Showing 11 results for Jamal
Zahra Khozein , Ayatollah Nasrolahi Omran , Aylar Jamali ,
Volume 9, Issue 5 (Nov,Dec-2015 2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: the Formation of urinary infection by uropathogenic E.coli needs numerous virulence factors and biofilm formation is among these factors. Bacteria that form biofilms express phenotype traits that appear according to the bacteria type. Cellulose is an important compound on the outside of E.coli causing bacterial cell-cell reactions and connection to nonliving surfaces. Curli pili cause the reaction between cell-cell and surface-cell in biofilms and lead to bacteria aggregation. Microorganisms’ ability to form biofilm on a surface depends on the surface nature and its conditions. This study aimed at determining the production ability of cellulose polysaccharide and curli pili in UPEC strains, and its correlation with formation and intensity of biofilm.
Methods: In this study carried out to compare the ability of cellulose and pili curli production ability in 40 uropathogenic E.coli isolates ,by morphotype method in Congo Red medium (CR), each isolate was incubated at 37 oC, for 24 hours. After 24 hours, all colonies’ morphology characteristics were studied
Results: It was shown that 67.5% of strains produced cellulose and 72.5% produced curli pili. In addition, 92.6% and 89% of isolates that produce cellulose and curli, respectively, had a moderate to strong biofilm. Moreover, it was shown that there is a significant correlation between cellulose and / or curli pili production with biofilm intensity.
Conclusion: About 70% of E.coli isolates from patients' urine are able to produce cellulose or curli pili; therefore, it can be concluded that the production of these two combinations is effective in amount and intensity of biofilm formation.
Keywords: Escherichia coli; Cellulose Polysaccharide; Curli Pili; Biofilm.
Samira Okhli , Shaghayegh Anvari, Aylar Jamali, Mohammad Javadkazemi,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (Mar,Apr2016 2016)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most common causes of genital infection in men and women. Genital chlamydial infections in women are clinically asymptomatic in 70-80% of the cases; therefore, the lack of timely diagnosis and treatment leads to complications such as infertility and ectopic pregnancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of chlamydial infection in symptomatic and asymptomatic women in the Golestan province.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 cervical swab samples obtained from 150 women referred to the clinic, after obtaining written consent and completion of questionnaires. The swab samples were transferred to laboratory in phosphate-buffered saline solution and DNA extraction was carried out using phenol-chloroform and boiling methods. The frequency of chlamydial infection was evaluated by PCR.
Results: None of the tested samples were found as Chlamydia-positive.
Conclusion: The findings require that some more extensive research with larger sample sizes and dispersed population be performed to determine the true prevalence. Considering the serious complications of chlamydial infections and its asymptomatic nature, a highly sensitive and specific method such as PCR should be used to detect Chlamydia. It is suggested that this method be used along with a complementary test to obtain the results that are more accurate. Furthermore, conducting simultaneous studies on other populations at risk will be very helpful in obtaining representable national data.
Mohammad Arjmand , Ezatallah Ghaemi , Ailar Jamalli ,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (Jan-Feb- 2017 2017)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Biofilm is a population of bacteria growing on a surface and enclosed in an exopolysaccharides matrix, which increases resistance to antimicrobial agents and immune response. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are biofilm-forming bacteria and the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study evaluated the effect of different concentrations of glucose, NaCl, blood, serum and urine on biofilm formation and antigen 43 (Ag43) gene expression, as a main gene involved in biofilm formation.
Methods: Among E. coli isolates from patients with UTI, four extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and non-ESBL strains, and a standard UPEC strain were selected. Biofilm formation of the strains in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth with different concentrations of glucose, NaCl, sheep blood, serum and human urine was evaluated using microplate method and crystal violet staining. Ag43 gene expression was investigated using Real-Time polymerase chain reaction, SYBR Green dye, and specific primers.
Results: Presence of glucose at all concentrations reduced biofilm formation. Presence of 1% NaCl, 1% sheep blood, 10% bovine serum, and 5% urine significantly increased biofilm formation. Expression of Ag43 by the strains grown under 1% glucose, 1% NaCl, 1% sheep blood, 10% bovine serum and 5% urine decreased.
Conclusion: All environmental factors other than glucose may increase biofilm formation of E. coli at different concentrations. This is not affected by factors such as isolation from inpatient or outpatients and type of strains (ESBL or non-ESBL). Contrary to our expectations, Ag43 expression is independent of environmental factors and decreases even under the most suitable concentrations.
Keywords: Biofilms, Uropathogenic Escherichia coli, UTI, Antigen 43, Real-Time PCR.
