Showing 12 results for Jafari
A Jafari Nadooshan, A Fllah Tafti, M Ghafoor Zadeh, F Mirzaii,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (Autumn – Winter 2008[PERSIAN] 2007)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: Poor oral hygiene in elderly people increases the colonization of opportunistic pathogens such as Candida and Staphylococci. The presence of yeasts and bacteria in the oral cavity of elderly people can be harmful and in certain conditions may cause oral and systemic infections. The general purpose of this study was to determine the oral health status, particularly the prevalence of Candida and Staphylococcus species in the oral cavity of elderly people in Yazd. Materials and methods: Oral Saliva was aseptically collected from seventytwo elderly individuals and cultured on selective fungal and bacterial media. The density of isolated microorganisms Such as Candida and Staphylococcus species was determined base on colony forming units (CFU) and identified through the biochemical and microbiological tests. Results: Fifty- eight percent of Candida species isolated from 50 (69.4%) of the subjects were Candida albicans .70.8 percentage of Staphylococcus species isolated from 65 (90.3%) of elderly are Coagulase negative. The Candida colonization in denture users is significantly higher than the elderly without denture (p= 0.001). C. albicans and the Coagulase negative staphylococcus are the most prevalent microorganisms isolated from elderly oral cavity in this study. Conclusion: The elderly have a higher risk of opportunistic bacterial and fungal infections. Their oral health care should be improved to protect them from opportunistic infections. Key words: Elderly, Candida, Staphylococcus, oral cavity, Yazd
Aa Jafari Nodoushan,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (Spring - Summer 2008[PERSIAN] 2008)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: Germ tube-producing ability of C.albicans in human serum is one of the most important virulent factors inducing transformation yeast to mycelia form. This phenomenon can be altered by some environmental and nutritional factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature, pH and glucose concentrations in germ tube formation of C. albicans in an in vitro system. Material and Methods: The germ tube production test in human serum (with normal glucose titer) in different temperature, pH, and glucose concentrations was conducted invitro using standard strain of C. albicans (ATCC 10231). The average number of cells with germ tube after 2 hours and the rate of yeastmycelial transition were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test. Results: Maximum germ tube production rate is seen in temperature of 37°C, pH of 6.5 and glucose concentration of 30 mg/ml (P= 0.0001) and also germ tube is seen in earliest time in these conditions in invitro. Conclusion: It seems that these environmental and nutritional factors in human body particularly in diabetics can make this fungus to produce germ tube and invade to the different tissues. Key words: Candida Albicans, germ tube, in vitro, Temperature, pH, Glucose
Jafari M, Khalojini M, Falahati M, Ghadimipoor H R, Bigvand P, Tavakoli S,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (spring-summer[PERSIAN] 2011)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: Candida albicans is a normal flora in skin and mucosa and is not pathogen in normal individuals.The main defence against yeasts ,particulary Candida, is phagocytes, but phagocytesis and opsonization are reduced in thalassemia . the aim of this study was the determination of the frequency of Candida albicans and its species in the oral cavity of patients with major thalassemia and normal individuals. Material and Methods: This descriptive –analytic study was Conducted on 52 patients with major thalassemia and 104 normal individuals in Hamadan,2009. The specimens from oral cavity of the patients and control group were taken by sterile swab and then the direct exam and culture of all specimens were done Results: The Candida species in patients with thalassemia are Candida albicans (32.7%), tropicalis (13.5%) glaberata(10.5%), guilliermondii(10.9%) and Krusei(10.9%). In normal individuals,the frequency is 17.3%for albicans, 3.8% For tropicalis ,1% for glaberata and 1%for kefyr.Fifty-nine percent of the subjects undergone splenctomy and 23% of those with heathy Spleen have Candida in their oral cavity, this differene is statistically meaningful. Conclusion:The results show that suffering from thalassemia and spleenectomy can increase the possibitity of oral infection by Candida species. Key words: Major thalassemia,Candida albicans,Oral Cavity.
S Ahmady- Asbchin, A Nasrolahi Omran, N Jafari, Mj Mostafapour, S.m Kia,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (Autumn- Winter [PERSIAN] 2012)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Concurrent with the development of new chemical drugs and antibiotics, their harmful effects are gradually emerged. Due to lack of harmful effects, herbal medicines have been used in the pharmaceutical industry. The aim of this study was the use of lavender essential oil as an herbal medicine for the replacement of antibiotics and chemicals.
Material and Methods: In this study, the plant essential oil was isolated by drying and distillation method using Clevenger apparatus. The antibacterial effect of this plant was evaluated by using disc diffusion method and successive dilutions. In order to control the standard of the method, antibiotic discs and standard bacterial strains were used.
Results: Based on the results, Proteus mirabilis and Enterococcus faecalis are , respectively , the most sensitive and most resistant bacteria to dilutions of 1, 1/2 and 1/4. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis, respectively, are the most sensitive and most resistant bacteria to the dilution of 1/8, 1/16, 1/32 and 1/64. MIC and MBC methods also show that all bacteria have the same minimum inhibitory and fatality concentrations except Enterococcus faecalis with minimum inhibitory concentration of 16/1 and minimum concentration fatality of 8/1. Evaluating the results of the disk diffusion method with antibiotic discs, we can observe the better effect of this plant in comparison with gentamicin and streptomycin discs on the growth of five strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC1885, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 2405, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC2321, Escherichia coli ATCC 1652 and Proteus mirabilis ATCC 2601.
