Showing 24 results for Yazd
Mahsa Yazdi, Ali Nazemi, Mir Saed Mir Nargasi, Mr Khataminejad, Sh Sharifi, M Babai Kochkaksaraei,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (Spring - Summer 2010[PERSIAN] 2010)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: Beta-lactamase enzymes are the most causes of resistance to antibiotics among gram-negative bacteria. Nowadays, Infections due to ESBLs are being increased throughout the world and is considered as a new burden to the health systems. This study aimed at determining the sensitivity pattern of E.coli isolates to beta-lactam antibiotics, and investigating the presence of blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV genes in the urine samples. . Material and Methods: In this study, 244 E.coli isolates were screened in 2009-2010. The antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli isolates were determined by disc-diffusion method. Antimicrobial agents tested were cefoxatime, ceftazidime, imipenem, nalidixic acid, and ciprofloxacin. The combined disc test was used to confirm the results. The results were compared to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and ESBL positive isolates were further investigated for the presence of blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV genes by PCR. Results: Of 244 E. coli isolates, 116 (47.1%) are resistant to Ceftazidime, and 96 (39.2%) to cefoxatime. Also, 109 (44.3%) isolates are ESBL positive. blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV genes are found among 95 (87.1%), 75 (68.8%), and 77 (70.6%) ESBL positive isolates, respectively. Forty (36.6%) isolates have all three genes, while 68 (62.3%) include blaTEM and blaSHV genes. Moreover, 61 (55.9%) isolates carry blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes, and 54(49.5%) have blactx-M and blashv. Conclusion: Regarding the high frequency of resistance to the third generation cephalosporin antibiotics, precise antibiogram testing is highly recommended before any antibiotic prescription in cases of infections with ESBL producing microorganisms. Key words: ESBL Escherichia coli blaCTX-M blaTEM blaSHV.
Soltan Dallal. M.m, Rahimi Forushani, A., Sadigh Maroufi, S, Sharifi Yazdi, K,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (Autumn – Winter 2011[PERSIAN] 2011)
Abstract
Abstract Bachground and objectives: Salmonella is one of the most important agents of gastrointestinal infection and diarrhea in our country. Misdiagnosis of these bacteria leads to cure failure. The aim of this study was to make a comparison between PCR and the API-20E and conventional biochemical tests carried out for the identification of Salmonella. Material and Methods: In this study 470 specimens taken from children, with acute gastroenteritis, referred to teaching hospitals called Imam, Shariati and children medical centre. The specimens were transferred to microbiology laboratory in public health school for identification of Salmonella with PCR and API-20E methods. Results: Of 470 specimens, 65(13.8%) are positive for salmonella in hospital laboratory, while 37 (7.9%) for API-20E and 39 (8.3%) for PCR are positive. The results of antibiotic sensitivity tests on 39 salmonella isolated from diarrhea specimens show that 73.3% of them are resistance to at least one of the sixteen antibiotics tested. Conclusion: Based on the the results, there is significant difference (P<0.05) between conventional method, API-20E and PCR Key words: Salmonella, conventional identification, molecular identification
Babaii Kochaksaraii M, Nasrolahiomran A, Javid N, Shakeri F, Yazdi M, Ghaemi E A,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (spring-summer[PERSIAN] 2012)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: The increase of ESBL producing E.coli can create a tremendous difficult y for the health system. These isolates leads to rapid transmission of causative genes to other clinically important bacteria and synchronously increased resistant to other antibiotics. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of this isolate and related genes in Gorgan, North of Iran. Material and Methods: This study was conducted on 218 isolated E.coli from urinary tract infection of outpatients referring to six medical laboratories in Gorgan, during 2010-11. The resistance to Cefotaxim (Mast Co.) was assessed by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The confirmatory test for detection of resistant isolates was carried out by double disk method at the presence of Cefotaxim and clavulanic acid. The presence of β lactamase gene of blatem, blactx and blashv in ESBL was assessed by PCR method. Results: of 218, 70 isolates (32.1%) are resistant to Cefotaxim. Sixty-two (88.6%) of them are confirmed as ESBL producing E.coli. β lactamase genes of blactx, blatem and blashv can be seen in 28(45.2%), 26(41.9%) and 6(9.7%) isolates, respectively. Conclusion: the prevalence of ESBL producing E.coli in Gorgan is in the range of country average and blaCTX-M gene is the most common gene. Key words: E.coli, ESBL, bla gene, UTI
Saadatmand M M (msc), Yazdanshenas M E (phd), Rezaei-Zarchi S (phd), Yousefi-Telori B (bsc), Negahdary M (msc),
