Showing 20 results for Ahmadi
H Bazzazi, M.a. Ramezani, M Bazoori, A Mohamadi Bondarkheili, M Arabahmadi, A Ghaemi,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (Spring - Summer 2007 [PERSIAN] 2007)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and objectives:
most common causes of morbidity and mortality in industrial and
developing countries. Recent studies have suggested that
A coronary heart disease is one of the
Helicobacter pylori
heart disease therefore, this study was carried out in Gorgan, Iran, to
show the relationship between coronary disease and Helicobacter
pylori infection.
caused infection may be associated with chronic
Materials and Methods:
carried out on 109 patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome
and 85 healthy individuals, ELISA was used to determine Anti
Helicobacter pylori Anti bodies (IgA, IgG ).
In this cross sectional case-control study
Results:
while in control group were %32.9 and %62.4. There was significant
difference between IgA of two groups (p<0.007). Simultaneous
presence of both IgG and IgA in patients affected by Coronary disease
was meaningful (p<0.003).
IgA and IgG antibodies of case group were %51.4 and %53.2
Conclusion
be related to coronary disease, we suggest their investigation in
suspected individuals.
: Since Simultaneous presence of both IgG and IgA may
Key word
Antibody
: Acute Coronary syndrome, Helicobacter Pylori,
A Moradi,, A Ahmadi, S Bakhshandeh-Nosrat, E Sanee- Moghaddam, M Saeedi,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (Spring - Summer 2007 [PERSIAN] 2007)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: HTLV-1 virus belongs to the retrovirus and infection with this virus mostly is seen among people having more than one time blood transfusion. Because of requiring repeated blood transfusions, thalassemic patients are considered to be high risk subjects in this regard. Thus, this study was carried out to indicate the frequency of HTLV-1 infection among the thalassemic patients. Materials and Methods: Blood samples of 181 thalassemic patients referred to Taleghani hospital during nearly two years (2004-2005) were taken. By using ELISA technique, the sera were assessed to determine HTLV antibody. The positive ones subsequently were examined by western Blot (kit, 2.4) to confirm the ELISA positive samples and also to recognize the HTLV type. Results: Of 181 thalassemic patients, 93 (51.4%) were male. The age was between one and twenty five (14.11 ± 6.5). 93.4% (169) were received packed cell only once in a month. 14.9% (27) were HTLV positive by ELISA technique, while just eight out of these 27 were considered to be true positive by Western blot and to be contaminated by type one virus. Of all subjects, 4.4% were positive HTLV1. Furthermore, the contamination with this virus is increased as the patients getting older. Conclusion: The findings indicated that among the thalassemic patients in Gorgan, there are cases with HTLV-1 whose frequency is correlated with the other part of our country. Consequently, further comprehensive studies are required to identify those infected blood donated to minimize the transmission risk of this infection in the society and in particular among the people receiving blood, such as thalassemic patients. Keywords: HTLV-1 antibody, thalassemic patients, ELISA, western Blood, Gorgan Journal
A Moradi, A Abbasi, Ar Mansourian, A Ahmadi, A Sarikhani, M Bazoori,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (Autumn – Winter 2008[PERSIAN] 2007)
Abstract
Abstract: Introduction: Influenza is highly transmitted disease and vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza. This research was designed to study the variation of serum antibody level among the subjects had already been vaccinated against influenza. Materials and Methods: This research is a descriptive-analytical study, which was carried out on 196 subjects who had influenza vaccination (influvac 2005/2006) and 200 subjects matched by the vaccinated subjects, by age. The subject's serums were prepared seven weeks after influenza vaccination, and the control group's serums were also prepared. The serum antibody level was determined by haemaglutination inhibition test. Results: The mean age of case group is 52.2±11 and control group 48.64±5.17.The antibody titre of 115 of Vaccinated group and 15 of control is less than 40 1 The mean antibody titer of vaccinated subjects and control group is 143.4 ± 10.89 and 18.34± 3.2, respectively. The difference is statistically significant (P value=0.000). Conclusion: The findings show that the mean titer of antibody in vaccinated and control group is statistically different. It means that the influenza vaccine had a good efficacy. Key words: Vaccination, Influenza, Gorgan.
