Showing 13 results for Neoplasms
Shima Akbari Rad , Hamid Reza Joshaghani, Masoud Khoshnia , S.mehran Hosseini ,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (7-2016)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Esophageal cancer is the third most common type of cancer in Iran. Studies on water, soil, grains, waste and sediments in Golestan Province have shown that the environmental concentrations of antimony and strontium are increased in areas with high incidence rate for cancer. The carcinogenic effects of strontium have been reported, but carcinogenicity of antimony is still unclear. Since there is not enough information regarding the relationship between the concentration of strontium and antimony and prevalence of esophageal cancer in the province, this study aimed to evaluate serum levels of these elements in patients with esophageal cancer using atomic absorption spectroscopy.
Methods: This study was performed on 30 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 30 healthy matched controls. After sampling, concentrations of strontium and antimony were measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy.
Results: Half of the esophageal cancer patients and control participants were male. The mean age of patients and controls was 66 ± 13 and 64 ± 8 years, respectively. The mean serum concentration of strontium in patients and controls was 24.18 ± 1.62 and 24.08 ± 1.46 μg/L, respectively. The mean serum concentration of antimony in patients and controls was 18.61 ± 1.48 and 18.98 ± 1.93 μg/L, respectively. No statistically significant difference was observed between the serum concentrations of the two elements in patients and controls.
Conclusion: There is no difference between serum levels of strontium and antimony in cancer patients and healthy controls, which could be due to tissue accumulation.
Keywords: Antimony, Strontium, Esophageal Neoplasms.
Masoud Sheikh , Hamid Reza Eshraghi, Masoud Khoshnia, Masoumeh Mazandarani, Abdolvahab Moradi,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (7-2017)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Capparis spinosa has been used in traditional medicine for various applications including treatment of liver disorders and cancer. We studied the effects of this plant on cell proliferation and morphological characteristics of
PLC/PRF/5 liver cancer cell line.
Methods: After preparing ethanolic extract of the plant, the inhibitory effect of the extract was assessed using MTT assay, and morphological changes were assessed by an inverted microscope.
Results: C. spinosa ethanolic extract exhibited anti-cancer effects in a concentration-dependent manner. Half-maximal inhibitory concentration of the extract was 1051±4.21 mg/mL. Morphological changes including cell shrinkage, reduction of cell volume and nuclear condensation confirmed the inhibitory effect of
C. spinosa on
PLC/PRF/5 cells.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, extract of C. spinosa seems to be suitable for prevention and treatment of liver cancer. Further studies on animal models could verify the efficiency of the extract against cancer cells.
KEYWORDS: Plants, Medicinal, Capparis spinosa, Liver Neoplasms.
Behnaz Vanaky, Nader Shakeri, Hojat Allah Nikbakht, Parvin Farzanegi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (5-2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women. Cardiovascular disease is one of the most important complications of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of six weeks of swimming on malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in the heart tissue of mice with breast cancer.
Method: Breast cancer was induced in 30 female Balb/c mice (6-8 weeks old, weighing 150-200 g) by tumor transplantation. The tumor site was examined every day for the formation or absence of tumor. After becoming familiar with the laboratory environment and swimming pool, the subjects were randomly divided into three equal groups: 1. healthy control, 2. cancer control, and 3. swimming-cancer. The swimming group performed swimming training 60 minutes/day, five days a week, for six weeks. After the intervention, the levels of SOD and MDA in the heart tissue samples were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were analyzed in SPSS (version 16) using independent t-test at significance of 0.05
.
Results: The results showed that induction of breast cancer was accompanied by a significant increase in MDA and a significant decrease in SOD in the heart tissue of mice. Participation in the six-week swimming significantly reversed these effects
.
Conclusion: Swimming could have beneficial effects in improving oxidative factors in breast cancer patients.
Keywords:
Breast Neoplasms, Heart, Malondialdehyde, Superoxide Dismutase, Swimming.
Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei , Zahra Pezeshkian, Meghdad Abdollahpour-Alitappeh , Ehsan Nazemalhosseini Mojarad , Mohammad Reza Zali,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (7-2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Colorectal cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Most colorectal cancers begin as a growth of tissue called a polyp, some types of which can change into cancer over the course of several years. Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is known to play a key role in the initiation, growth and progression of polyp and colorectal cancer. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms involved in colorectal cancer and polyp angiogenesis.
Keywords: Colorectal Neoplasms, Polyps, Angiogenesis
Mr Sharafudeen Dahiru Abubakar,
Volume 13, Issue 6 (11-2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Spectral karyotyping is a novel method for the simultaneous visualization of the entire chromosomes of an organism by painting the chromosomes using a combination of fluorochromes. This allows improved identification of chromosomal aberrations that cannot be identified by conventional banding methods. Since introduction of cancer as a disease of the genome, researchers have employed various molecular techniques for a better understanding of malignancies. This review discusses the role and contributions of spectral karyotyping in the study and characterization of both solid and hematological malignancies.
