Showing 19 results for Resistance Training
Al Barari, Aa Ayatollahi, S Shirali, M Ghasemi, A Hosseini, Ar Ekrami, A Khandan Del,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (8-2014)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objective: The hormonal responses are different, according to type, intensity and the duration of training. We aimed to compare the effect of endurance and resistance training in untrained men on the level sexual hormone including testosterone, estradiol, and on sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). Material and Methods: this study was conducted on male Student Volunteers divided randomly into three groups of eight members, including endurance, resistance and control. To measure the variables, we performed sampling before and after the training program. Results: the levels of testosterone and estradiol, in both groups have a significant (p<0.05) increase and decrease respectively. SHBG level was significantly increased only in endurance group (p<0.05), But LH level was meaningfully increased only in the resistance group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The endurance and resistance training can increase the production of testosterone .Increased testosterone and decreased estradiol in men lead to sperm production and improve fertility. Keywords: Endurance training, Resistance Training, Testosterone, Estradiol
Marjan Vahedi, Parvin Farzanegi,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (10-2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Diabetes induced oxidative stress plays an important role in pathological damage to the heart and liver by increased production of extracellular matrix. It is thought that the use of medicinal plants, particularly Portulaca oleracea. L and regular exercise are effective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Portulaca oleracea. L consumption along with resistance training on cathepsin S, cystatin C and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels on type 2 diabetes patients.
Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 28 female type 2 diabetes patients with a mean age of 52 were randomly devided into 4 groups of control, exercise, supplement and supplement-exercise. Portulaca oleracea. L supplement was cosumed 7.5 g per day. Resistance training program was performed with a rubber band for 8 weeks, 3 days a week for 60 minutes with40-50% intensity, up to a maximum repetition. Blood samples were taken before and 48 hours after the last intervention.
Results: After eight weeks, cathepsin S, cystatin C and CRP levels in the supplementation and supplementaion-exercise group were significantly reduced (P<0.05). There were also significant differences between the groups.
Conclusion: Portulaca oleracea. L consumption and resistance training have each separate positive impacts on the cathepsin S, cystatin C and CRP levels, but the simultanous effect of Portulaca oleracea. L seed consumption and physical activity can lead to a better efficiency.
Keywords: Portulaca oleracea, resistance training, cathepsin S, cystatin C, C-reactive protein, type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Shokufe Ziadloo , Parvin Farzanegi , Masoumeh Habibian ,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (5-2016)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Osteoporosis is one of the complications of diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of resistance training along with Portulaca oleracea supplementation on OPG and NFκB levels (bone markers) in women with type II diabetes.
Methods: Overall, 28 women with type II diabetes (44 to 60 years old) were randomly and equally assigned into four groups (supplement, training, training-supplement and control). An eight-week resistance training program (three one-hour sessions per week with one repetition maximum) was performed using three types of bands with different resistances, at 40-50% intensity and 50-70% maximum heart rate. P. oleracea seeds were supplemented daily (7.5 grams mixed in yogurt) for eight weeks. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test and ANOVA.
Results: After 8 weeks, OPG and NFκB levels in the three groups of supplement, training and training-supplement increased and decreased, respectively. The highest change in both variables was observed in the training-supplement group. Moreover, the level of these two variables in the training-supplement group had significant difference with the controls and other groups (P=0.000).
Conclusion: As a non-pharmacological therapeutic approach, the regular resistance training and P. oleracea supplementation can increase bone formation markers and reduce bone resorption in women with type II diabetes.
Masoud Zamani, Maghsoud Peeri, Mohammad-Ali Azarbayjani , Hasan Matinhomaee ,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (7-2016)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Adipose tissue secrets various hormones including adiponectin, which is closely related to weight control and energy, balance. This study investigated the effects of resistance training on adiponectin, testosterone and cortisol levels in untrained men.