F Amirkhizi, F Siassi, Sm Ahmadi, M Jalali, S Institute, A Rahimi,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (Spring - Summer 2008[PERSIAN] 2008)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives: Women of reproductive age are at risk of Iron deficiency. Some Studies reported That There is a relationship between Body indices and iron. Iron overload is also harmful. It enhances the risk of cardiovascular disease which is due to increased Lipid peroxidation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between obesity and iron status in women of reproductive age. Material and Methods: In this case-control study, the relationship between iron status and obesity in women of reproductive age was studied in 35 obese (BMIِ≥30kg/m²) and 35 non-obese (BMI=19-25kg/m²) women matched by age. Demographic data was gathered by a questionnaire. Body weight and height were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated for each subject. After taking Venous blood samples and separating plasma, we investigated iron status by measuring hemoglobin, hematocrit, and plasma iron and ferritin concentrations. Results: Although no difference is observed in plasma iron and Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC), the results of obese group show significant higher hemoglobin (137 ± 8 versus 129 ± 7 g/L, p<0.05), hematocrit (0.41 ± 0.02 versus 0.38 ± 0.03, p<0.05), and plasma ferritin concentrations (49.3 ± 32.2 versus 28.6 ± 19.7µg/L, p<0.001). In addition, BMI was positively correlated with hemoglobin (rho=0.29, p<0.001), hematocrit (rho=0.28, p<0.001), and plasma ferritin concentrations (rho=0.39, p<0.0001). Conclusion: we conclude that obese women of reproductive age have higher iron stores than the non-obese women. Therefore, obese- reproductive women are at low risk of depleting iron stores. On the other hand, systematic iron-fortification programs may enhance the prevalence of iron overload in these subjects. Keywords: Obesity, iron status, reproductive age women
Kh Kalavi, A Moradi, Ar Ahmadi, Aj Sarikhani, M Bazoori, Mr Kyaee,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (Spring - Summer 2008[PERSIAN] 2008)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: Human T-Lymphocyte Virus-1 (HTLV- 1) is known as the etiologic factor of acute T-Lymphocytic Leukemia (ATL) and tropical spastic paralysis. (TSP). Endemic factors causing infection with Human T Lymphocyte Virus-1 (HTLV-1) is based on environmental, socio-economical and health behaviors of the individuals. This virus is well distributed in families with involved members. Golestan province is located in North West part of Northern Khorasan province that had already been known as an endemic area for HTLV-1. This virus is also known as the main etiologic factor for cancers and ATL, therefore we studied the prevalence of HTLV-1 seroepidemiology in Golestan province. Material and Methods: The subjects selected by cluster sampling were 2034 healthy cases residing in different parts of Golestan province. ELISA method using Dia- pro anti HTLV-1 antibody kits was applied for serological assessment. Western Blot (HTLV BLOT 2.4) was used for confirmation purposes. Results: The subjects aged 38.66±16.54 were 2034 healthy persons. Forty-one point seven of these cases were males and the rest females. Based on ELISA method there were15 HTLV-1 positive cases (0.7%). -1. (0.7%) Six out of 15 were confirmed by western blot method (95%, CI: 0.06-0.53%). The highest prevalence sigllificant) aiology is in the highat rate in 31-40 year old gro0.7%). onclusion: This study shows that HTLV-1 is prevalent in Golestan the same as the other parts of the world. There fere: we urse on performing screening test (HTLV-) on donated blood components before delivering (OK labeling). Key words: HTLV-1, Seroepidemiology, ELISA, Western Blot, Golestan ATL(Acute T lymphocytic Leukemia) Six cases out of 15 were confirmed by western blot method (95%, CI: 0.06-0.53%). The highest prevalence was 2.6% seen in Kalaleh city (east part of the province) [95%, Cl: 0.06-0.53%). There was significant difference between the prevalence of HTLV-1 and the dwelling place. (p=002). HTLV-1 seroepidemiology was in the highest rate in 31-40 year old group (0.7%). Conclusion: This study shows that HTLV-1 is prevalent in Golestan province, the same as the other parts of the world. Therefore, we recommend performing screening test (HTLV-) on donated blood components before delivering (OK labeling). Key words: HTLV-1, Seroepidemiology, ELISA, Western Blot, Golestan province, ATL (Acute T lymphocytic Leukemia)
