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Molecular Characterization and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Nosocomial Clinical Isolates in Southeast of Iran
Farzaneh Mohammadzadeh Rostami, Saman Shalibeik, Morteza Rabi Nezhad Mousavi,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (Jan-Feb 2020)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
          Background and objectives: Nosocomial infections caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria is a life threatening health challenge. This study aimed to determine the frequency of antibiotic resistance genes in clinical isolates from hospitals of Zahedan, southeast of Iran.
           Methods: Overall, 818 isolates were collected from different hospital wards. The isolates were identified using conventional microbiological and biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern was assessed by agar disc diffusion method and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration of a number of antibiotics. Multiplex PCR was performed using specific primers for the detection of resistance genes.
           Results: The most common species were Staphylococcus aureus (25%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (22%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14%). The rate of methicillin resistance among S. aureus, S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus was 60%, 43% and 24%, respectively. In addition, 28.5% of enterococci isolates were vancomycin resistant. Among gram-negative bacteria, 45% of A. baumannii and 24% of P. aeruginosa were identified as ESBL. A high level of resistance to ampicillin (96%), cefotaxime (89%), gentamicin (89%) and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprime (60%) was observed in K. pneumoniae.
           Conclusion: Our results highlight the urgent need for an eradication program and a surveillance plan for preventing increased emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in the study area.
           Keywords: Bacterial Infections, Drug resistance, Zahedan.

Antibacterial Activity of the Peptide Microcin J25 Produced by Escherichia coli
Saman Shalibeik, Fereshte Ghandehari, Ali-Mohammad Ahadi, Ali-Asghar Rastegari, Mojgan Ghiasian,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (May-Jun 2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Bacteriocins are generally active antimicrobial peptides effective against bacteria closely related to the producer. Escherichia coli produce two bacteriocins: colicins and microcins. Microcin J25 (Mcc J25) is an antibacterial peptide that inhibits bacterial transcription by disrupting the nucleotide-uptake channel of bacterial RNA polymerase. The objective of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial activity of MccJ25 produced by the bacteriocinogenic E. coli.
Methods: In this experimental study, 120 clinical specimens were selected from private diagnostic laboratories in Isfahan (Iran) in 2020. Antagonistic activity of isolates was tested by adopting agar plug method. Total DNA was extracted from clinical specimens and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using specific primers for amplification of the complete sequence of MccJ25 gene. Accuracy of the PCR products was confirmed by direct sequencing. Homology analysis was performed by using BLAST. Data were analyzed with Chromasv2.1.1 software.
Results: Overall, 120 E. coli strains were isolated from the clinical specimens. The antibiotic activity of Mcc J25 was mainly directed at Enterobacteriaceae, including several pathogenic E. coli strains of which 25 had positive well test samples, and about 5 (20%) of the collected clinical samples that were infected with E. coli had the MccJ25 gene.
Conclusions: Based on the results, Mcc J25 has favorable antibacterial potential, which can be further exploited as an alternative to chemical antibiotics.
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