Methods: Forty untrained men (mean age of 23.8±2.66 years, mean weight of 67.43 ± 4.96 kg) were randomly and equally assigned into groups of upper extremity resistance training, lower extremity resistance training, combined resistance training, and control. The subjects performed eight weeks of weight training, three sessions per week (five sets of 60-85% one repetition maximum). Blood sampling was done prior to the start of the program, after the fourth week, and after the eight week. Alpha level was set to 0.05 for all statically analyses.
Results: Repeated measures ANOVA showed that eight weeks of upper extremities training significantly decreased body fat percentage (p=0.002, 7.39%), and significantly increased adiponectin (p=0.000; 90.42%) and testosterone (p=0.002; 24.19%) levels. In the lower extremities training group, body fat percentage (p=0.006, 7.39%) decreased significantly, while adiponectin (p=0.012; 87.82%) and testosterone (p=0.000; 23.54%) levels increased significantly compared to the pretest. Eight weeks of combined training significantly increased BMI (p=0.006, 1.88%), muscle mass (p=0.007, 2.24%), and adiponectin (p=0.000, 91.56%) level. However, cortisol level decreased (p=0.017, 19.17%) after four weeks of training.
Conclusion: Upper and lower extremities resistance trainings significantly change testosterone levels. Different types of resistance training significantly increases serum adiponectin level and changes body composition, which are effective in prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
Keywords: Resistance Training, Adiponectin, Testosterone, Cortisol.
A Jafari, M Peeri, M Azarbayejani, H Homai,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (7-2017)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Resistance training is a key component of exercise recommendations for weight control, yet very little is known about the effects of resistance training on appetite and related peptides. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of resistance training on appetite and circulating acyl ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), and orexin in sedentary men.
Methods: This study included 20 sedentary men (mean age: 21.6±3.5 year, body mass index: 23.1±2.7 kg/m2) who were equally divided into a control group and a resistance training group. Participants in the training group performed the whole body exercises three sessions per week with 3-4 sets of 8-10 repetitions at 60-85% one-repetition maximum. Participants in the control group performed no resistance training. Fasting blood samples were taken before starting the study and 72 hours after the last session of resistance training for evaluation of serum acyl ghrelin, NPY, and orexin levels. In addition, perceived appetite was assessed by visual analogue scale while fasting.
Results: Statistical analysis showed that fasting acyl ghrelin and NPY were not changed by resistance training, but serum orexin level elevated by 40% in response to training (P=0.01). Appetite was not significantly different between the two groups at baseline (P=0.9). However, appetite significantly increased after resistance training (P=0.001).
Conclusion: Results of the present study show that the 8-week resistance training increases perceived appetite by orexin promotion in previously sedentary men.
Keywords: Appetite, Ghrelin, NPY, Orexins, Resistance Training.
Amin Farzaneh Hesari , Akram Ebrahimi, Masoumeh Azizi Zanjani , Solmaz Mahdavi,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (1-2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Elevated blood lipid levels are correlated with risk of cardiovascular disease, especially in overweight individuals. The beneficial effect of strength training on lipid profile has been well documented. However, the effect of strength training with flow blood restriction has not been established. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of eight weeks of strength training with and without blood flow restriction on some of the cardiovascular risk factors in overweight females.
Methods: In this study, 28 overweight females aged 18 to 24 years were randomly assigned into three groups of blood flow restriction strength training (BFRT), traditional strength training (TRT) and control. Participants in the BFRT group performed eight weeks of strength training three sessions per week at 30% of 1-repetetion maximum, while participants in the TRT group performed the training at 65-80% of 1-repetetion maximum. Cardiovascular variables, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were measured before and after the exercise training. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance.
Results: Triglyceride level decreased significantly in the BFRT (p=0.022) and TRT (p=0.038) groups compared with the control group. Moreover, there were no significant differences in the body mass, waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and cholesterol levels between the study groups (P≥0.05).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the BFRT and TRT may not be suitable for preventing or even reversing the physiological changes induced by obesity.
