of overweight, inactive men. Therefore, it can be suggested as a non-pharmacological method of preventing cardiovascular disease.
Keywords: Aerobic exercise, green coffee, Overweight, Apolipoprotein b.
Somayeh Ramezani, Maghsoud Peeri, Mohammad Ali Azarbaijani, Firoozeh Dehghan,
Volume 13, Issue 5 (9-2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Exercise is a strong physiological stimulus that can affect apoptosis in the lungs by altering a number of extracellular and intracellular signaling pathways. The present study examined effects of regular aerobic exercise and vitamin D on expression of Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 in lung tissues of male rats exposed to hydrogen peroxide.
Methods: Forty-eight adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into six groups of eight, including 2 x H 2 O 2, 2H 2 O 2, Vit D (2HD), 2H2O2 + Regular Exercise Training (2HE), 2H2O2 + D3 + E (2HDE) ; Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and control (C). Subjects in the training groups performed aerobic exercise for eight weeks. Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3 expression in the lung tissues was measured using RT-PCR.
Results: Bcl-2 expression in the exercise (P = 0.004) and vitamin D (P = 0.006) groups increased significantly compared to the control groups. Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 expression was significantly lower in the exercise group and vitamin D supplementation group compared to the control group. On the other hand, concurrent exercise and vitamin D significantly reduce Bax expression but had no significant effect on Bcl-2 and caspase-3 expression.
Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that regular aerobic exercise along with vitamin D supplementation may play a role in reducing apoptosis in lungs following severe oxidative stress.
Keywords: Apoptosis, Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase3, Aerobic Exercise, Vitamin D
Reza Bagheri, Samane Darroudi, S Mojtaba Hosseini, Hossein Nikkar, Fatemeh Khodadadi, Somayye Kasraee, Mahbube Sazegar, Amir Rashidlamir,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (5-2020)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in industrialized countries. High level of plasma lipids including cholesterol and triglycerides is one of the most important risk factors of atherosclerosis. Previous studies have shown that three members of the ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G (ABCG4, ABCG5 and ABCG8) are involved in transporting sterols across membranes. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of high-intensity resistance training (HIRT) and aerobic exercise (AE) on expression of the ABCG4, ABCG5 and ABCG8 genes in female athletes.
Methods: Twenty-four female athletes from the Khorasan Province (Iran) were randomly selected and assigned into three groups: control (N=8), AE (N=8) and HIRT (N=8). The subjects in the HIRT group and the AE group performed exercise at intensity of 75-80% of 1-repetion maximum and 75-80% of maximum heart rate, respectively. Blood samples were collected at baseline and immediately after the exercise session. After isolation of lymphocytes by centrifugation and purification of mRNA, gene expression changes were investigated by Real-Time-PCR. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the Tukey's test.
Results: Both training protocols significantly increased the expression of ABCG4, ABCG5 and ABCG8 in the subjects (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the expression of these genes between the experimental groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: A single session of HIRT and AE may have beneficial effects on prevention of atherosclerosis.
Mohtaram Yazdanian, Mahtab Moazzami, Mohammad Shabani, Sadegh Cheragh Birjandi,
Volume 14, Issue 5 (9-2020)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Cerebral ischemia causes irreversible structural and functional damages in certain areas of the brain, especially the hippocampus. Evidence indicates that physical exercise may reduce the damages caused by cerebral ischemia. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 8-week exercise preconditioning on the expression of NT-3 and TrkC genes in the CA1 region of the hippocampus after the cerebral ischemic-reperfusion in male rats.
Methods: Twenty-one male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 gr were randomly selected and divided into three groups (healthy control, control + ischemia and exercise + ischemia). Rats in the exercise group ran on a treadmill 5 days per week for 8 weeks. Ischemia by occlusion of both common carotid arteries (CCA) was created for 45 minutes. In order to evaluate the gene expression, Real time PCR technique was used.
Findings: NT-3 gene expression was significantly different between exercise + ischemia with control + ischemia groups and control + ischemia with healthy control groups (P <0.05), and TrkC gene expression was significantly different between exercise + ischemia with healthy control groups and control + ischemia with healthy control groups (P <0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that exercise before the induction of ischemic stroke increased the NT-3 gene expression but did not influence the TrKC gene expression.
Seyed Mahmud Hejazi, Ladan Hosseni Abrishami,
Volume 14, Issue 5 (9-2020)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Evidence has shown that inflammatory mediators play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of eight weeks of continuous and intermittent aerobic exercise on some inflammatory indices in men with heart failure.
Methods: The effects of continuous aerobic exercise (at 45-70% maximum heart rate) and intermittent aerobic exercise (at 45-80% of maximum heart rate) on the level of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) were evaluated in 42 men with heart failure using commercial ELISA kits. Blood samples were taken after 12 hours of fasting one hour before the first session and 48 hours after the last exercise session. The subjects performed exercises three sessions a week, for eight weeks. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA at significance of 0.05.
