Gol Mohammadi, R, Tabaraei, A, Abbasi, A, Khademi, N, Mahdavian, B, Javid, N, Kaleji, H, Kamasi,a, Bazoori, M, Moradi, A,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (March, April[PERSIAN] 2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) can effectively prevent the progression of HIV-1 replication and increase life expectancy. There are numerous causes of treatment failure and the leading one is drug resistance. Thus, we aimed to determine the HIV RT gene drug resistance mutations in patients treated with antiretroviral medications.
Material and Methods: In this cross - sectional study, venous blood was taken from 130 HIV-positive patients treated with antiretroviral medications. In order to determine drug resistance mutations, RT-PCR and PCR steps were performed using RT gene specific primers. Subtypes and mutations in the virus genome were determined using the Stanford HIV drug resistance sequence database.
Results: In 122 treating patients, most of the major mutations were associated with nucleoside and non-nucleoside drugs. subtype A in 66.4%, subtype D in 26.2% and subtype B in 7.4% of the participants were reported. They were resistant to Nucleoside RT Inhibitor drugs (23.7%) and Non-Nucleoside RT Inhibitor drugs(30.3%). The highest were related to Nevirapine (21.3%) and Efavirenz (19.7%) and the lowest to both Tenofovir and Zidovudine (91.5%).
Conclusion: The use of two nucleoside RT inhibitor drugs combined with one protease inhibitor drug could be effective in the treatment of HAART.
Key words: HIV, Nucleoside RT Inhibitor, Non- Nucleoside RT Inhibitor
Bahareh Charmi Far , Saman Mahdavi,
Volume 11, Issue 5 (Sep - Oct 2017)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Several virulence factors are involved in the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus. Surface proteins such as collagen binding proteins (Cna) and fibronectin-binding proteins (FnBP) are important factors in adhesion and invasion of S. aureus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of adherence genes cna, fnbA and fnbB S. aureus isolates from traditional cheese.
Methods: All 22 isolates tested were identified as S. aureus. The isolates were tested for the presence of adherence genes cna, fnbA and fnbB using specific primers in polymerase chain reaction assay.
Results: Six isolates (27.27%) were positive for the can gene. Of the 22 isolates studied, one isolate was positive for fnbA and one was positive for the fnbB. Co-presence of the genes examined was not observed in any of the isolates.
Conclusion: The results indicate the weak biofilm formation ability of the S. aureus isolates from traditional cheese.
Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, Biofilm, Genes, Cheese.
Amin Farzaneh Hesari , Akram Ebrahimi, Masoumeh Azizi Zanjani , Solmaz Mahdavi,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (Jan-Feb 2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Elevated blood lipid levels are correlated with risk of cardiovascular disease, especially in overweight individuals. The beneficial effect of strength training on lipid profile has been well documented. However, the effect of strength training with flow blood restriction has not been established. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of eight weeks of strength training with and without blood flow restriction on some of the cardiovascular risk factors in overweight females.
Methods: In this study, 28 overweight females aged 18 to 24 years were randomly assigned into three groups of blood flow restriction strength training (BFRT), traditional strength training (TRT) and control. Participants in the BFRT group performed eight weeks of strength training three sessions per week at 30% of 1-repetetion maximum, while participants in the TRT group performed the training at 65-80% of 1-repetetion maximum. Cardiovascular variables, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were measured before and after the exercise training. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance.
Results: Triglyceride level decreased significantly in the BFRT (p=0.022) and TRT (p=0.038) groups compared with the control group. Moreover, there were no significant differences in the body mass, waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and cholesterol levels between the study groups (P≥0.05).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the BFRT and TRT may not be suitable for preventing or even reversing the physiological changes induced by obesity.
Keywords: Resistance Training, Lipids, lipoprotein, overweight.
Farid Soltani , Saman Mahdavi ,
Volume 12, Issue 6 (Nov - Dec 2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: Bacillus licheniformis is a potential cause of spoilage in pasteurized products. The aim of this study was to identify and isolate B. licheniformis from commercial pasteurized fruit juices distributed in the West Azarbaijan Province, Iran.
Methods: Sixteen fruit juice samples including four apple juice and 12 orange juice samples were collected from five fruit juice manufacturing companies in Iran. The samples were tested for the presence of B. licheniformis by culture in specific media and biochemical testing. Suspected samples were also investigated for the presence of the bacterium by polymerase chain reaction using specific primer for the gyrB gene.
Results: Three samples (18.75%) from the 16 tested fruit juice samples were found as positive. In other words, one apple juice sample (25%) and two orange juice samples (16.66%) were contaminated with B. licheniformis.
Conclusion: Isolation of this bacterium indicates the unsuitable manufacturing conditions and ineffective bacterial decontamination, which might also be favorable for the growth of other fruit juice spoilage bacteria.
KEYWORDS: Bacillus licheniformis, Fruit and Vegetable Juices, Polymerase Chain Reaction.