Conclusion: the essential oil of Lavender can be used instead of chemical drugs to treat bacterial infections.
Keywords: Lavandula, Anti-bacterial effects, Essential oils, Bacterium
Aa Jafari, P Saadat, S Gharachaeii, H Jafari,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (winter[PERSIAN] 2014)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Laboratory personnel have always accidental exposure to clinical samples, which can cause the transmission of infection. This threat can be prevented and controlled by education for the use of safety instruments. The purpose was to determine the frequency of accidental exposure to laboratory samples among Yazd laboratory personnel in 2011.
Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 of Yazd clinical laboratory personnel. The data was collected, using a valid and reliable questioner, via interview and analyzed by means of SPSS software.
Results: Eighty-six percent of the subjects reported an experience of accidental exposure to clinical samples, such as blood, serum and urine. The causes were carelessness (41%) and work overload (29%). Needle- stick was the most prevalent injury (52%) particularly in sampler workers (51%) and in their hands (69%). There wasn’t significant relationship between accidental exposure to laboratory samples and the variables such as private and governmental laboratories (p=0.517), kind of employment (p=0.411), record of services (p=0.439) and academic degree (p=0.454). The subjects aged 20-29 (p=0.034) and worked in sampling unit had the highest accidental exposure.
Conclusion: Based on the results, inexperience of the personnel especially in sampling room, overload at work and ignorance of applying safety instruments are known as the most important reasons for accidental exposure to clinical samples.
Keywords: Contamination Accidental Exposure Infectious Agents Laboratory Personnel
A Jafari, M Peeri, M Azarbayejani, H Homai,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (Jul-Aug 2017)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Resistance training is a key component of exercise recommendations for weight control, yet very little is known about the effects of resistance training on appetite and related peptides. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of resistance training on appetite and circulating acyl ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), and orexin in sedentary men.
Methods: This study included 20 sedentary men (mean age: 21.6±3.5 year, body mass index: 23.1±2.7 kg/m2) who were equally divided into a control group and a resistance training group. Participants in the training group performed the whole body exercises three sessions per week with 3-4 sets of 8-10 repetitions at 60-85% one-repetition maximum. Participants in the control group performed no resistance training. Fasting blood samples were taken before starting the study and 72 hours after the last session of resistance training for evaluation of serum acyl ghrelin, NPY, and orexin levels. In addition, perceived appetite was assessed by visual analogue scale while fasting.
Results: Statistical analysis showed that fasting acyl ghrelin and NPY were not changed by resistance training, but serum orexin level elevated by 40% in response to training (P=0.01). Appetite was not significantly different between the two groups at baseline (P=0.9). However, appetite significantly increased after resistance training (P=0.001).
Conclusion: Results of the present study show that the 8-week resistance training increases perceived appetite by orexin promotion in previously sedentary men.
Keywords: Appetite, Ghrelin, NPY, Orexins, Resistance Training.
Mohammad Niakan, Noushin Jalayer Naderi , Hadise Jamshidian, Fateme Jafariazad,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (Jul-Aug 2017)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Anaerobic bacteria are the main cause of periodontitis. It has been shown that green tea and black tea have antibacterial effect. The aim of this study was to determine he antibacterial effect of Iranian green tea and black tea against
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and
Prevotella intermedia.
Methods: Aqueous and methanolic extracts of Iranian green tea and black tea at concentrations ranging from 10 to 500 mg/ml were tested against standard strains of
A. actinomycetemcomitans (ATCC 33384),
P. gingivalis (ATCC 33227) and
P. intermedia (ATCC 25671) using agar disk diffusion, broth microdilution and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration.
Results: P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans and
P. intermedia were sensitive to the methanolic extract of Iranian green tea at concentrations of 100-500 mg/ml, 10-500 mg/ml and 50-500mg/ml, respectively.
P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans and
P. intermedia were sensitive to the methanolic extract of Iranian black tea at concentrations of 200-500 mg/ml, 20-500 mg/ml and 200-500 mg/ml, respectively.
In addition, P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans and
P. intermedia were sensitive to the aquatic extract of Iranian green tea at concentrations of 200-500mg/ml, 100-500 mg/ml and 200-500 mg/ml
, respectively.
Conclusion: The aquatic and alcoholic extracts of Iranian green tea and black tea have antibacterial activity against
A. actinomycetemcomitans,
P. intermedia and
P. gingivalis. Therefore, incorporation of Iranian black tea as an effective native herb could be beneficial for prevention of oral cavity diseases.
Keywords: Tea, Green Tea, Antibacterial Agents, Anaerobic Bacteria.
