Showing 12 results for Human
S Abedian, A.m Mirabi, Mr Parsaee,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (10-2008)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: Dendritic Cells are the most important of antigen presenting cells with an effective role in immune tolerance. This study, aims to clarify the role of IFN- β in induction on dendritic cells derived by monocyte in diabetes type1 to evaluate the T cells response to beta cell specific antigenic molecule. Material and Methods: In this research, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by phiCole and then dendritic cells generated from blood monocytes ,in Seven days, by adding granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor and interleukin-4 with or without IFN-beta. MRNA was extracted by dendritic cells and cDNA was produced by reverse transcriptase enzyme. Then, Specific polymerase chain reaction for HLA-G was performed. In addition, Tcell proliferation with a mixed Leukocytic reaction evaluated between dendritic cell and T by means of MTT. Results: based on the results, IFN-β induces HLA-G molecule on dendritic cells. In addition, T cell proliferation responses in mixed leukocyte culture show significance difference between Case and control p<0.05. T cell proliferation was inhibited in their co-culture system affected by IFN-β Conclusion: In this study, we show that dendritic cells-treated IFN-β with expression of HLA-G molecule inhibited T cell proliferation and so, our results suggest that some of the IFN- β regulatory effects with expression of HLA-G can probably prevent from beta cell destruction. Key words: dendritic cells, Interferon Beta, Human Leukocytic Antigen-G.
H Ghaffari, A Moradi, A Ghaemi, N Javid, M Talkhabifard, H Naziri, A Tabaraei,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (8-2014)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Cytomegalovirus (CMV), one of the most common opportunistic pathogens in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), can cause the diseases such as encephalitis, pneumonia, and chorioretinitis. This study aimed at molecular studying of CMV infection in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Material and Methods: In this study, 50 venous blood samples from HIV-infected individuals were taken. Patients were divided into two categories: patients under treatment with and without antiretroviral drugs. Plasma were separated from blood samples and examined for the presence of cytomegalovirus genome by PCR. Material and Methods: this study was conducted on 50 blood samples from HIV-infected individuals, and plasma was separated and examined for the presence of cytomegalovirus genome by PCR. Patients were divided into two group of under treatment with and without antiretroviral drugs. Results: Of 50, 28 (% 56) were men and 22 (% 44) were women. CMV genome was identified in 8 samples (16%), and the molecular prevalence of CMV infection was 21.4% (n= 6) in males and 9.1% (n = 2) in females. Conclusion: Given the frequency of Cytomegalovirus Active Infection in HIV-infected individuals under antiretroviral therapy, we should be careful about the treatment of Cytomegalovirus Active Infection. Keywords: Active Infection, Cytomegalovirus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Shiraz, PCR
A Kazemi, K Esmaili Torkanpouri,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (8-2014)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objective: Nowadays, effective human resources management plays an important role in success of organizations. In order to achieve high efficiency of limited resources, managers of organizations try to allocate the best possible human resources for every section. This kind of decision is one of the challenges that human resource managers are facing with. Material and Methods: Using analytic hierarchy process and considering qualitative and quantitative criteria, we carried out the most suitable allocation in a medical laboratory and selected the best possible team of experts for each section. Results: Regarding specific attributes eight experts were allocated to three sections of a medical laboratory. Conclusion: Analytic hierarchy process is a suitable method for allocating human resources to different sections of a company. Keywords: Human Resources, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Medical Laboratory
Roohi, Z, Moradi Bidhendi, S, Khaki, P,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis infectious disease that is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions and is caused by the pathogenic serovars of leptospires. Hence, we aimed at investigating the prevalence of antibodies against these bacteria in the blood samples of suspected leptospirosis.
Material and Methods: the human serum samples (N = 130) were obtained from patients clinically suspected leptospirosis. The Serum level of IgM antibodies were studied by ELISA kit (PrioCHECK) in Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (Karaj), 2011-2012.
Results: Anti-leptospira IgM class was observed in 21(16%) samples. The relative distribution of the disease was reported in men (80.95%), women (19.04%), and farmers (30.95%) and in 20-40-year group (57.14%). Contact with contaminated water was the most common cause of infection (52.38%) and fever was the most common sign of Leptospirosis (72.2%).
Conclusion: Due to the occurrence of anti-leptospira antibodies in 16% of suspected cases, it is recommended that routine ELISA be done at least in major diagnostic centers.