Mehdi Movaghari, Shaghayegh Anvari, Aylar Jamali, Mahin Yazdani,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (May-Jun 2017)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Vibrio is a genus of bacteria that are widely distributed in aquatic environments. The genus includes several important pathogens that endanger farm animals and humans who ingest seafood or water contaminated with the bacteria. Virulence of Vibrio spp. is regulated by ctxAB and tcpA genes. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Vibrio spp., and tcpA and ctxB virulence genes in isolates from surface water and salt water samples collected from Golestan Province, Iran.
Methods: Overall, 115 water samples were collected from the Caspian Sea coast, lagoons and rivers in the Golestan Province. The samples were filtered by membrane filtration method, and enriched in alkaline peptone water with 1% NaCl. The isolates were grown on TCBS agar, and identified by biochemical tests. Presence of the tcpA and ctxB virulence genes was investigated by polymerase chain reaction.
Results: In this study, Vibrio alginolyticus was the predominant species (38%) isolated from the seawater and surface water samples, followed by Vibrio parahaemolyticus (23%), Vibrio harvei (15%), Vibrio fluvialis (14%) and Vibrio damsela (10%). The virulence genes were not detected in any of the isolates found in the study.
Conclusion: This study indicates that V. alginolyticus is the most prevalent Vibrio spp. in surface water and seawater samples collected from the Golestan Province, Iran.
Keywords: Environmental Vibrio, Surface water, ctx B gene, tcpA gene.
Abolfazl Khandan Del , Ania Ahani Azari , Ailar Jamalli, Ezzat Allah Ghaemi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (May-Jun 2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Nasal carriage is one of the main routs of
S. aureus transmission between hospital personnel and patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of mupirocin ointment in eradication of nasal carriage of
S. aureus in the ICU staff and patients of Panje-Azar hospital in Gorgan, Iran.
Methods: In the first three months of the study (January to March), the prevalence of
S. aureus among ICU patients was determined by routine microbiological and biochemical testing. Nasal samples were taken from ICU staff and all patients recently admitted to the ICU. Mupirocin nasal ointment (2%) was applied for treatment of
S. aureus nasal carriers. Post-treatment sampling was done after five weeks. During the next three months, the presence of
S. aureus and rate of resistance to methicillin was evaluated in new patients admitted to the ICU using the method used previously.
Results: Of 60 samples from the ICU staff, seven (11.7%) samples were positive for
S. aureus. Moreover, of 240 samples from the ICU patients, two samples were found as
S. aureus-positive. Of the nine
S. aureus-positive isolates, only two (22.2%) were methicillin-resistant
S. aureus (MRSA). In the pre-intervention sampling, only five samples (2.8%) were identified as
S. aureus, two of which were MRSA. However, treatment with mupirocin ointment eradicated nasal carriage of
S. aureus and no isolate was found after the intervention.
Conclusion: Our finding showed that mupirocin nasal ointment is highly effective in eradication of
S. aureus nasal carriage and subsequently contribute to reduction in frequency of nosocomial infections in the ICU.
Keywords: Intensive Care Units, Mupirocin, Nasal,
Staphylococcus aureus.
Abolfazl Khandandel , Hami Kaboosi , Ailar Jamalli , Fatemeh Peyravii Ghadikolaii ,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (Jul-Aug 2019)
Abstract
Background and Objectives:
Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of nosocomial infections. The ability of
S. aureus to form biofilm and acquire antimicrobial resistance has made this organism a major health problem. In this study, we investigate the biofilm-forming ability of
S. aureus isolates from clinical samples.
Methods: Sixty
S. aureus isolates from clinical specimens were collected from the 5th Azar Hospital of Gorgan (Iran) in 2018. The isolates were identified using conventional methods including Gram staining and biochemical tests (catalase and coagulase). Biofilm formation by
S. aureus isolates was evaluated using a microplate-based method.
Results: Of 60
S. aureus isolates, 47 (78.3%) strains were identified as biofilm-forming and 13 (21.7%) strains were non-biofilm-forming.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of biofilm-producing
S. aureus isolates in the 5
th Azar hospital of Gorgan could pose a major health challenge with serious consequences for hospitalized patients. Therefore, it is crucial to disinfect and sterilize hospital surfaces and equipment effectively to minimize the risk of contamination and spread of bacteria in the hospital settings.
Keywords: Biofilms,
Staphylococcus aureus, sample.
Mehdi Kargar, Hoshang Jamali , Mehdi Sadeghi ,
Volume 13, Issue 5 (Sep-Oct 2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Aging is a multi-agent phenomenon due to prolonged inflammation and stress. CD33 or Siglec3 is a membrane receptor that acts against aging by inhibiting inflammatory reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate a possible relationship between CD33 copy number and lifespan of an Iranian population.
Methods: The study included 50 individuals with cancer or Alzheimer's disease as the case group and 50 members of a family over 70 years old as the control group. Blood samples were collected and transferred to the laboratory. CD33 copy number was calculated using the QX100 Droplet Digital PCR system. A number of CD33 single-nucleotide polymorphisms including rs3865444, rs273634 and rs3852865 were genotyped using specific primers and the PCR method.