Keywords: Resistance Training, Lipids, lipoprotein, overweight.
Reza Bagheri, Amir Rashidlamir, Seyyed Reza Attarzadeh Hosseini,
Volume 12, Issue 6 (11-2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: The present study was designed to determine the effect of blood flow restriction training (BFRT) on follistatin to myostatin ratio, body composition and anaerobic power of trained volleyball players.
Methods: Eighteen trained volleyball players were randomly assigned into two study groups: resistance training with blood flow restriction (BFRT; n=9) and resistance training without blood flow restriction (WBFRT; n=9). The subjects performed trainings three sessions a week, for eight weeks. In each session, barbell squat, leg extension, leg curl and dumbbell lunges were performed in three sets of 15 repetitions, with rest intervals of 30 seconds. Serum follistatin and myostatin concentrations, body composition and anaerobic power were assessed before and after the study. Data were analyzed using the paired sample t-test, Wilcoxon test, independent sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. All statistical analyses were done in SPSS (version 22), and a P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Follistatin levels increased significantly (P=0.001), while myostatin levels decreased significantly in both groups (P=0.001). Follistatin to myostatin ratio increased significantly in both groups (P=0.001). Although body fat percentage decreased in both groups, it did not differ significantly between the two groups (P=0.28). Moreover, anaerobic power increased significantly in both groups (P=0.001), but this increase was more profound in the BFRT group (P=0.001).
Conclusion: Based on our findings, blood flow restriction can be applied as remarkable approach to boost body adaptation responses to resistance training.
KEYWORDS: Resistance training, Myostatin, Follistatin, Blood flow restriction.
Najmeh Alsabah Alavizadeh , Amir Rashidlamir , Seyed Mahmud Hejazi ,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (3-2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Cardiac rehabilitation improves functional capacity of post-coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate effects of eight weeks of cardiac rehabilitation on serum levels of sirutin1 (SIRT1) and functional capacity of post-CABG patients.
Methods: Forty-five non-active men (mean age: 47.4 ± 3.3 years, duration of disease: 150 ± 69.12 months) were randomly divided into three equal groups: aerobic exercise, combined (resistance and aerobic) exercise and control. The subjects performed trainings at 60-75% of maximum heart rate, three sessions a week for eight weeks. Blood samples were collected 24 hours before the first exercise session and 48 hours after the last exercise session. Data were analyzed with SPSS 16.0 using one-way ANOVA and the Tukey post hoc test. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: Aerobic and combined exercise increased serum SIRT1 levels and functional capacity. There was no significant decrease in body mass index (P=0.06). The SIRT1 level did not differ significantly between the two exercise groups after the intervention (P=0.91). There were significant difference between the study groups in terms of the travelled distance (P<0.034).
Conclusion: Both combined and aerobic exercise can increase serum levels of SIRT1, reduce body mass index and improve functional capacity in CABG patients.
Keywords: Resistance training, exercise, SIRT1.
Abbass Ghanbari Niaki, Abolfazl Aghababaeian, Hamidreza Joshaghani, Mohammad Ali Vakili, Mehran Hoseini,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (7-2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Apolipoprotein O (apoO) is a 198 amino acids protein that exists predominantly in high-density lipoprotein (HDL). It may exert cardioprotective effects via decreasing fat accumulation and increasing removal of cholesterol from macrophages. Although the health benefits of exercise are well documented, no study has yet investigated the effects of various types of training, including resistance training on apoO level. Therefore, we aimed to determine effects of five weeks of circuit resistance training with different intensities on plasma levels of apoO, HDL, total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in young untrained men.
Methods: Forty-five age- and weight-matched healthy untrained men were randomly assigned to a control group (n=10) and four training groups: training at 20% intensity (n=9), training at 40% intensity (n=8), training at 60% intensity (n=7) and training at 80% intensity (n=8). The subjects performed circuit resistance training at 10 stations (30 seconds at each station) with three repetitions, without rest between stations and with 3-minute active rest between the repetitions. The training was carried out for 45 minutes per session, three sessions a week, for five weeks. Venous blood samples were taken 48 hours before the first exercise session and 48 hours after the last training session. Plasma levels of apoO, HDL, TC and TG were measured using commercial kits. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test at significance level of 0.05.
