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Background and Objective: The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic disorders that are associated with elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases and type-II diabetes. This study investigated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adolescents population in Gorgan, Northern Iran - 2009.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 450 adolescents 15-17 years, selected through 2 stage cluster randomized sampling from high schools. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were assessed. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to NHANES III criteria. Data was analyzed by SPSS-16 software, Chi-Square and logestic regration.

Results: The overall metabolic syndrome prevalence was 3.3% (CI 95%:1.8–5.4). More than half of cases (54.6%) had at least 1 or 2 components. High triglyceride level was the most common disorder in both genders (boys 27.6%, girls 52.4%) and then low HDL cholesterol level (17.3%) and central obesity (7.6%) were common among boys and girls respectively. Where as abdominal obesity in boys (0.9%) and hypertension in girls (3.1%) were less common.

Conclusion: This study showed that the rate of metabolic syndrome is slightly lower but the obsity in adolescents is higher than other parts of country.

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Background and Objective: Obesity presented as the most pivotal public health problem. Motivational interviewing is a client-centered and direct technique to improve intrinsic motivation of people to change behavior using search and resolve ambivalence that its beneficial outcomes have widely been confirmed. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of motivational interviewing on weight loss in women. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study, 150 women with overweight and obesity were randomly divided into control, motivational interviewing and motivational interviewing and intention implementation groups. Data were collected through a researcher made questionnaire at baseline and 2 month follow up. Results: The score of protection motivation theory constructs including susceptibility, severity, rewards, self-efficacy, response efficacy and cost were significantly increased in the two intervention groups compared to the control group (P<0.05). Anthropometric characteristics were significantly reduced in the motivational interviewing and motivational interviewing with intention implementation group (P<0.05) in compare to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Motivational interviewing integrated into intention implementation causes weight loss and increase the constructs score in women.

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Background and Objective: Malnutrition is an important health problem in patients with end stage renal disease which increases morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis of malnutrition can be important for nutritional supports in hemodialysis patients. This study was carried out to evaluate the nutritional status and its related risk factors in hemodialysis patients using subjective global assessment. Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was done on 117 hemodialysis patients in the 5th Azar hospital, in Gorgan, Iran during August to October 2013. The nutritional status was evaluated as normal, mild to moderate or severe malnutrition using subjective global assessment (SGA). The anthropometric and biochemical parameters of hemodialysis patients and its relation with nutritional status were determined. Results: Among 116 patients, 29.66%, 69.82% and 0.9% were well nourished, mild to moderate malnutrition and severe malnutrition, respectively. A significant negative correlation was seen between patient’s weight, BMI, mid-arm circumference and serum albumin with SGA score (P<0.05). Patient’s age and duration of hemodialysis positively correlated with malnutrition (P<0.05). No significant association was found between serum concentration of BUN, Cr and WBC count with nutritional status. Conclusion: This study has shown low prevalence of malnutrition in our population in comparison with other studies. However according to important of malnutrition in patients undergoing hemodialysis, the basic evaluation of nutritional status is needed for every patient.