Volume 6, Issue 1 (spring-summer[PERSIAN] 2012)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: In this research, the formation of chitosan-TiO2 nanocomposite and its antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus was investigated Material and Methods: to study the results, we used Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transition electron microscopy (TEM) images, infrared (IR) spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible. Optical Density (OD) was also measured by spectrophotometer then the effect of this nano composite, in the vicinity of aforementioned bacteria, on the sterilized gauze in solid Muller Hinton Agar and TSB liquid mediums was assessed Results: The mentioned nanocomposite was formed with the composition of 4mg/ml Chitosan concentration and 2% titanium dioxide concentration. Finally, we observed that this nanocomposite near 100% could prevent bacterial growth and in the presence of this material did not grow any bacteria. Conclusion: chitosan-Tio2 Nanocomposite can be useful on culture medium and sterilized gauze to control pathologic bacteria. Key words: nanocomposite, nanochitosan, titanium dioxide, antibacterial, sterilized gauze
Mm Soltan Dallal, A Rahimi Forushani, K Sharifi Yazdi, B Nikmanesh, A Rastegar Lari,, A Aminharati,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (spring[PERSIAN] 2013)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objectives: gasterointertidis is one of the most common forms of Salmonellosis, which is a worldwide problem. The invasive characteristic of intestinal bacteria is one of their pathogenicity Mechanisms , which can be easily investigated by cell culture technique. In this study ,the invasive characteristic of some Salmonella serogroup were investigated by using HEP-2 cell.
Methods and Material: The rectals soap were prepared from 280 diarrhea patients referred to Imam Khomeyni and children medical centres , 140 with bloody diarrhea and 140 with watery diarrhea as a comparison group. The rectal soap was taken before patients taking any antibiotics, and 140 rectal specimens were taken from healthy people as a control group. All the samples were inoculated in differential and selective media, like Hektoen enteric agar and Xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar .After incubation at 37C for 24 hours, the colonies were examined and identified by conventional biochemical and serological tests. Using HEP-2, cellular invasion characteristic of Salmonella serogroups was assessed. Moreover, the antibiotic resistance patterns were performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).
Results: Of all tested samples, 35(8.3%) are Salmonella strains. The frequency of Salmonella is reported for bloody diarrhea (5.2%) , watery diarrhea ( 1.7%) and control group( 1.4%) .The most abundant serogroups with invasive characteristic, using HEP-2 cell culture, are serogroup B ( 62.9%) and D (17.2%).
Conclusion
The results obtained in this study show that the majority of Salmonella isolates are without invasive characteristic.
Key words: Salmonella, Diarrhea, Cell invasion, Cell culture
N Keyhanvar, A Tabarraei, Y Yazdani,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (summer[PERSIAN] 2013)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objective: Hepcidin is a cystein-rich antimicrobial peptide, which is secreted by the liver. It fights against wide spectrum of bacteria, viruses and fungi and it is a major regulator of iron homeostasis. Today, scientists have made many efforts on the production of hepcidin. Baculovirus expression system is one of the best eukaryotic expression systems for production of recombinant hepcidin and production of the recombinant vector is one of the most important steps in this expression system. Material & Methods: First, the total RNA was separated from HepG2 cell line as a source of hepcidin expression. Then, after synthesis of total cDNA, human hepcidin sequence was amplified, using specific primers by PCR method. Next, hepcidin sequence was cloned into pTZ57R/T vector. After digestion of recombinant vector using ECoRI and BamHI restriction enzymes, recombinant pFastBac HT B vector containing human hepcidin cDNA was produced. Results: Coding sequence of human hepcidin is correctly cloned into pTZ57R/T vector and sub cloning into pFastBac HT B vector is performed successfully. The presence of a clear band near 274 bp resulted from PCR amplification and restriction enzyme are the confirmation of the cloning of human hepcidin. Conclusion: According to our knowledge, the present study is the first work that focuses on recombinant vector containing coding sequence of human prohepcidin. This recombinant vector can be used for human hepcidin production. Key words: Vector, Hepcidin, Iron
N Hashemi, Y Yazdani,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (Autumn[PERSIAN] 2014)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. Mucosal feeding of myelin basic protein binding to the cholera toxin B subunit can reduce the intensity of the immune response in MS patients. Expression system, the domain composition of the fusion protein, accessibility of two domains, codon adaptation index (CAI) and GC contents are very important for the large scale production of fusion protein.
