---

Background and Objective: Bunium percicum is often used in Iranian traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders particularly gastric ulcer.This study was done to evaluate the antiulcerogenic effect of Bunium percicum Boiss.essential oil against indomethacin and ethanol – induced ulcer models in Wistar rats. Methods: This experimental study was carried out on rats weighing 200-220 g in veterinary college of Urmia University, Iran. LD₅₀ was calculated based on Lorke’s method. To evaluate the short term oral toxicity, animals were allocated into four group of six each. In groups 1-3 animals were received orally 250, 125, 80 mg/kg/bw of Bunium percicum Boiss.essential oil, respectively. Controls were received Tween 80 (2%) orally for 14 consecutive days and monitored daily. Bunium percicum Boiss. essential oil was administered orally at doses of 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg/bw and cimetedin (10 mg/kg/bw) and omopirazol (30 mg/kg/bw) in indomethacin and ethanol–induced ulcer models. Results: The LD₅₀ was 375 mg/kg/bw. Daily single oral doses of Bunium percicum Boiss.essential oil tolerated behaviorally after 14 days without any alterations in body and organs weight, food, water consumption and serum total protein, alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activity. The preventive index in doses of 40 and 80 mg/kg/BW of Bunium percicum Boiss.essential oil was 37.98% and 59.21%, respectively in the indomethacin -induced ulcer model (P<0.05). In the model of ethanol -induced ulcer, the preventive index in doses of 40 and 80 mg/kg of Bunium percicum Boiss. essential oil was 12.40% and 22.05%, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion: The essential oil of Bunium percicum Boiss is completely ‘‘safe’’ and at the doses of 40 and 80mg/kg/bw significantly prevent gastric ulcers in animal model.

---

Background and Objective: Helicobacter pylori are one of the most common gastrointestinal bacterium infections. This study was done to compare the urease test with Giemsa staining to detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with gastric ulcer and gastritis.

Methods: This descriptive – analytic study was conducted on 601 patients' diagnosed with gastric ulcer and gastritis, whom under went endoscopy in 5th Azar hospital, Gorgan, Iran during 2008-12. Rapid urease test was immediately taken during endoscopy. Pathological examination, Giemsa staining on paraffin blocks and haematoxylin and eosin stain were done to assess either presence or absence of Helicobacter pylori.

Results: Based on biopsy results, Gastritis and gastric ulcer were diagnosed in 80.69% and 19.3%, respectively. In gastritis and gastric ulcer patients, there was a significant differences between urease test (91.5% and 90%, respectively) in comparison with Giemsa staining (91.5% and 90%, respectively) (P<0.05).

Conclusion: The study revealed that in primary diagnosis and screening of role of Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastric ulcer and gastritis, urease test is suitable than giemsa staining.