Results: After the exercise program, serum hs-CRP (P=0.023), IL-6 (P=0.018) and TNF-α (P=0.048) differed significantly between the exercise groups and the control group. In addition, serum levels of IL-6 and hs-CRP decreased slightly in the intermittent aerobic group, but there was no significant difference between the two exercise groups. Intermittent aerobic exercise significantly reduced serum TNF-α level compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Probably aerobic exercise can have positive effects on the level of hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α in patients with heart failure.
Mehdi Nasiraey, Abdolreza Jafari Chashmi, Seyd Abdollah Hashemvarzi,
Volume 14, Issue 6 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and objectives: It has been suggested that irisin and fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) can increase energy expenditure, promote weight loss and improve insulin resistance in diabetic patients by affecting white and brown adipose tissues. In this study, we investigate effect of adipose tissue-derived stem cell transplantation and six weeks of aerobic exercise on FNDC5 and irisin levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Methods: Forty-eight rats (weighing 220-240 g and aged nine weeks) were divided into six groups of control, sham, diabetes control, diabetes + exercise, diabetes + stem cell and diabetes+ exercise + stem cell. The exercise group ran on running wheel at intensity of 60-70% VO2max, five days a week for six weeks. Next, 1.56 × 106 stem cells extracted from human adipose tissue were injected into the tail vein of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Finally, FNDC5 and irisin plasma levels of the mice were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
Results: FNDC5 and irisin levels reduced significantly in the diabetes control group (P=0.0001). FNDC5 levels in the diabetes + exercise + stem cell and the exercise group increased significantly compared to the diabetes control group (P=0.0001). The irisin level in the diabetes + stem cell + exercise group, exercise group and stem cell group increased significantly compared to the diabetes control group (P=0.0001).
Conclusion: The results indicate that aerobic exercise program and stem cell therapy alone and combined can significantly increase plasma irisin levels. Given the favorable effects of adipose tissue-derived stem cell injection and aerobic exercise on FNDC5 and irisin levels, this strategy could be further evaluated in coping with the adverse effects of diabetes on metabolism and aging
Aghil Sadighi, Ahmad Abdi, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani, Alireza Barari,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Cardiac apoptosis is one of the most important cardiovascular complications of diabetes. We aimed to investigate the changes of Bax, Bcl2 and caspase 3 in cardiac tissue of diabetic rats after six weeks aerobic exercise.
Methods: Thirty two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into healthy control, diabetes control and diabetes + exercise groups. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin solution (55 mg/kg). Two weeks after the injection, fasting blood glucose levels were measured to confirm induction of diabetes. The exercise program was performed five days a week for six weeks. Variables were evaluated by ELISA and western blot analysis. All statistical analyses were performed in SPSS (version 22) using ANOVA and at significance of 0.05.
Results: The induction of diabetes in the control groups resulted in a significant increase in Bax, Bax/Bcl2 ratio and a significant decrease in Bcl2 levels (P=0.024). The six-week training exercise in diabetic groups significantly decreased Bax and Bax/Bcl2 ratio and significantly increased Bcl2 (P=0.018).
Conclusion: Our finding showed that diabetes could increase apoptosis in cardiac tissue. In addition, the six-week aerobic exercise can be used as a non-pharmacological strategy to reduce diabetes-related apoptosis in cardiomyocytes.
Mazaher Habibnezhad, Babisan Askari, Saqqa Farajtabar Behrestaq, Asra Askari,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (7-2023)
Abstract
Mazaher Habibnezhad 
,
Babisan Askari ,
Saqqa Farajtabar Behrestaq ,
Asra Askari
Background: This study investigated the impact of a 3-week detraining period, followed by 10 weeks of aerobic training, on the serum levels of osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in asthmatic males.
Methods: Thirty adult males with asthma were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group engaged in a 10-week aerobic training program, which included running sessions 3 times per week for 30-60 minutes each, maintaining a target heart rate range of 55%-75% of their maximum heart rate (HRmax). In contrast, the control subjects did not participate in any exercise activities during the study period. Fasting blood samples were obtained at baseline, after aerobic training, and after detraining to measure the levels of osteocalcin and ALP in both groups.
Results: The 10-week aerobic training program led to a significant increase in levels of osteocalcin and ALP in the experimental group, but following the detraining period, these variables returned to their pre-training levels.
Conclusion: The effectiveness of continuous aerobic training on bone formation markers in asthmatic patients will disappear after a relatively short period of detraining. This evidence emphasizes the lack of stopping aerobic exercise in the presence of inhaled corticosteroids with the aim of improving bone metabolism in asthmatic patients.