Material and Methods: we used DNA2, PSIPRED and ProtParam softwares for designing the best form to produce fusion protein. Moreover, the correct open reading frame of myelin basic protein was also considered. First the coding sequence was verified and then synthesized. For confirmation of the recombinant vector, PCR test was carried out using T7 primers. Finally it was inserted into the cloning site of pET28 expression vector.
Results: After coding optimization, the CAI rate was increased from 64 % to 80% and GC content from 41 % to 49%. The presence of a band near 700bp resulted from PCR amplification test demonstrates the correct cloning of recombinant vectors in the cloning site of pET28 expression vector.
Conclusion: According to software and experimental analysis, the designed sequence probably in the best form could be used for production of recombinant protein.
Keywords: Multiple Sclerosis, Cholera Toxin, Myelin Basic Protein
H Haghighatfard, Y Yazdani, Y.,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (March, April[PERSIAN] 2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: the inhibition of tumor-associated angiogenesis can significantly reduce the tumor proliferation. The basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), an important angiogenic factor, is considered as a potential therapeutic target for cancer therapy. The purpose of this study was evaluating, designing and construction of new recombinant DNA molecule in order to have efficient expression of a fusion protein consisting of the bFGF and immunodominant epitopes of Pseudomonas toxin.
Material and Methods: Different types of peptide linker, codon adaptation index (CAI) and adding signal peptide were considered in designing of immunogenic coding sequence. After software evaluation, the recombinant DNA molecule was ordered in the puc57 cloning vector. Then, coding sequence inserted into the multiple cloning site of pET28-a plasmid. Finally, PCR and enzymatic digestion tests were done for evaluation of recombinant expression vector.
Results: Optimization of DNA sequence, codon adaptation index (CAI) increased from 0.69 to 0.83 and GC content decreased from 61 to 54.77. The presence of 1214-bp PCR product and 1029-bp one obtaining from enzymatic digestion confirmed the correction of the cloning process.
Conclusion: According to the previous studies, it is the first work for designing, optimizing and synthesis of recombinant DNA consisting of bFGF and immunodominant epitopes of Pseudomonas toxin.
Keywords: Tumor angiogenesis, immunodominant epitopres of Pseudomonas toxin, Fibroblast growth factor 2, DNA 2 software
Pouryazdanpanah, N, Karvar, M, Ghazanfari, Z,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (may,jun 2015[PERSIAN] 2015)
Abstract
Background and objective: Bioindicators of drinking water are always influenced by physical and chemical factors such as turbidity and chlorine. Considering the assessment of drinking water quality is based on residual chlorine, E.coli, heterotrophic bacteria and turbidity. We aimed to evaluate the effect of pH, chlorine residual and turbidity on the microbial bioindicators.
Material and methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, 324 and 32 water samples were collected from rural and urban water distribution network of Aq Qala city in 2013, respectively. All steps were performed according to standard methods.
Results: In rural water supply, 5%, 9% and 33% of the samples were contaminated with fecal coliform, fecal streptococcus and the heterotrophic more than 500CFU / ml. In urban network, coliform contamination was not seen and other bioindicators were less than those of rural networks were. Turbidity of above 5 NTU in urban and rural samples was 3 and 9 percent, respectively. Bioindicators had significant relationship with residual chlorine, fecal coliform bacteria with pH and turbidity with heterotrophic bacteria (P ≤0.05).
Conclusion: The presence of fecal streptococcus bacteria in some samples without fecal coliform cannot confirm the safety of drinking water. Microbial contamination in the presence of residual chlorine implies that just chlorination is not enough for having healthy water.