N Ziaei, N Amir Mozafari, H Kouhsari, A Moradi, A Tabarai, T Dadgar, S Livani, M Arab Ahmadi,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (Autumn – Winter 2009[PERSIAN] 2008)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives: Diarrhea is one of the most common diseases in the world. Campylobacter jejuni is one of the prevalent agents of bacterial diarrhea in most of developing countries. It is usually ignored in routine laboratory test in our country, because it has a difficult investigation method. This article aims to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni, in diarrhea samples in Gorgan City (East north of Iran) by PCR Method. Material and Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 455 diarrheal samples during one year (2005-06).255 out of them were cultured on Preston media (Himedia co.) on 42°c. DNA Extracted by phenol cholorophorm method was directly carried out on stool samples.16srDNA hipo and asp primers for detection of Campylobacter genus, C.jejuni and C.coli species were used, respectively. In addition, universal primer of 16srDNA was used for control of PCR method. Results: no sample was positive for Campylobacter in culture .only three samples were positive for Campylobacter genus and C.jejuni specific primer but none of them were positive for C.coli .99 samples were positive by universal primer of 16srDNA . Conclusion: The results indicate that C.jejuni isn't a prevalent agent in diarrhea in our region. Key words: Campylobacter jejuni -Gorgan- Diarrhea
Biranvand E, Abedian Kenary S, Ghaheri A, Rezaee M S, Hasannia H, Nasrolahi M, Parsaee Mr, Ahanjan M, Biranvand B, Ahmadi Basiri E,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (spring-summer[PERSIAN] 2011)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: Interferon-Gamma and interferon Gamma receptor (IFNγ ⁄ IFNγR1) are the main genes associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis. We aimed at studying on interferon-Gamma Gene polymorphism(- 56 C/T) in people suffered from tuberculosis (TB). Material and Methods: In this case-control study, the subjects were 62 individuals with TB and 74 healthy ones. Genomic DNA was extracted by DNA isolation kit(Roche Corporation), and genotype identification was performed by polymerase chain reaction-Restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Chi square and logistic regression, using SPSS soft ware (version 18), was used to compare genotype and alleles between case and control groups. Results: The frequency of TT genotype in tuberculosis patients and healthy person are 43.5% and 17.5%, respectively. Based on Logistic regression (odd ration 0.148, p=0.0006), there is significant difference between Case and Control. In addition, the frequency of T allele is, in case group, 62.09 % the difference between case and control is significant, based on Logistic regression (odd ratio: 0.418, P=0.028). Conclusion: It is implied that -56C/T is associated with IFNγR1 promoter in tuberculosis patient. It is found to be associated with increased susceptibility to tuberculosis. Key words: Tuberculosis, IFNγR, PCR-RFLP
Z Rahmani, S Royani, Ar Ahmadi,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (spring[PERSIAN] 2013)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Every organization requires ongoing evaluation of existing conditions. The purpose of this study is to assess and analyze the standards and criteria that each Laboratory system is required to observe and upgrade them, to determine the gap between the ideal and the current status and finally to present the strategy and executive plan in order to achieve the desirable status.
Material and Methods: This study was performed in a medical diagnostic laboratory in Gorgan by using the quality system checklist related to medical diagnostic laboratories, which was revised in 2009. Internal evaluation matrix (Internal Factor Evaluation) was used to examine the main factors in the context of establishing a quality management system in a clinical laboratory.After examining the factors, determining the laboratory status, recording the results of monitoring (in terms of strengths and weaknesses) and determining the gap between existing and desirable status, we provided the appropriate and effective solutions in line with defined standard.
Results: of 164 items thatshould have been done in the first assessment, 111 (67.7%) items are in performed group and 53 (32.3%) are not in. After compiling and running a plan, 147 (89.6%) are performed, 15 (9.2%) needed to be modified and 2 (1.2%) still not performed. It is evident that a significant difference (p< 0.05) and a tangible improvement in current problems are seen after establishing the qualitysystem in the laboratory. The lab equipment, lab space and facilities, pre-examination process, testing process and post-examination process are considered .Regarding the health and safety in the laboratory, lab equipment, lab space and facilities, pre-examination process, testing process and post-examination process, no significant difference is observed between before and after the implementation of the program.
Conclusion:after establishing the quality system in laboratory, a significant difference and tangible improvement in the current problems are observed. It is implied the importance of pre-planned responses to problems and the performance of strategic planning.
