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Evaluation of Accuracy, Precision and Agreement of Five Hba1c Measurement Methods with HPLC Reference Method
Mohammad Taha Jalali, Hajie Bibi Shahbazian , Mohammad Reza Afsharmanesh , Rohollah Mousavi Dehmordi , Azadeh Saki ,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (Mar,Apr2016 2016)
Abstract

ABSTRACT

        Background and Objective: The current challenge of diabetes mellitus is to prevent its complications. These complications are directly associated with hyperglycemia in diabetics. The HbA1c measurement is essential for long-term glycemic control. Synchronization of HbA1c measurement is important in order to avoid discrepancies between results reported by laboratories. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy, precision and agreement of five HbA1c measurement methods with HPLC reference method.

       Methods: HbA1c levels of 55 samples were measured using six methods of microcapillary electrophoresis (Sepia), enzymatic method (Pishtaz Teb), immunoturbidometry (Pars Azmoon), boronate affinity (Nycocard), immunofluorescence (ichroma) and Tosoh G8 HPLC.

       Results: The five tested methods showed a good agreement with the HPLC method with correlation coefficient of less than 95%. Regression testing of HPLC method and other methods showed slope of 0.99 (P<0.05) for Sebia, 1.02 (P<0.05) for Pishtaz Teb, 0.79 (P<0.05) for Pars Azmoon, 0.82 (P<0.05) for Nycocard and 0.89 (P<0.05) for ichroma. Average inaccuracy for the Sebia, Pishtaz Teb, Pars Azmoon, Nycocard and ichroma in comparison with the HPLC reference method were -0.09, -0.004, -0.75, -0.79 and -0.78, respectively.

         Conclusion: The Sebia microcapillary method and Pishtaz teb enzymatic method have appropriate accuracy and precision. Therefore, these methods can be used as alternatives to the HPLC method for HbA1c measurement. Other methods such as Pars Azmoon, Nycocard and ichroma have significant shortcomings in terms of accuracy.

     


Histopathological Evaluation of Granulomatous Skin Lesions: A Study from North India
Priyanka Sharma, Rahul Verma,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (Mar-Apr 2023)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Granulomatous disorders of the skin are frequently encountered in clinical practice and require histopathological confirmation due to a considerable etiological and clinical overlap. A single histopathological pattern may be produced by many causative agents and at the same time, a single cause can present with varied histopathological patterns. The present study was performed to evaluate the histomorphological patterns of granulomas in various granulomatous skin lesions and to identify the causative agents.
Methods: The study (both prospective and retrospective) was carried out in the department of pathology over 5 years. All skin biopsies were evaluated for the presence of granulomas. Detailed analysis of the histopathological pattern of granulomas was performed and categorization was made according to the type and etiology. Special stains were also used when required. A clinicopathological correlation was established with the Kappa statistic.
Results: Of 1,150 skin biopsies, granulomatous skin lesions were observed in 325 cases. Histiocytic granuloma pattern was the most common subtype (55.7%). The predominant etiology of granulomatous inflammation was leprosy (93.5%), followed by cutaneous tuberculosis (2.7%). The cases of Hansen’s disease showed a maximum clinicopathological correlation (58.5%).
Conclusion: Histopathological examination is the gold standard for the diagnosis and subtyping of granulomatous skin lesions. Varied morphologies of granuloma patterns were observed in our study, and infectious diseases were the causative agents in the majority of cutaneous granulomatous disorders. 
Prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection and hygiene practices among people with active gastritis
Suresh Jaiswal, Bijay Subedi, Ashmita Sapkota, Pushpa Sharma, Manisha Timilsina, Maheshwor Timilsina, Bishnu Raj Tiwari,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (Jan-Feb 2024)
Abstract
Background: Intestinal infections with Helicobacter pylori mainly occur during childhood. If contracted, these infections may cause chronic gastritis, frequently leading to peptic ulcer disease in later life. This study aims to detect the prevalence of H. pylori infections in patients with active gastritis.
Methods: The study included 150 participants who were consuming daily anti-gastritis drugs to reduce the gas and were considered active gastritis patients and were recruited from Lekhnath 12, now known as Pokhara metropolitan-30, from May 2018 to March 2019. They were screened for H. pylori antibodies for detection of infection by the immunochromatographic rapid detection kit, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 2016.
Results: Serum anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies were used to detect the presence of Helicobacter pylori in these participants. Among the 150 participants, 54 were males (36%) and 96 were females (64%). The results showed that 47 (31.3%) of the patients were positive for anti-Helicobacter pylori test. The age group 30 to 40 had the highest prevalence of 21 (14.0%). Using public water showed the highest prevalence with a P value of 0.04.
Conclusion: There should be an additional aspect required for the diagnosis and treatment of gastritis, which is the healthcare providers' and patients' awareness of the cause and most efficient treatments for this medical condition. Using only anti-gastritis drugs is not sufficient; treatment against Helicobacter pylori requires the right pathway of treatment by the use of several antibiotics.
 
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