Results: After the training intervention, mean plasma level of TC and TG did not differ significantly between the study groups (P>0.05). Training at 80% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) caused a slight decrease in the apoO concentrations. Moreover, apoO concentration was significantly higher in the 20% 1RM training group compared to other study groups (F=11.599, P<0.002).
Conclusion: Our results indicate that circuit resistance training at 80% of 1RM can decrease HDL-associated apoO level but does not significantly alter other parameters.
KEYWORDS: Circuit resistance training, HDL-O, TC, TG, Young men.
Abolfazl Aghababaeian, Abbass Ghanbari Niaki, Hamidreza Joshaghani, Mohammad Ali Vakili, S.mehran Hoseini,
Volume 13, Issue 5 (9-2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. It is well established that low level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) is a strong and independent risk factor for CAD. Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is a component of HDL, which is involved in pre-β-HDL formation and cholesterol efflux to HDL. It is believed that resistance and aerobic exercise can significantly reduce risk of cardiovascular disease, especially by increasing serum levels of HDL-C. However, little is known about effects of these activities on HDL-apoM levels. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of circuit resistance training at different intensities on HDL-associated apoM levels in young untrained men.
Methods: Forty-five age- and weight-matched healthy untrained men were randomly assigned to a control group (n=10) and four training groups: 20% 1-repetition maximum (1RM) (n=9), 40% 1RM (n=8), 60% 1RM (n=7) and 80% 1RM (n=8). The subjects performed circuit resistance training consisting of barbell bench press, underarm flab, seated barbell curl, triceps exercise with chains, lying leg curl, squats, hyperextension, abs workout, sit-ups and quadriceps workouts (30 seconds each) in three bouts without rest between stations and with active rest (3 minutes) between sets or bouts. The training protocol was carried out for 45 minutes per session, three sessions a week, for five weeks. Venous blood samples were taken 48 hours before the first exercise session and 48 hours after the last training session. After separating plasma, HDL-associated apoM was measured using commercial ELISA kits. SPSS 16 was used for analysis of data using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test at significant level of 0.05.
Results: After the training intervention, the exercise groups had higher apoM levels in total HDL and HDL-2 compared to the control group (P>0.05). However, no significant difference in HDL-associated apoM level was observed between the study groups.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that various intensities of circuit resistance training can alter HDL-associated apoM levels. The decreased HDL-3-associated apoM level could indicate increased rate of apoM transfer to HDL-2, which could potentially prevent development of atherosclerosis and CAD by enhancing the antioxidant effects of HDL.
Keywords: Circuit Resistance Training, Total HDL-M, HDL3-M, HDL2-M.
Kazem Ranjbar, Hassan Matin Homaie, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani, Maghsoud Piri,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (1-2020)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Liver is one of the vital organs of the human body. Antioxidants have been shown to play important roles in reducing liver injuries. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of gallic acid supplementation and resistance exercise on liver damage biomarkers in male rats intoxicated by steroid anabolic.
Materials and Methods: Forty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six equal groups: control, sham, steroid anabolic (5 mg/kg), steroid anabolic (5 mg/kg) + gallic acid supplementation (50 mg/kg), steroid anabolic (5 mg/kg) + resistance exercise, and steroid anabolic (5 mg/kg) + gallic acid supplementation (50 mg/kg) + resistance exercise. Except for control and sham groups, all groups received (injection) steroid anabolic at a dose of 5 mg / kg body weight once a week. The resistance exercise protocol was comprised of three weekly exercise sessions by 5 rep/3 set of climbing ladder for eight weeks. Data were analyzed via ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test at a significance level of P<0.05.