Keywords: Leptospira, Leptospirosis, Human, ELISA
Kelishadi, M, Kelishadi, M. (md), Moradi, A, Bazouri, M, Tabaraei, A,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (9-2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Ophthalmic pterygium is a potentially vision-threatening lesion of unknown etiology that often extends on the corneal surface and has a worldwide distribution. Despite various studies, the pathogenesis of pterygium remains unclear and the involvement of human papillomavirus is controversial. We aimed to investigate the involvement of papillomavirus in pterygium formation.
Material and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 50 tissue specimens of pterygium from the patients who had pterygium surgery as the case group and 10 conjunctival biopsy specimens of individuals without pterygium including the patients with cataract surgery, as controls. The evidence of papillomavirus infection was tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results: All samples, case and control, were not positive for papillomavirus. Both groups were positive for beta-globulin gene used to check the quality of extracted DNA.
Conclusion: In this study, due to the absence of papillomavirus in the context of Pterygium it seems that other factors are involved in causing the disease.
Keywords: Pterygium; Human Papilloma Virus; PCR.
Hossein Khani , Alijan Tabarraei , Abdolvahab Moradi ,
Volume 12, Issue 6 (11-2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: Coronaviruses are the main causes of respiratory tract infections in humans. They are also the second leading cause of common cold after rhinoviruses, and can lead to otitis media and asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular detection of coronaviruses in clinical samples of patients with flu-like symptoms.
Methods: Specimens were taken from 297 patients with flu-like symptoms who were referred to the influenza laboratory of Golestan University of Medical Sciences during 2012-2014. RNA was extracted from the specimens using an RNA extraction kit. Accordingly, RNA was used for cDNA synthesis and GAPDH was used as the internal control. Synthesized cDNA was investigated for presence of human coronaviruses genome with real-time polymerase chain reaction using specific primers. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 software.
Results: The coronavirus genome was not detected in the specimens of patients with flu-like symptoms.
Conclusion: Genome of human coronaviruses is absent in samples from patients with upper respiratory tract infections and influenza-like symptoms, which may indicate the low prevalence of the virus in the Golestan Province, Iran.
KEYWORDS: Human coronaviruses, Upper respiratory tract infection, Golestan Province.
Mishar Kelishadi , Mandana Kelishadi , Akramsadat Ahmadi , Naeme Javid , G.hossein Ashrafi , Alijan Tabarraei ,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (3-2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: Pterygium is a non-cancerous growth of conjunctival tissue that can extend onto the corneal surface. The presence of some oncogenic viruses in pterygium and the neoplastic nature of these lesions led us to the postulated involvement of the viruses in the etiology of pterygium. Given the
association of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) with ocular diseases, we aimed to investigate
presence of this virus in
pterygium.
Methods: Fifty tissue specimens were collected from patients with pterygium who underwent pterygium surgery between February 2013 and May 2015. The specimens were tested by real-time PCR using
Maxima SYBR Green/ROX qPCR Master Mix (2X) kit. Demographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed using SPSS software (version 18).
Results: Six (12 %) specimens were positive for HHV-6 DNA. There was no statistically significant correlation between pterygium and presence of HHV-6.
Conclusion: Based on the results, a direct association between HHV-6 and development of pterygium seems less probable, which suggests that other etiologic agents must be involved in the multistep process of the disease.
Keywords: Human Herpesvirus 6; pterygium; Real-time PCR.
Mishar Kelishadi , Mandana Kelishadi , G.hossein Ashrafi , Alijan Tabarraei ,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (7-2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Pterygium is a common ocular surface lesion that manifest as wing-shaped, benign
conjunctival growth, which can extend onto the corneal surface. Presence of some oncogenic viruses in pterygium and the neoplastic nature of the lesion led us to the postulated involvement of the viruses in the etiology of pterygia. The aim of this study was to evaluate prevalence and possible role of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in the formation of pterygia.
Methods: Fifty pterygium specimens and 10 normal conjunctival biopsy specimens (controls) were investigated by polymerase chain reaction using primers specific for the highly conserved regions of major capsid protein gene of HCMV. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software (IBM SPSS Statistics 18; IBM Corporation, USA) at significance level of 0.05.
Results: The HCMV DNA was detected in seven (14%) patients with pterygium but in none of the control subjects. All subjects were β-globin positive.
Conclusion: Given the results, direct involvement of HCMV in the development of pterygium seems less probable, thus suggesting that other agents might be involved in the multistep process of the disease.
Keywords: Human Cytomegalovirus, Pterygium, Polymerase Chain Reaction.
Mohadeseh Kamali, Ali Kamali, Mehdi Taheri Sarvtin,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (5-2020)
Abstract
Background and objective: Human breast milk is the primary food for newborns that possess all essential nutrients for their growth and health. However, breast milk can be contaminated with various toxins including aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), a hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B1 formed in the liver and excreted into the breast milk. This toxin can have immunosuppressive, mutagenic, teratogenic and carcinogenic effects. The present study aimed to investigate the level of AFM1 in human breast milk samples from Jiroft (Kerman Province), Iran.