Keywords: Spectral karyotyping; Neoplasms; Chromosomes.
Abdolrasoul Hakim Elahi, Rasoul Sharifi, Minoo Mahmoodi, Seyed Mehrdad Kassaee,
Volume 14, Issue 5 (9-2020)
Abstract
Background and objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of octopine (phytogenic-derivative of arginine) on antioxidant indices, trace elements and lipid profiles of a mouse model of breast cancer.
Methods: In this study, 48 Balb/c mice were divided into six groups: healthy control, cancer control, cancer group receiving 50 mg of octopine, cancer group receiving 100 mg of octopine and cancer group receiving 150 mg of octopine. The octopine treatment was carried out for three weeks. The 4T1 cell line was used to induce cancer. Fasting blood samples were taken from mice to evaluate lipid profile, copper and zinc levels. Malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity in breast tumor tissues was evaluated. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18 software using one-way ANOVA and t-test.
Results: Octopine had no significant effect on superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity in the treatment group compared with the control cancer group. However, it significantly increased total antioxidant capacity and decreased malondialdehyde activities. Furthermore, treatment with octopine significantly decreased serum zinc, copper, TG, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels but significantly increased high-density lipoprotein compared with the untreated cancer group.
Conclusion: Octopine administration is effective in reducing some oxidative stress indices and improving trace elements abnormalities and lipid profile in mouse models of breast cancer.
Mohammad Arefi, Abbas Abdollahi, Ayyoob Khosravi, Abdolavahab Moradi, Seyed Hamid Aghaee-Bakhtiari, Naimeh Javid, Mehdi Evazalipour, Anvarsadat Kianmehr,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (3-2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in the world. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have potential as diagnostic biomarkers for various diseases including cancer. This study was undertaken to investigate expression of miR-21 before and after surgery in patients with hereditary CRC.
Methods: After collecting blood samples from 39 patients and 39 healthy controls, total RNA was extracted by the TRIzol method. Following cDNA synthesis, expression of miR-21 in serum of subjects was evaluated using real-time PCR, along with two reference genes, let-7d and let-7g. The real-time expression results and Ct values were collected and analyzed based on the 2-∆∆ct method.
Results: In spite of tumor removal, serum miR-21 expression levels was significantly higher in hereditary CRC patients compared with controls (P=0.022).
Conclusion: Our results confirmed that samples from hereditary cases of CRC must not be included in experiments on the diagnostic potential of miRNAs.
Boshra Haghi, Marie Saghaeian Jazi, Mahdi Zarie, Ayyoob Khosravi, Mahboubeh Tajaldini, Jahanbakhsh Asadi,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (3-2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Docetaxel is a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used for treatment of many cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Docetaxel induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and ultimately cell death. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of docetaxel on YM1 cells considering exposure time and dose.
Methods: After calculating the doubling time of YM1 cells, the anti-proliferative effect of different concentrations of docetaxel
() [A1] after 24, 48 and 72 hours was assessed by the standard colorimetric assay. In addition, the effect of docetaxel on cell cycle was evaluated by flow cytometry.
Results: The results showed that docetaxel toxicity was not significant until 24 hours at the tested concentrations (P>0.05). In addition, the effect of docetaxel on the cells was time-dependent at all tested concentrations. Overall, the duration of exposure to docetaxel had more significant role in docetaxel toxicity in YM1 cells compared to concentration.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the cytotoxicity of docetaxel on YM1 cells is time-dependent.
[A1]Please write the concentrations
Ahmad Hamta, Maliheh Hosseinpour, Majid Komijani,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (7-2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in women. Cytokines regulate the intensity and continuity of immune response by balancing cell-mediated immunity and humoral responses. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between two polymorphisms of the interleukin-16 (IL-16) gene and risk of breast cancer.
Methods: Blood samples were collected from 80 breast cancer patients and 80 healthy individuals. Polymorphisms rs11556218 T/G and rs4072111 C/T were investigated by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-PCR). Then, genotype and allele frequency distributions were evaluated in each group using the SPSS software (version 24).
Results: The frequency of genotype rs11556218 differed significantly between the patients and controls (P=0.007). The TG genotype (odds ratio [OR]= 2.471, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.229-4.965, P= 0.001) and total TG+GG genotypes (OR= 3.095, 95% CI: 1.624-5.899, P= 0.001) had a significant relationship with increased risk for breast cancer. The allele and genotype frequencies of rs4072111 C/T polymorphism did not differ significantly between the patients and controls.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the rs11556218 T/G polymorphism of the IL-16 gene may be associated with susceptibility to breast cancer.