Keywords: Strategic Planning, Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, Quality Control
M Eramabadi, K Tadayon, N Mosavari, R Keshavarz, R Banihashemi, R Ghaderi, M Sekhavati, M Ahmadi, P Eramabadi, E Khodaverdi Daryan,
Volume 7, Issue 5 (supplement Issue( Bacteriology)[PERSIAN] 2014)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: A high level of homogeneity observed within all bacteria in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex makes a property that seriously challenges traditional biochemical-based identification methods of these pathogens in the laboratory. The work presented here was conducted to characterize Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates in Golestan, Northern Iran.
Material and Methods: Between 2008 and 2010, 42 mycobacterial isolates were collected from clinical tuberculosis-suspected patients in Golestan province. The isolates were sub-cultured on fresh Mycobacterium-specific culture media including glycerinated and pyruvated Lowenstein-Jensen slopes. The isolates were subsequently subjected to a PCR-based identification scheme coined Huard-Warren method. This strategy consisted of three individual algorithms namely, 16SrRNA RV typing (Rv0577, Rv3877.8, Rv1970, Rv3120, Rv1510 and IS1561) and RD typing (RD1, RD 4, RD9 and RD12).
Results: All isolates were proved to be M. tuberculosis. Furthermore, none of the patients were being infected with any other member of the M. tuberculosis complex or simultaneously co-infected with two mycobacteria. This fundamental observation was independently obtained by specific culture media, RV typing and also RD typing.
Conclusion: Considering the fact that cattle and sheep farming play an important role in the economy of the region, absence of Mycobacterium bovis in the studied isolates can be unexpected to some extent. Huard-Warren which is a simple and cost-effective identification method can be used in both reference and regional laboratory for differential diagnosis of tuberculosis.
Keywords: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex, Huard-WarrenMethod, 16SrRNA, Golestan Province, RD Typing, RV Typing
Royani, S, Ravaghi, H, Ahmadi, Ar, Vafaeian, Z. ,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (Jul,Aug2015[PERSIAN] 2015)
Abstract
Background and Objective: One of the organizations that have proceeded for very high standard quality management programs, ISO 9001-2008, is medical diagnostic laboratories. One of the important goals of most laboratories in the implementation of this standard is to reduce the current costs of repeated tests.
Material and Methods: The number of repeated tests was evaluated in biochemistry section (Glucose, Urea, Creatinine, Cholesterol, Triglycerides, AST and ALT) and hormones (T3, T4, and TSH) in three stages (pre-standard implementation, three and nine months after performing program). We analyze the data by Stat data software (version 8) using Pearson chi square test.
Results: The percentages of repeated tests for glucose, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides, AST, ALT, T3, T4, TSH were 16.5, 2.57, 2.88, 12.7, 14.9, 10.38, 12.6, 3.55, 4.69, 1.85 for the first time and 20.5, 5.56, 5.41, 7.25, 20.0, 27.2, 30.1, 0.3, 6.04, 3.08 for the second time and 8, 8.3, 9.2, 7.1, 12.8, 17.4, 19.5, 0.0, 5.81,1.01 for the third time, respectively. The changes in statistical analysis of urea, creatinine, cholesterol, AST, ALT, and TSH were significant. The percentage trend of repeated tests for urea and creatinine was increased while for TSH, it was decreased.
Conclusion: Due to the nature of the experiments and the principles governing repeated tests, the acceptance and implementation of the ISO 9001-2008 only to reduce costs by reducing the percentage of repeated tests cannot be justified. To implement this process, all aspects of the effectiveness should be considered together.
Keywords: ISO 9001-2008, Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, Effectiveness, Cost Reduction.
Ketabi, S, Ahmadi-Ahwaz, N, Moazzam, E, Mobasherizadeh, S, Alizadeh, V,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (Jul,Aug2015[PERSIAN] 2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Multi-criteria comparison between laboratories is important for laboratory management to improve performance and for policymakers to make strategic decisions. In this study, those aspects of performance are considered that are beyond the traditional evaluation carried out by checklist.
Material and Methods: After the identifying the effective measures, a comprehensive performance evaluation model was presented and the performance of each laboratory was evaluated regarding the use of resources, including personnel, materials, equipment, space and facilities. Data envelopment analysis (DEA), using output -oriented model with constant returns to scale (CRS), was used to evaluate the efficiency of the labs.