Methods: A total of 84 human breast milk samples were collected from lactating mothers who were referred to number one clinic in Jiroft from April 2016 to January 2017. The level of AFM1 was measured using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
Results: Aflatoxin M1 was detected in all (100%) human breast milk samples within the interval values of 3.2 to 8.8 ng/L (mean, 4.1±0.7 ng/L). The level of AFM1 in all samples was lower than the maximum tolerable limit (25 ng/L) suggested by the EU and the Codex Alimentarius Commission.
Conclusion: Although AFM1 is present in all human breast milk samples from the city of Jiroft, the level of this toxin is within the tolerable limit. Therefore, it seems that infants are not at risk.
Zeinab Nazari, Javad Ghaffari, Negar Ghaffari,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (5-2020)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is a virus of the Retroviridae family, which has infected more than 20 million people around the world. The study aimed to review the prevalence of HTLV infection in pregnant women.
Methods: We searched various databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, SID, Magiran and Irandoc using the following keywords: HTLV-1, HTLV-2, Retroviridae, pregnancy, prevalence, incidence, women and female. Abstracts, short/brief reports as well as original and review articles published on HTLV-1 and/or HTLV-2 infection during pregnancy until October 2018 were included in the study.
Results: We found five articles from Iran and 14 articles from other parts of the world on the prevalence of HTLV-1 infection in pregnant women. Prevalence of HTLV-1 and or HTLV-2 was higher in pregnant women than in non-pregnant women in cities of Mashhad and Neyshabur, Razavi Khorasan Province (1.5 to 3.3 %), northeastern Iran, which are endemic areas of Iran for HTLV-1 infection. The incidence rate of HTLV-1 infection was 400-500 per 10,000 pregnant women in endemic areas of Japan. In Brazil, the rate of HTLV-1 infection in pregnant women was estimated to be 1.05%.
Conclusion: The prevalence of HTLV-1 varies among pregnant women depending on residence in endemic or non-endemic areas for HTLV-1. In endemic areas, it is recommended to perform routine screening for HTLV-1 infection in the general population, especially pregnant women.
Mana Zakeri, Alireza Mohebbi, Fatemeh Sana Askari, Mohammad Yasaghi,
Volume 14, Issue 6 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Pathogenesis of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) is controlled by viral and host factors, among which human histone acetyltransferase p300 (EP300) plays an important role. This study aimed to examine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the EP300 binding site in patients with HPV-associated anogenital wart.
Methods: After DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine HPV genotypes. Human p300 was amplified to detect SNPs using Sanger sequencing.
Results: Overall, 35.3% of HPV-6-positive patients had Ile997Val substitution at the EP300 binding site. Another SNP containing A to G point mutation leading to Glu983Gly was also detected. In addition, Ile997Val substitution of EP300 was frequently observed in the patients.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the EP300 genotype Ile/Val can be involved in HPV-6 pathogenesis. In addition, we introduced a new genotype (Glu983Gly) at the EP300 bromodomain site, which requires further investigation.
Roghayeh Norouzi, Sajjad Jafari, Haniyeh Meshkati, Fahimeh Bagheri Amiri, Abolghasem Siyadatpanah,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Head louse, also known as Pediculus humanus capitis, is an obligate ectoparasite that is a distributed all around the world. The aim of present study was to determine the prevalence of head lice infestation in primary school students in Tabriz, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
Methods: Overall, 3,032 students (1,515 boys and 1,517 girls) from 33 primary schools in Tabriz were selected via multi-stage cluster sampling in 2018. The students were examined individually and privately by experts. Head lice infestation was confirmed by detecting adult or nymph or nits less than 1 cm from base of hair. Data analysis was carried out in SPSS software package (version 23). Association of participants’ characteristics with pediculosis infestation was evaluated using logistic regression and chi-square test at significance level of 0.05.
Results: Head lice infestation was present in 130 (4.29%) students, while the prevalence of this condition was higher in girls (2.11%) than in boys. The highest prevalence (6.05 %) was observed in children age 6 years old regardless of gender. The rate of head lice infestation was lowest among students aged ≥12 years (3.17%). There was a significant relationship between head louse infestation and parent’s occupation, family size, the frequency of combing and hair style.
Conclusion: Although the prevalence of head lice infestation in Tabriz is relatively low, screening and treating schoolchildren should be done continuously in order to reduce the infestation rate.