Keywords: Chlorine, Turbidity, Biological Factors, Drinking water
Manshouri, M, Yazdanbakhsh, Ar, Bay, A, Sadeghi, M, Tazikeh, F, Elyasi, Sa, Paydar, R,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (Jul,Aug2015[PERSIAN] 2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Swimming pools, which are recreational places, can cause transmission of bacterial diseases, fungal and parasitic infections due to direct contact with various groups of people. We aimed to determine and compare the common microbial indicators in the water of pools and Jacuzzis in Golestan province.
Material and Methods: the samples were obtained from eight indoor pool and Jacuzzi in Golestan province from July to December 2010, to evaluate the biological and physiochemical parameters.
Results: The residual chlorine in the pool and Jacuzzis was 74.3 % and the 41.1 %, respectively, and the difference was significant; the pH level was 70.4 % and 78.1 %, respectively; the mean of turbidity was 17.8 %, and 9.8 % and the difference was not significant. The samples contaminated with total coliform in the pool and Jacuzzi, respectively, were 4.3 % and 15.2 % and with E. coli were 1.3 % and 11.2 %.
Conclusions: The higher contamination of Jacuzzi is related to the higher temperature and turbidity of water, and more exposure of swimmer with water and less recirculation of Jacuzzi water. The high turbidity, lack of desired residual chlorine and choliform contamination are the main problems of swimming pools and Jacuzzi in Golestan province.
Keywords: Biological indicators, Microbial, Pool, Golestan Province.
Hamidreza Yazdi, Fatemeh Piran , Sanaz Royani, Mojgan Nejabat, Gholamreza Roshandel, Mahsa Taherizadeh, Hamid Reza Joshaghani,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (sep,Oct 2015 2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Concentration low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the strongest indicators of atherosclerosis and predicts the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. LDL measurement accuracy is very important. LDL can be measured directly, such as enzymatic and nephelometry methods or can be calculated using Friedewald's formula. Despite the development of enzymatic methods and LDL nephelometry still in most laboratories is calculated using Friedewald's formula. The aim of this study was an investigation of correlation coefficient between two methods of measuring LDL- cholesterol levels.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study, performed on the 1141 patients. Cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL all patients assayed by enzymatic method. For patients with triglyceride levels of less than 400 mg/dl had LDL levels were calculated by Friedewald's formula. Normal levels of LDL/HDL ratio of less than 3.5 were considered.
Results: Of the 1141 patients participating in this study, 38.3 % men and 61.7 % women. The mean patient age was 46.3 ± 16.1 years. Mean serum cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL were 177.9 ± 41.1, 132.9 ± 73.2 and 45.8 ± 13.2 mg/dl, respectively. Average direct and calculated LDL concentration was 82.1 ± 23.1 and 105.5 ± 35.8, respectively. The direct measurement of LDL, LDL/HDL levels in 97.1% of cases was normal, while 85.1 % of the calculation of LDL were normal. Pearson correlation coefficients were obtained by two methods: 0.869 (p <0.001).
Conclusion: Despite the favorable correlation between two methods of measurements of LDL, the results of a calculation method is more than direct method. This can have a negative impact on the judgment of the treating physician.
Key words: LDL, Enzymatic Method, Friedewald's Formula.
Nourollah Ramroodi , Mohammad Taghi Kardi , Majid Bouzari , Marzieh Rezaei , Majid Komijani , Mahsa Yazdi,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (May-Jun 2016 2016)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Herpes simplex encephalitis is a life-threatening consequence of the central nervous system (CNS) infection with Herpes simplex virus (HSV). Although it is a rare disease, mortality rates reach 70% in the absence of therapy and only a minority of individuals can return to normal function. The aim of this study was to determine possible correlation between HSV infection and the incidence of encephalitis in patients with neurological signs.
Methods: Overall, 152 CSF samples were tested from patients with neurological signs referred to Mahdieh Clinical Laboratory in Isfahan from 2010 to 2013. After cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection, DNA was extracted and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for HSV detection.
Results: Of 152 patients tested, 50 were diagnosed with encephalitis. HSV DNA was present in the CSF of 13 patients with encephalitis. HSV was significantly higher (p< 0.05) in patients with encephalitis, which shows the significance of infection as an etiological factor of this disease. About 60% of the encephalitis cases were in age range of 1-24 months.
Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, Cesarean section is recommended for HSV-positive mothers. A routine real-time PCR test is suggested for HSV detection in patients with encephalitis to avoid unnecessary antiviral treatments.
Mehdi Movaghari, Shaghayegh Anvari, Aylar Jamali, Mahin Yazdani,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (May-Jun 2017)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Vibrio is a genus of bacteria that are widely distributed in aquatic environments. The genus includes several important pathogens that endanger farm animals and humans who ingest seafood or water contaminated with the bacteria. Virulence of Vibrio spp. is regulated by ctxAB and tcpA genes. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Vibrio spp., and tcpA and ctxB virulence genes in isolates from surface water and salt water samples collected from Golestan Province, Iran.
Methods: Overall, 115 water samples were collected from the Caspian Sea coast, lagoons and rivers in the Golestan Province. The samples were filtered by membrane filtration method, and enriched in alkaline peptone water with 1% NaCl. The isolates were grown on TCBS agar, and identified by biochemical tests. Presence of the tcpA and ctxB virulence genes was investigated by polymerase chain reaction.
Results: In this study, Vibrio alginolyticus was the predominant species (38%) isolated from the seawater and surface water samples, followed by Vibrio parahaemolyticus (23%), Vibrio harvei (15%), Vibrio fluvialis (14%) and Vibrio damsela (10%). The virulence genes were not detected in any of the isolates found in the study.
Conclusion: This study indicates that V. alginolyticus is the most prevalent Vibrio spp. in surface water and seawater samples collected from the Golestan Province, Iran.
Keywords: Environmental Vibrio, Surface water, ctx B gene, tcpA gene.
Majid Komijani, Mohammad Taghi Kardi, Khashayar Shahin, Mahsa Yazdi,
Volume 11, Issue 5 (Sep - Oct 2017)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Three major hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigens include HBcAg, HBeAg and HBsAg. HBeAg is the extracellular form of HBcAg, and is seen almost exclusively in people who have circulating serum HBV DNA. Presence of HBsAg in serum indicates that the individual has contracted HBV infection. Chronic hepatitis HBeAg-negative/anti-HBe–positive is known as an important form of chronic hepatitis B in the Mediterranean region. In this report, we used Real-Time PCR and ELISA for detection of HBV and HBeAg/HbsAg, respectively. In our investigation on 4743 HBV cases referred to the Mahdieh Clinical Laboratory between 2008 and 2016, we found a
53-year-old man with clinical symptoms of hepatitis and abnormal molecular and serological features. Despite the presence of clinical symptoms and high viral load (128 × 10
5 iu/ml), the patient was HBsAg-positive and HBeAg-negative. Identifying this type of HBV could indicate spread of this type of hepatitis in Isfahan, Iran.
Keywords: Hepatitis B, HbsAg, HBeAg.
Mahsa Yazdi, Majid Bouzari, Ezzat Allah Ghaemi,
Volume 12, Issue 5 (Sep-Oct 2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infectious diseases caused by bacteria. The primary etiologic agent of UTIs is Escherichia coli. Uropathogenic E.coli (UPEC) strains have a number of specific virulence factors, which can worsen UTIs. This study was performed to detect fim, pap, sfa and afa genes among E.coli strains isolated from UTIs.
Methods: A total of 100 E. coli isolates from patients with UTI was collected between June and December 2015 from Mosavi and Sayyad Shirazi hospitals in Gorgan, Iran. All bacterial isolates were identified via standard biochemical testing and Gram straining. Presence of the genes was assessed by polymerase chain reaction.
Results: The frequency of the fim, pap, sfa and afa genes was 100%, 79%, 69% and 8%, respectively. All isolates contained at least one virulence gene. Prevalence of multiple adhesion genes was 6% for all genes and 65% for three genes (fim, pap and sfa) together. In addition, the frequency of the fim gene was significantly higher than that of the other genes (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the high prevalence of virulence factors that can enhance pathogenicity of E. coli. Therefore, these factors could be used as diagnostic markers or vaccine targets.
Keywords: Virulence factors, Urinary tract infection, Uropathogenic Escherichia coli.