Results: The hepatic enzymes (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase) and bilirubin (total and direct), "In the gallic acid supplementation group (P<0.01, p<0.01, p<0.01, p<0.02, and p<0.05, respectively), resistance training group (p<0.02, p<0.01, p<0.01, p<0.01, and p<0.05, respectively), and the gallic acid supplementation group with resistance exercise (P<0.02, p<0.01, p<0.01, p<0.01, and p<0.01, respectively)" were significantly reduced compared to the anabolic steroid group.
Conclusions: Gallic acid supplementation and resistance exercise significantly reduce liver damage biomarkers. However, the simultaneous use of resistance exercise and gallic acid supplementation has no increasing effects on these biomarkers.
Keywords: Anabolic Agents, gallic acid, Resistance Training.
Reza Bagheri, Samane Darroudi, S Mojtaba Hosseini, Hossein Nikkar, Fatemeh Khodadadi, Somayye Kasraee, Mahbube Sazegar, Amir Rashidlamir,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (5-2020)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in industrialized countries. High level of plasma lipids including cholesterol and triglycerides is one of the most important risk factors of atherosclerosis. Previous studies have shown that three members of the ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G (ABCG4, ABCG5 and ABCG8) are involved in transporting sterols across membranes. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of high-intensity resistance training (HIRT) and aerobic exercise (AE) on expression of the ABCG4, ABCG5 and ABCG8 genes in female athletes.
Methods: Twenty-four female athletes from the Khorasan Province (Iran) were randomly selected and assigned into three groups: control (N=8), AE (N=8) and HIRT (N=8). The subjects in the HIRT group and the AE group performed exercise at intensity of 75-80% of 1-repetion maximum and 75-80% of maximum heart rate, respectively. Blood samples were collected at baseline and immediately after the exercise session. After isolation of lymphocytes by centrifugation and purification of mRNA, gene expression changes were investigated by Real-Time-PCR. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the Tukey's test.
Results: Both training protocols significantly increased the expression of ABCG4, ABCG5 and ABCG8 in the subjects (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the expression of these genes between the experimental groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: A single session of HIRT and AE may have beneficial effects on prevention of atherosclerosis.
Leila Esazadeh, Rambod Khajeie, Alireza Hosseinikakhk,
Volume 14, Issue 6 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and objectives: It has been suggested that concurrent training (CT) improves both health and performance during aging. However, possible effects of CT order have not been evaluated in menopausal women. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate effects of CT order on follistatin, physical fitness factors and functional capacity of postmenopausal women.
Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 33 healthy, sedentary, postmenopausal women were divided into three groups of endurance training-resistance training (ET+RT; n=11), resistance training-endurance training (RT+ET; n=10) and control (C; n= 12). The training exercises were performed three times a week for eight weeks.
Results: Weight and body fat percentage did not differ significantly between the groups (P>0.05). Muscular strength, endurance and aerobic capacity increased significantly in both training groups (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the effects of the training orders. There was a significant time × group interaction regarding the follistatin levels after the CT intervention. However, there was no significant difference in the follistatin levels between the groups.
Conclusion: Based on the results, the order of eight weeks of CT training does not significantly affect body fat percentage, physical fitness factors and functional capacity of postmenopausal women. However, the percentage changes in the mentioned variables are higher in the ET+RT exercise order.
Farnaz Aminian, Seyyed Mahmood Hejazi, Sadegh Cheragh Birjandi,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Blood flow restriction training (BFRT) has gained substantial interest due to the lower required intensity, which may be beneficial for individuals who are not able to lift heavy weights. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating effects of 12 weeks of resistance training with and without blood flow restriction on follistatin (FST) concentrations and physical performance in elderly females.
Methods: Thirty elderly female were randomly assigned into the following groups: resistance training with blood flow restriction (BFRT; n=10), resistance training without blood flow restriction (WBFRT; n=10) and control ( n=10). The resistance training was carried out three session a week for 12 weeks. Serum concentrations of FST, muscular endurance and dynamic balance were assessed at baseline and after the 12week intervention.