Results: the input variables were different kinds of the costs related to staff , material , equipment , space and facilities ; physical standards associated with personnel, equipment, materials , space and facilities; process standards: safety , pre-test process , test process , quality control and after-test process ; systems standards related to purchase and inventory, communications and information.
Conclusion: The application of the proposed procedure for comparing the performance of 18 selected laboratories has shown that only 17% were efficient. The model is also used to determine the causes of inefficiency and to propose the policy for improving performance.
Keywords: Efficiency; Diagnosis, Laboratory; Operations Research
Shirin Sheikholeslami , Seyed Mahdi Rezayat , Reza Hosseini Doust , Hamid Reza Ahmadi Ashtiani ,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (Jan,Feb 2016 2016)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: The spread of drug resistance in bacteria have prompted researchers to seek suitable alternative for antimicrobial drugs among various medicinal plants and nanoparticles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silver nanoparticles alone and in combination with methanol extract of Zataria multiflora on five Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Methods: Different concentrations of the nanoparticles and extract alone or in combination with each other were tested against the bacteria, using well diffusion method. Three concentration levels (lowest, average and highest) were prepared form the nanoparticles and the extract for the combination, and finally nine different combinations were prepared.
Results: The extract and nanoparticles showed inhibitory effects against all the tested bacteria. The maximum diameter of growth inhibition zone in the presence of the extract and nanoparticles were observed in Streptococcus pyogenes (35.6mm) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (20.6mm), respectively. The maximum diameter of growth inhibition zone for the combination was measured in S. pyogenes (31mm).
Conclusion: The combination of low concentrations of the plant extract and nanoparticles are more effective against bacteria, but the combination of their high concentrations reduce the antibacterial effects in some cases.
Nazila Hajiahmadi, Abdolvahab Moradi, Naeme Javid, Alijan Tabarraei,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (Jan-Feb- 2017 2017)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Diagnosis of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection could be missed in some cases if serological tests are used solely. Molecular characterization of HEV is essential for diagnosis of acute and chronic HEV infections, and evaluating the chronic HEV infection status in immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to prepare a suitable HEV positive control, determine the limit of detection (LOD) of HEV RNA for a specific molecular test, and evaluate the efficiency and precision of the test.
Methods: Genomic region of HEV NCBI reference sequence was constructed. LOD, intra-assay precision, and inter-assay precision were calculated to evaluate the efficiency and precision of the test. Then, tenfold serial dilutions of the HEV positive control were prepared. Real time PCR was performed three times for each dilution. Mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation of cycle thresholds obtained in three independent and simultaneous tests were calculated, and the results were analyzed.
Results: The LOD of this test was determined as 1.4×104 copy/ml or 42 copy/reaction or 14 copy/µl. Intra-assay precision and inter-assay precision for all assays were lower than 2.5% and 10%, respectively.
Conclusion: We propose that the real time PCR assay targeting the ORF2/3 overlapping conserved region is suitable for detection of a wide range of different HEV genotypes found in acute and chronic HEV infections. However, the precision of the test should be improved for detecting HEV RNA lower than 103 copy/ml.
Keywords: Hepatitis E virus, Limit of Detection, Real Time PCR.
Mina Parsa , Malahat Ahmadi , Habib Dastmalchi , Aliasghar Tehrani ,
Volume 11, Issue 6 (Nov - Dec 2017)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Nowadays, the prevalence of multidrug-resistant pathogens such as
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is increasing worldwide. Many studies have been seeking new treatment strategies to treat infections caused by these microorganisms. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) along with L-arginine have significant antimicrobial effects and could be used as alternatives for ineffective drugs.
Methods: In this study, the antibacterial activity of AgNPs, L-arginine and various concentrations of AgNPs along with L-arginine (12.5 and 25 mg/ml) were investigated against
P. aeruginosa PAO1 using the broth macrodilution method.
Results: Minimum inhibitory concentration of AgNPs, L-arginine and AgNPs combined with 25 and 12.5 mg/ml L-arginine was 15.6 μg/ml, 25 mg/ml, 1.9 μg/ml and 3.9 μg/ml, respectively. Minimum bactericidal concentration of AgNPs, L-arginine and AgNPs combined with 25 and 12.5 mg/ml L-arginine was 31.2 μg/ml, 50 mg/ml, 3.9 μg/ml and 7.8 μg/ml, respectively.