Esmat Barooti , Soodabeh Darvish , Nourossadat Kariman , Ghasem Yazdanpanah ,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (Jan-Feb 2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: Accurate diagnosis of preterm rupture of membrane (PROM) is critical during pregnancy, and researchers are seeking ways to decrease the rate of false negative results in diagnostic tests. In the present study, we compare diagnostic properties of Amnisure test and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) test for diagnosis of PROM.
Methods: The study was performed on singleton pregnant women (gestational age: 20 to 41 weeks) who were referred to the Taleghani Hospital in Tehran (Iran) between December 2016 and December 2017. The study included 44 PROM patients and 44 control pregnant women. Speculum examination for cervicovaginal fluid washing, hCG test and Amnisure test were performed for all of patients. Statistical analysis of data was performed in SPSS software package (Version 18, Chicago, IL, USA) using t-test, Chi-square test, and Mann-Whitney test. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: The Amnisure test had better sensitivity and specificity compared with the β-hCG test (95.5% and 97.7% vs. 93.2% and 95.5%). The Amnisure test also had higher positive and negative predictive values than the β-hCG test (97.7% and 95.5% vs. 93.3% and 94.3%). Diagnostic accuracy of the Amnisure test was also higher than that of the β-hCG test (96.6% vs. 94.3%).
Conclusion: According to the results, the two tests have almost equal diagnostic power for detection of PROM during pregnancy.
Keywords: Chorionic Gonadotropin, Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture
Hadi Bazzazi, Yaghoub Yazdani, Nasser Behnampour, Hadi Hossein-Nataj, Ali Memarian, Mehrdad Aghaei,
Volume 13, Issue 6 (Nov-Dec 2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: T helper (Th) lymphocytes play a key role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. As a new subset of lymphocytes, Th9 is thought to be involved in a wide range of disorders including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we evaluated frequency of Th9 and Th2 cells and its correlation with disease activity in patients with different stages of RA.
Methods: The frequency of circulating interleukin 9- and/or interleukin 4-producing CD3+CD8-T cells was determined among 41 patients with established RA, 14 patients with very early RA (VERA) and 23 healthy controls by flow cytometry analysis. Then, correlation of cell frequencies with disease activity score 28 (DAS-28) was assessed. Serum levels of interleukin 6 and anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: Frequency of Th9 cells was significantly higher in RA patients compared to healthy controls (P=0.009). Moreover, mean percentage of circulating Th9 cells in patients with inactive VERA was significantly higher than that in those with active disease (P=0.046). In addition, mean percentage of Th9 cells had a negative correlation with the DAS-28 (r=-0.568, P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between the mean serum level of interleukin 6 and percentage of Th2 and Th9 cells (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Our results suggest that Th9 cells may have a potential role in RA initiation. Thus, targeting Th9 cells could be a promising strategy for advanced RA therapies.
Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis, Th2 cells, Th9 cells.
Mohtaram Yazdanian, Mahtab Moazami, Mohammad Shabani, Sadegh Cheragh Birjandi,
Volume 13, Issue 6 (Nov-Dec 2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Cerebral ischemia causes irreversible structural and functional damage in certain areas of the brain, especially in the hippocampus. The aim of this study was to examine effects of exercise preconditioning on neuronal cell death and expression of neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) in the hippocampal CA1 region following transient global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rat.
Methods: Twenty-one male Wistar rats (weighing 250-300 g) were randomly divided into three groups (control+healthy, control+ischemia and exercise+ischemia). The rats in the exercise group ran on a treadmill five sessions a week for eight weeks. Ischemia was induced by occlusion of both common carotid arteries for 45 minutes. Cresyl violet staining was performed to assess cell death, and real-time PCR was carried out to evaluate expression of NT-4 and TrkB.
Results: Cerebral ischemia was associated with significant neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 region (P<0.05). Exercise significantly decreased the ischemia-induced cell death (P<0.05). NT-4 expression was significantly lower in the control+ischemia group and in the exercise+ischemia group compared to the control+healthy group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the control+ischemia group and the exercise+ischemia group in terms of NT-4 expression (P˃0.05). Moreover, TrkB expression did not differ significantly between the groups (P˃0.05).
Conclusion: When used as a preconditioning stimulant before the induction of cerebral ischemia, exercise could have neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia-induced cell death, but it has no significant effect on NT-4 and TrkB expression.