Jasmin Mulani, Bhalchandra Murhar, Rajesh Jambhulkar, Gyanshankar Mishra,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Prolactin is a lactogenic protein hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that initiates and maintains lactation in mammals. Previous research has linked increased serum prolactin levels to breast cancer. However, there is a paucity of studies in the Indian population on the subject. The present study evaluated and compared serum prolactin levels in patients with breast cancer and patients with benign breast diseases.
Methods: This cross-sectional, comparative study was carried out at the Government Medical College, Nagpur (India) on patients with breast diseases in the out-patient department/in-patient department from June 2018 to November 2020. Breast cancer patients were considered cases, and those with benign breast diseases were considered controls. Breast carcinoma diagnosis was based on clinical features, fine needle aspiration cytology, and tissue histopathology in operated specimens for each patient. Fasting serum prolactin levels were measured by the chemiluminescence immunoassay method using the Advia Centaur immunoassay system.
Results: There were 120 female patients with breast diseases, of whom 60 had breast malignancy, and 60 had benign breast diseases. The mean age of patients with benign breast disease and breast cancer was 33.17 (1.75) and 49.77 (1.16) years, respectively (P<0.0005). Increased serum prolactin levels were observed in 93.3% of patients with breast cancer and 13.3% of patients with benign breast diseases. The mean serum prolactin level was significantly higher among breast cancer patients (102.68±7.03) ng/ml compared with patients with benign breast disease (16.31±1.72 ng/ml). We successfully determined a new cut-off value of serum prolactin level (>40.2 ng/ml) to differentiate breast cancer from benign breast diseases using the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.
Conclusion: Patients with breast cancer have increased serum prolactin levels compared to patients with benign breast diseases. Thus, serum prolactin level can be used as a diagnostic marker for breast cancer. This is particularly beneficial to clinicians for differentiating breast cancer from benign breast diseases.
Apoorva Pandit, Mallegowdanadoddi Siddegowda, Kadalagere Lakshmana Shoba,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Soft tissue is a non-epithelial extraskeletal tissue of the body. Soft tissue tumors (STTs) are the most commonly diagnosed neoplasms. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is minimally invasive, quick, and a definitive diagnostic modality. Biopsy for histopathology is the gold standard method for diagnosis but is invasive. The aims of this study were to determine the utility of FNAC in the diagnosis of STTs and correlate it with histopathology and to evaluate factors that cause discrepancies between FNAC and histopathology.
Methods: This retrospective, record-based study was done on STTs received for FNAC and histopathology examinations at the Department of Pathology, MIMS, Mandya from January 2018 to June 2021.
Results: A total of 74 cases of FNAC with histopathological correlation were available. Seventy one cases (95.9%) were benign and three (4%) were malignant according to FNAC. Discordance was seen in one case of low grade myxofibrosarcoma, which was diagnosed as benign spindle cell tumor on FNAC. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and accuracy of FNAC in diagnosing malignancy were 75%, 100%, 100%, and 98.6%, respectively.
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that FNAC is beneficial preoperatively as it differentiates between benign and malignant lesions in most cases. In the case of low grade myxofibrosarcoma, bland tumor cells led to a benign diagnosis on FNAC, but histopathology allowed sampling of a larger area of the tumor and the right diagnosis was made. Biopsy is the gold standard, but FNAC has high specificity in diagnosing malignant tumors and prevents unnecessary extensive, radical surgery for benign lesions.
Parisa Zeinali, Marie Saghaeian, Jahanbakhsh Asadi, Seyyed Mehdi Jafari,
Volume 16, Issue 5 (9-2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Activation of adenosine A2a receptor has been shown to induce the growth and metastasis of cancer cells. The role of this receptor in esophageal cancer has not yet been determined. The present study aimed to investigate effects of an adenosine A2a receptor antagonist (3, 7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine) on growth of esophageal cancer cells.
Methods: Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate mRNA expression of the A2a adenosine receptor in KYSE-30 and YM-1 esophageal cancer cell lines. Effects of the antagonist on viability of the cells were evaluated by MTT assay.
Results: At low concentrations, the antagonist had no effect on cell viability. However, at concentrations ≥200 μM, the antagonist significantly reduced viability of both cell lines (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the adenosine A2a receptor antagonist exerts inhibitory effects on KYSE30 and YM-1 cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, the use of this antagonist can be exploited as a therapeutic target for the treatment of esophageal cancer.
Shuchismita ., Iffat Jamal , Vijayanand Choudhary ,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (1-2024)
Abstract
Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare form of plasma cell dyscrasia with 2 variants: the primary form, which occurs de novo in patients with no previous history of multiple myeloma (MM), and the secondary form, which represents a leukemic transformation in patients with a previously recognized MM. Unlike myeloma, PCL typically follows an aggressive course, and the median age at presentation is usually above 50 years. In this report, we present a case of primary PCL that manifested at 19, an exceptionally rare occurrence.
