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Background and objectives: Vascular senescence refers to specific aging-associated changes in the endothelial cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of 12 weeks of resistance training with elastic bands on circulating endothelial cell-derived microRNA-92a and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in elderly women with osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO).
Methods: In the present randomized clinical trial, 48 elderly women with OSO were randomly divided into a control group (n=22) and an experimental group (n=26). The subjects in the intervention group performed 12 weeks of resistance training with elastic bands three times a week. The participants became familiar with targeted number of repetitions and OMNI-resistance exercise scale to control exercise intensity.
Results: The mean age, body fat percentage, body mass index (BMI), and bone mineral density T-score for the hip and L1-L4 lumbar spine of the subjects were 64.13±3.68 years, 45.4%±6.56, 33.1±3.71 kg/m², and -1.86±1.42, respectively. After the 12-week resistance training, we observed a significant decrease in serum level of mir-92a in the experimental group compared to the control group (p=0.03). However, there was no significant difference between the study groups in terms of body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, total cholesterol, and ET-1 (p≥0.05).
Conclusion: The 12-week resistance training program seems to modulate and decrease serum mir-92a expression in elderly women with OSO. The lack of a significant change in BMI, body fat percentage, and ET-1 levels following the exercise training might be due to the type and intensity of the exercises.

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Background and objectives: Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. It is the most common chronic metabolic bone disease. The purpose of this study was to compare the level of bone metabolic markers including parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium, and phosphorus between female basketball players and non-athlete females.
Methods: Twelve female professional basketball players (aged 20-35 years) of the Super League of Golestan Province (Iran) were enrolled as the experimental group. Fifteen age-matched non-athlete females were also selected as the control group. Plasma levels of PTH, ALP, calcium, and phosphorus were compared between the study groups.
Results: The levels of PTH (p=0.004) and ALP (p=0.001) were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. The levels of calcium and phosphorus did not differ significantly between the study groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results, it could be stated that performing weight-bearing sports activities such as basketball can improve the density of bone minerals and the factors stimulating bone formation.

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Mazaher Habibnezhad , Babisan Askari , Saqqa Farajtabar Behrestaq , Asra Askari
Background: This study investigated the impact of a 3-week detraining period, followed by 10 weeks of aerobic training, on the serum levels of osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in asthmatic males.
Methods: Thirty adult males with asthma were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group engaged in a 10-week aerobic training program, which included running sessions 3 times per week for 30-60 minutes each, maintaining a target heart rate range of 55%-75% of their maximum heart rate (HRmax). In contrast, the control subjects did not participate in any exercise activities during the study period. Fasting blood samples were obtained at baseline, after aerobic training, and after detraining to measure the levels of osteocalcin and ALP in both groups.
Results: The 10-week aerobic training program led to a significant increase in levels of osteocalcin and ALP in the experimental group, but following the detraining period, these variables returned to their pre-training levels.
Conclusion: The effectiveness of continuous aerobic training on bone formation markers in asthmatic patients will disappear after a relatively short period of detraining. This evidence emphasizes the lack of stopping aerobic exercise in the presence of inhaled corticosteroids with the aim of improving bone metabolism in asthmatic patients.