Conclusion: Our study suggests that AgNPs along with L-arginine can be used as an alternative antibacterial agent against
P. aeruginosa, and might be useful for treatment of wound infections.
Keywords: Nanoparticles, Arginine,
Anti-Bacterial Agents,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Mishar Kelishadi , Mandana Kelishadi , Akramsadat Ahmadi , Naeme Javid , G.hossein Ashrafi , Alijan Tabarraei ,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (Mar-Apr 2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: Pterygium is a non-cancerous growth of conjunctival tissue that can extend onto the corneal surface. The presence of some oncogenic viruses in pterygium and the neoplastic nature of these lesions led us to the postulated involvement of the viruses in the etiology of pterygium. Given the
association of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) with ocular diseases, we aimed to investigate
presence of this virus in
pterygium.
Methods: Fifty tissue specimens were collected from patients with pterygium who underwent pterygium surgery between February 2013 and May 2015. The specimens were tested by real-time PCR using
Maxima SYBR Green/ROX qPCR Master Mix (2X) kit. Demographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed using SPSS software (version 18).
Results: Six (12 %) specimens were positive for HHV-6 DNA. There was no statistically significant correlation between pterygium and presence of HHV-6.
Conclusion: Based on the results, a direct association between HHV-6 and development of pterygium seems less probable, which suggests that other etiologic agents must be involved in the multistep process of the disease.
Keywords: Human Herpesvirus 6; pterygium; Real-time PCR.
Alireza Ahmadi, Mahdi Ghasemian , Ali Asghar Ayatollahi, Murtadha Al-Khabori, Seyedeh Somayeh Hosseini Alarzi, Mohammad Taher Hojjati,
Volume 15, Issue 5 (Sep-Oct 2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Diagnosis glucose intolerance in pregnancy is very important in preventing maternal and fetal complications. In this study, we compared hematological and biochemical characteristics of healthy pregnant women and women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to find predisposing and prognostic variables of GDM.
Methods: In this study, 80 pregnant women (at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy) were divided into a GDM group and non-GDM group by performing oral glucose tolerance test using 75 g glucose according to the International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria.
Results: The mean age of women with GDM was significantly higher than those without GDM (p=0.048). Other variables including body mass index, gestational age and daily sleep duration did not differ significantly between the two groups (P>0.05). There was a significant association between family history of diabetes and incidence of GDM (p=0.040). In addition, the C-peptide level was significantly higher in pregnant women with GDM (p=0.004).
Conclusion: Considering the role of C-peptide in predicting metabolic syndrome, it is suggested to use this factor for identification of GDM patients.
Farzane Maryam, Poozesh Vahid, Atefe Amirahmadi, Fatemeh Salimi,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (May-Jun 2023)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Foodborne pathogens can significantly affect the public health and cause medical, social, and economic burden. Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, and Yersinia enterocolitica are important foodborne pathogens that can cause various diseases. Plant-derived compounds are promising bioactive substances with inhibitory effects against bacteria. Perovskia abrotanoides Kar. is a medical plant with broad therapeutic activities. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of P. abrotanoides extracts against some foodborne pathogens.
Methods: Flowering branches of P. abrotanoides were collected in 2018 and 2019 from three different habitats in the eastern Alborz Mountains, Iran. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated using the agar well diffusion test. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts were determined against L. monocytogenes, S. enterica, and Y. enterocolitica. In addition, the antioxidant activity of the extracts was investigated by the DPPH test.
Results: The lowest MIC (200 µg/ml) and MBC (400 µg/ml) values against Y. enterocolitica were related to the ethyl acetate extract of plants collected from habitat 1 in 2019. The lowest MIC (50 µg/ml) and MBC (400 µg/ml) values against L. monocytogenes were related to the dichloromethane extract of plants collected from habitat 1 in 2019. All extracts showed antioxidant properties. Results of one-way ANOVA indicated that the DPPH scavenging activity of extracts from plants collected in 2019 was greater than that of those collected in 2018. In most cases, the methanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed more radical scavenging potential.
Conclusion: It seems that P. abrotanoides is a rich source of antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds with great potential for use in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
Seyed Sadegh Baniaghil, Fardin Balochi , Alireza Ahmadi,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (May-Jun 2024)
Abstract
Background: The understanding of blood group phenotypes is currently limited to the ABO and Rh blood group systems. This study aimed to determine the frequency of Rh system antigens (D, C, c, E, e) and the phenotypes of the system in blood donors. Identifying the blood group phenotypes of donors in any population is important for improving healthcare services and better serving patients.