Results: Significant main effects of time were observed for FST (p =0.03, η2 = 0.15), muscular endurance (p = 0.00, η2 = 0.59) and dynamic balance (p=0.00, η2 = 0.57). FST [BFRT= 1.4 ng/ml (effect size Cohen’s {d} = -0.8) significantly increased only in BFRT group. However, muscular endurance [BFRT= 95 (d= -4.1) and WBFRT = 32 (d= -0.9)] significantly increased in both intervention groups (P<0.05). In addition, dynamic balance [BFRT= -0.5 seconds (d= 2.2)] significantly increased only in the BFRT group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: BFRT was able to increase FST concentrations. Due to its mechanistic role in muscle mass alterations, elderly females can incorporate our BFRT protocol to improve anabolic conditions for muscular adaptations.
Mohammad Hossein Akha, Seyed Abdollah Hashemvarzi,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of an eight-weeks endurance and strength training on levels of cellular and vascular adhesion molecules in obese men.
Methods: Twenty-four obese volunteer men as subjects in this study were selected from Tehran and randomly assigned to control, endurance training, and strength training groups. The enduranBackground and objectives: Obesity, particularly abdominal obesity, is the most common cause of metabolic abnormalities, such as metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to compare effects of eight weeks of endurance and strength trainings on serum levels of cellular and vascular adhesion molecules in obese men.
Methods: Twenty-four obese men were randomly assigned to control, endurance training and strength training groups. The endurance training group performed a modified treadmill running protocol with an intensity of 50-70% of maximum heart rate. The resistance training included chest press, armpit stretch and leg and crus presses at intensity of 50-80% of one-repetition maximum. Serum levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM--1) were measured using commercial ELISA kits. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test at significance of 0.05.
Results: Serum VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 levels decreased significantly in both training groups compared to the control group (P=0.0001). The reduction of serum VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 levels was more significant in the endurance training group than in the resistance training group.
Conclusion: Given the favorable effects of endurance and resistance trainings on serum levels of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, the eight-week training could be performed as a protective intervention in obese people.ce training group performed a modified running protocol with an exercise intensity of 50% to 70% of HRmax on the treadmill. Resistance exercises also included chest press, armpit stretch, and leg and crus presses. The training intensity was 50% to 80% of 1-RM. Serum levels of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 were measured using ELISA commercial kits. Data were analyzed by One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey at the significant level P<0.05.
Results: VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 levels decreased significantly in training groups compared to the control (P = 0.0001). Significant differences were also found between the values of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in the endurance training group compared to the resistance training group (P = 0.0001).
Conclusion: Overall, the levels of molecules showed that the values of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 decreased significantly in the exercise group compared to the control group, but this decrease was more significant in the endurance training group. Therefore, it seems that 8 weeks of training in obese people can be very useful and prevent many diseases.
Noosha Amiri, Mahtab Moazzami, Ali Yaghoubi,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (7-2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the centralnervous system that can be tracked through biomarkers of disease status. The present study aimed to examine effect of eight weeks of resistance training on serum levels of neurofilament light chain and tau protein in women with multiple sclerosis (MS).
Methods: The study population consisted of 24 women with MS (aged 25 to 40 years) in Bojnourd (Iran) with expanded disability status scale score of 2-5. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of resistance training (n=12) and control (n=12). The training group performed 45-60 minutes of resistance training, three sessions a week for eight weeks. The control group did not partake in sports activity. Blood samples were taken 24 hours before the first session and 48 hours after the last training session. Analysis of covariance was used to analyze data at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The eight-week resistance training intervention significantly decreased serum level of tau protein but had no significant effect on serum level of neurofilamet light chain.
Conclusion: According to the research results, eight weeks of resistance training could have favorable effects on serum level of tau protein in MS patients.