Keywords: Exercise Preconditioning, Ischemia/Reperfusion, NT-4, TrkB, Cell death.
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Cerebral ischemia causes irreversible structural and functional damage in certain areas of the brain, especially in the hippocampus. The aim of this study was to examine effects of exercise preconditioning on neuronal cell death and expression of neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) in the hippocampal CA1 region following transient global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rat.
Methods: Twenty-one male Wistar rats (weighing 250-300 g) were randomly divided into three groups (control+healthy, control+ischemia and exercise+ischemia). The rats in the exercise group ran on a treadmill five sessions a week for eight weeks. Ischemia was induced by occlusion of both common carotid arteries for 45 minutes. Cresyl violet staining was performed to assess cell death, and real-time PCR was carried out to evaluate expression of NT-4 and TrkB.
Results: Cerebral ischemia was associated with significant neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 region (P<0.05). Exercise significantly decreased the ischemia-induced cell death (P<0.05). NT-4 expression was significantly lower in the control+ischemia group and in the exercise+ischemia group compared to the control+healthy group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the control+ischemia group and the exercise+ischemia group in terms of NT-4 expression (P˃0.05). Moreover, TrkB expression did not differ significantly between the groups (P˃0.05).
Conclusion: When used as a preconditioning stimulant before the induction of cerebral ischemia, exercise could have neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia-induced cell death, but it has no significant effect on NT-4 and TrkB expression.
Keywords: Exercise Preconditioning, Ischemia/Reperfusion, NT-4, TrkB, Cell death.
Mohtaram Yazdanian, Mahtab Moazzami, Mohammad Shabani, Sadegh Cheragh Birjandi,
Volume 14, Issue 5 (Sep-Oct 2020)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Cerebral ischemia causes irreversible structural and functional damages in certain areas of the brain, especially the hippocampus. Evidence indicates that physical exercise may reduce the damages caused by cerebral ischemia. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 8-week exercise preconditioning on the expression of NT-3 and TrkC genes in the CA1 region of the hippocampus after the cerebral ischemic-reperfusion in male rats.
Methods: Twenty-one male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 gr were randomly selected and divided into three groups (healthy control, control + ischemia and exercise + ischemia). Rats in the exercise group ran on a treadmill 5 days per week for 8 weeks. Ischemia by occlusion of both common carotid arteries (CCA) was created for 45 minutes. In order to evaluate the gene expression, Real time PCR technique was used.
Findings: NT-3 gene expression was significantly different between exercise + ischemia with control + ischemia groups and control + ischemia with healthy control groups (P <0.05), and TrkC gene expression was significantly different between exercise + ischemia with healthy control groups and control + ischemia with healthy control groups (P <0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that exercise before the induction of ischemic stroke increased the NT-3 gene expression but did not influence the TrKC gene expression.
Zinat Yazdani, Iman Baluchi, Behjat Kalantary Khandany, Gholamhosein Hassanshahi,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (Mar-Apr 2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous malignancy caused by various pathological mechanisms. Chemokines are involved in the initiation, progression, migration, survival, treatment and complications of AML. CXCL1 has an indirect effect on the progression of cancer and CXCL10 produced by leukemia cells attracts natural killer cells toward tumor sites to eradicate cancer cells. The present study investigated effects of chemotherapy on serum levels of CXCL1 and CXCL10 in patients with AML.
Methods: Throughout this case-control study, blood samples were collected from AML patients with M4/M5 subtype (n=25) before and after the first stage of a chemotherapy regimen (7+3). Serum levels of the chemokines were determined using commercial ELISA kits. Data were analyzed using two-sample and paired T-test in SPSS 22 software.
Results: The level of CXCL10 was high in patients but decreased following chemotherapy. After the chemotherapy the patients attained partial remission. However, the level of CXCL1 did not change in the patients.
Conclusion: Although chemotherapy could decrease CXCL10 levels and induce partial remission, CXCL1 levels does not change in AML patients with M4/M5 subtype. Based on the results, the employment of CXCL1 and CXCL10 inhibitors in the chemotherapy regimen could prevent relapse in the later stages or even reduce the duration of treatment.