Results: The mean number of CD33 copies among the case group (7.78) was significantly lower (P<0.05) than control group (12.72). In the case group, the mean number of CD33 copies was 7.83 among men and 7.73 among women. In the control group, the mean number of CD33 copies was 12.73 among men and 12.71 among women.
Conclusion: CD33rSiglecs counteract random molecular damage, which is the main driver of aging. Therefore, the CD33rSiglec gene number may be correlated with longevity. Our results indicate that there may be a link between reduced CD33rSiglec copy number and development of diseases.
Keywords: Gene Copy Number, Siglec-3, CD33 Antigens, Cancer.
Ali Asghar Ayatollahi, Abolfazl Khandan Del, Ailar Jamalli, Khashayar Shahin, Ania Ahani Azari,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (Jan-Feb 2020)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is a frequent cause of hospital- and community-associated infections on a global scale. This organism is responsible for causing an extensive range of diseases and many of them are capable of biofilm formation for their survival. By this method, treatment of them with antibiotics become very difficult and antibiotic resistance is another rising concern.
Material and Methods: The clinical samples were collected and examined for Staphylococcus aureus by microbiological and biochemical tests. Then, the biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus isolates was detected by microtiter plate. Using SYBR Green Real-Time PCR, the expression of PSM was determined.
Results: A total of 60 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from clinical isolates. Of them, 47 strains (78.3%) were identified biofilm producing and the others were considered negative for biofilm formation. After real-time PCR testing to detect PSM, it was determined that 100% of the strains were positive for biofilms and PSM genes. The results of phenotypic and genotypic tests of biofilm were closely related to each other and the expression of PSM B gene was 80%. It was found that 100% of strains were biofilm producing and PSM B gene was present in 78.3% (47 strains) of them.
Conclusion: The prevalence of biofilm production in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from clinical samples was high, so it is highly important to monitor the prevalence of these organisms in hospitals and community as well as their antimicrobial resistance.
Iffat Jamal, Shuchi Smita, Ravi Bhushan Raman, Vijayanand Choudhary, Satyadeo Choubey, Kaushal Kumar,
Volume 16, Issue 6 (Special issue (Nov-Dec) 2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, a newly emergent coronavirus, first recognized in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Early identification of laboratory indicators helps in distinguishing severe patients from mild to moderate counterparts and can facilitate medical interventions, thereby lowering the mortality rate. The present study was done to evaluate the role of hematological parameters and basic coagulation parameters in the assessment of the severity of COVID-19.
Methods: This retrospective observational study was done at a tertiary care institute from May 2020 to May 2021. Hematological and coagulation profile was studied in 200 confirmed COVID-19 cases. Data related to age, gender, and clinical features were retrieved from patients’ records. Laboratory findings such as complete blood count neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio, and coagulation parameters in different categories were compared.
Results: The majority of patients were males (59.5%) and with mild illness (52.5%). Moderate and severe illness was present in 30% and 17.5% of cases, respectively. The frequency of anemia, leucopenia, and thrombocytopenia was 62.5%, 6%, and 5.5%, respectively. Overall neutrophilia was seen in 40.5% of cases, whereas lymphopenia was seen in 39% of cases. Coagulation parameters were also much deranged in moderate and severe cases as compared to mild cases.
Conclusion: The hematopoietic and hemostatic systems are significantly affected by COVID-19. Careful evaluation of laboratory parameters assists clinicians in formulating a tailored treatment approach and in predicting disease severity.
Iffat Jamal, Shuchismita ., Vijayanand Choudhary,
Volume 16, Issue 6 (Special issue (Nov-Dec) 2022)
Abstract
Hypocellular acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an infrequent and challenging entity, and superinfection with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could further complicate its diagnosis and management. It is characterized by low bone marrow cellularity, prominent cytopenias, and in many cases, clinically simulate aplastic anemia and hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome. We report a case of hypocellular AML-M2 in a 65-year-old male who was found to be COVID-19-positive. The cause of hypoplasia of bone marrow in such cases is still ambiguous and could be due to infiltration by blasts or co-infections. The cause of hypoplasia must be determined for proper management, which requires analysis of more such cases.
Shuchismita ., Iffat Jamal , Vijayanand Choudhary ,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (Jan-Feb 2024)
Abstract
Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare form of plasma cell dyscrasia with 2 variants: the primary form, which occurs de novo in patients with no previous history of multiple myeloma (MM), and the secondary form, which represents a leukemic transformation in patients with a previously recognized MM. Unlike myeloma, PCL typically follows an aggressive course, and the median age at presentation is usually above 50 years. In this report, we present a case of primary PCL that manifested at 19, an exceptionally rare occurrence.