Mahnaz Shahbazi, Naser Behpoor, Mohammad Faramarzi, Ebrahim Banitalebi,
Volume 15, Issue 5 (9-2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Bone-related osteokines play an important role in the response of bone metabolism to physical activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of different intensities of resistance training on serum levels of some osteokines associated with the Wnt signaling pathway and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) pathway in old male Wistar rats.
Methods: Twenty-four old (23 months) male Wistar rats (mean weight: 437.93±33 g) were randomly divided into three groups of moderate-intensity resistance training (n=8), high-intensity resistance training (n=8) and control (n=8). Moderate- and high-intensity resistance trainings were performed at 60% and 80% maximal voluntary carrying capacity, respectively. The level of wclerostin, osteoprotegerin (OPG) and RANKL was evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and at significance level of ≤0.05.
Results: The results showed that sclerostin (p=0.014), OPG (p=0.049) and RANKL (P=0.034) differed significantly between the study groups. The Tukey post-hoc comparison showed that sclerostin decreased significantly in the high-intensity resistance training group compared to moderate-intensity resistance training group (P=0.048). In addition, OPG decreased significantly in the moderate-intensity resistance training group compared to the control group (P=0.033). Moreover, RANKL decreased significantly in the high-intensity resistance training group compared to the control (P=0.048).
Conclusion: The results showed that resistance training with appropriate repetition and intensity can have positive effects on bone formation signaling pathways.
Fatemeh Khodadadi, Seyed Reza Attarzadeh Hosseini, Mohammad Mosaferi,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Previous investigations have shown that physical activity can improve insulin sensitivity and body composition by reducing the concentration of inflammatory biomarkers. The study aimed at evaluating effects of eight weeks of resistance training and high-intensity interval training on adropin, blood glucose markers, and body composition in overweight females.
Methods: sixteen overweight females (mean age: 30 ± 4.3 years and body mass index= 29 ± 2.6 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to a resistance training group (n=8) and a high-intensity interval training group (n=8). Participants in both groups trained three times a week for eight weeks. Body composition and serum level of blood markers were determined at baseline and after the last training session.
Results: Body mass, body fat percentage, and waist-hip ratio decreased significantly in both groups (p<0.05). VO2max significantly increased in both groups, while the changes in the resistance training group were greater than in the high-intensity interval training group (p<0.05). Insulin and HOMA-IR concentrations decreased significantly in the resistance training group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Eight weeks of both training procedures could significantly decrease body composition markers. However, the training duration was not sufficient to alter fating blood sugar or adropin concentrations.
Ayoub Hashemi, Rahman Soori, Ebrahim Banitalebi, Siroos Choobineh ,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Vascular senescence refers to specific aging-associated changes in the endothelial cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of 12 weeks of resistance training with elastic bands on circulating endothelial cell-derived microRNA-92a and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in elderly women with osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO).
Methods: In the present randomized clinical trial, 48 elderly women with OSO were randomly divided into a control group (n=22) and an experimental group (n=26). The subjects in the intervention group performed 12 weeks of resistance training with elastic bands three times a week. The participants became familiar with targeted number of repetitions and OMNI-resistance exercise scale to control exercise intensity.
Results: The mean age, body fat percentage, body mass index (BMI), and bone mineral density T-score for the hip and L1-L4 lumbar spine of the subjects were 64.13±3.68 years, 45.4%±6.56, 33.1±3.71 kg/m2, and -1.86±1.42, respectively. After the 12-week resistance training, we observed a significant decrease in serum level of mir-92a in the experimental group compared to the control group (p=0.03). However, there was no significant difference between the study groups in terms of body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, total cholesterol, and ET-1 (p≥0.05).
Conclusion: The 12-week resistance training program seems to modulate and decrease serum mir-92a expression in elderly women with OSO. The lack of a significant change in BMI, body fat percentage, and ET-1 levels following the exercise training might be due to the type and intensity of the exercises.