Methods: This descriptive study was carried out on 575 donors (Turkmen and Fars) in blood transfusion centers in Golestan Province, Iran. A cell suspension (3-5%) from each sample was prepared in normal saline and exposed to Rh system antisera using the haemagglutination technique. The Rh phenotype was then determined based on the most common genotype.
Results: For the Rh system, the antigen frequencies of D, C, c, E, and e were 87.76%, 73.6%, 72.1%, 30.83%, and 93.59%, respectively. The most common phenotypes among the Turkmen and Fars donors were R1R1, R1r, and rr, respectively, while the least common phenotypes were R2Rz and ryry. The phenotypes r'r' and ryry were not detected in the Turkmen donors, and the phenotype r''r' was not identified in the Fars donors.
Conclusion: Identifying the prevalence of blood group antigens in donors from each region is crucial for organizing negative antigen blood units, preparing compatible blood for multitransfused patients, and preventing the development of alloantibodies in these patients.
Faramarz Koohsar, Hamed Kalani, Fatemeh Livani, Oghol Niaz Jorjani, Ganesh Yadagiri, Alireza Ahmadi, Roghiyeh Faridnia,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (May-Jun 2024)
Abstract
Background: Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne parasitic disease caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan. Despite the significant frequency of cutaneous leishmaniasis, there is still no appropriate prevention, control and treatment. In recent years, a few studies have been performed on the effects of garlic extract for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Current drugs, such as glucantime, have several side effects and lead to direct cellular damage. If an herbal-based drug reduces Leishmania by augmenting the immune system, it has the potential to possess a wider margin of safety. This study aimed to investigate the effects of in vitro systematic review of the effects of garlic (Allium sativum) and its compounds on Leishmania major.
Methods: Five English databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched until the end of December 2022. The syntax and specific tags have been used for each database. The studies with poor methodology, inadequate information, inappropriate analysis, and confusing presentation were excluded from the current study. The quality of articles was assessed by eleven questions developed by the authors and the data were extracted from the selected articles and discussed.
Results: In this study, 198 articles were selected in the search step, of which five eligible articles were included for examination. The most commonly used solvent for the preparation of garlic extract was distilled water (60%), followed by methanol (40%). In these studies, the bulb of garlic is mostly used (80%). Cell type of J774 was used in only one study (20%), and murine peritoneal macrophages were used in the other studies (80%). The effect of garlic on Leishmania major was strong (80%). Studies have shown that garlic extract or its active compounds can increase cellular immune responses, which play an important role in inhibiting the Leishmania parasite. This is associated with the activation of macrophages and increased IFN-γ levels and NO production.
Conclusion: According to the studies, the effect of different combinations of garlic on the Leishmania parasite has been shown. However, the exact mechanism of the anti-Leishmanial effect of garlic has not been determined. Thus, this issue needs further investigation.
Hadi Yarahmadi , Mehdi Mogharnasi , Roya Askari , Akram Arzani ,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (May-Jun 2024)
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of ten weeks of combined training on the gene expression of nuclear factor-κB and sirtuin 1 in fast and slow twitch muscles of aged male rats.
Methods: Sixteen rats, each 24 months old, were randomly divided into two groups: combined training and control (Eight rats per group). Combined exercises were performed four sessions per week, including two days of endurance and two days of resistance. The exercises took place in a container measuring 50x50x100 cm, filled with water maintained at 30±1°C. On the first day, the animals swam for five minutes in water at a height equal to 100% of their body length, without weights. On the second and third days, the rats swam for 10 minutes with the water height equal to 120% of their body length. On the fourth and fifth days, they swam for 15 minutes with the water height at 140% of their body length, which remained constant during the study period. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance with SPSS version 22 software, with the significance level at P≤0.05.
Results: After ten weeks of combined training, a significant difference was observed in the gene expression of nuclear factor-κB and sirtuin 1 between the training and control groups (P=0.001 for both).
Conclusion: According to the results of this research, performing combined exercises in water with appropriate intensity and duration can regulate inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways, thereby strengthening muscles and reducing muscle wasting and atrophy in the elderly.