Mehdi Nasiraey, Abdolreza Jafari Chashmi, Seyd Abdollah Hashemvarzi,
Volume 14, Issue 6 (Nov-Dec 2020)
Abstract
Background and objectives: It has been suggested that irisin and fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) can increase energy expenditure, promote weight loss and improve insulin resistance in diabetic patients by affecting white and brown adipose tissues. In this study, we investigate effect of adipose tissue-derived stem cell transplantation and six weeks of aerobic exercise on FNDC5 and irisin levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Methods: Forty-eight rats (weighing 220-240 g and aged nine weeks) were divided into six groups of control, sham, diabetes control, diabetes + exercise, diabetes + stem cell and diabetes+ exercise + stem cell. The exercise group ran on running wheel at intensity of 60-70% VO2max, five days a week for six weeks. Next, 1.56 × 106 stem cells extracted from human adipose tissue were injected into the tail vein of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Finally, FNDC5 and irisin plasma levels of the mice were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
Results: FNDC5 and irisin levels reduced significantly in the diabetes control group (P=0.0001). FNDC5 levels in the diabetes + exercise + stem cell and the exercise group increased significantly compared to the diabetes control group (P=0.0001). The irisin level in the diabetes + stem cell + exercise group, exercise group and stem cell group increased significantly compared to the diabetes control group (P=0.0001).
Conclusion: The results indicate that aerobic exercise program and stem cell therapy alone and combined can significantly increase plasma irisin levels. Given the favorable effects of adipose tissue-derived stem cell injection and aerobic exercise on FNDC5 and irisin levels, this strategy could be further evaluated in coping with the adverse effects of diabetes on metabolism and aging
Roghayeh Norouzi, Sajjad Jafari, Haniyeh Meshkati, Fahimeh Bagheri Amiri, Abolghasem Siyadatpanah,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (Jan-Feb 2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Head louse, also known as Pediculus humanus capitis, is an obligate ectoparasite that is a distributed all around the world. The aim of present study was to determine the prevalence of head lice infestation in primary school students in Tabriz, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
Methods: Overall, 3,032 students (1,515 boys and 1,517 girls) from 33 primary schools in Tabriz were selected via multi-stage cluster sampling in 2018. The students were examined individually and privately by experts. Head lice infestation was confirmed by detecting adult or nymph or nits less than 1 cm from base of hair. Data analysis was carried out in SPSS software package (version 23). Association of participants’ characteristics with pediculosis infestation was evaluated using logistic regression and chi-square test at significance level of 0.05.
Results: Head lice infestation was present in 130 (4.29%) students, while the prevalence of this condition was higher in girls (2.11%) than in boys. The highest prevalence (6.05 %) was observed in children age 6 years old regardless of gender. The rate of head lice infestation was lowest among students aged ≥12 years (3.17%). There was a significant relationship between head louse infestation and parent’s occupation, family size, the frequency of combing and hair style.
Conclusion: Although the prevalence of head lice infestation in Tabriz is relatively low, screening and treating schoolchildren should be done continuously in order to reduce the infestation rate.
Fatemeh Asadi, Hamedreza Goodarzi, Javad Zahiri, Mojtaba Jafarinia,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (Jan-Feb 2022)
Abstract
Coma is a state of prolonged
unconsciousness. Some coma cases result from inherited disorders such as fatty-acid β-oxidation disorder, acute intermittent porphyria (due to mutations in genes
CPT I, CPTII and
ACADM), urea cycle defects (due to mutation in
OTC gene), organic acidurias, mitochondrial diseases and familial hemiplegic migraine (due to mutations in
CACNA1A, ATP1A2 and
SCN1A). The evaluation of familial cases of coma or sporadic coma can be performed using next generation sequencing (NGS), a
high-throughput sequencing technique that can sequence an entire genome in a single reaction. This technique has been widely applied in the genetic diagnosis of diseases. In this review, we describe some genes associated with coma or recurrent coma and discuss the role of NGS in detection of these genes.
Parisa Zeinali, Marie Saghaeian, Jahanbakhsh Asadi, Seyyed Mehdi Jafari,
Volume 16, Issue 5 (Sep-Oct 2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Activation of adenosine A2a receptor has been shown to induce the growth and metastasis of cancer cells. The role of this receptor in esophageal cancer has not yet been determined. The present study aimed to investigate effects of an adenosine A2a receptor antagonist (3, 7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine) on growth of esophageal cancer cells.
Methods: Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate mRNA expression of the A2a adenosine receptor in KYSE-30 and YM-1 esophageal cancer cell lines. Effects of the antagonist on viability of the cells were evaluated by MTT assay.
Results: At low concentrations, the antagonist had no effect on cell viability. However, at concentrations ≥200 μM, the antagonist significantly reduced viability of both cell lines (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the adenosine A2a receptor antagonist exerts inhibitory effects on KYSE30 and YM-1 cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, the use of this antagonist can be exploited as a therapeutic target for the treatment of esophageal cancer.
Sajad Jafari, Mohammad Fathi, Masoud Rahmati,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (May-Jun 2023)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Endurance exercise causes fatigue due to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of taurine supplementation on lipids peroxidation and antioxidant activity during endurance activities.
Methods: Twenty-four male volunteers aged 27 ± 1.8 years and weighting 74.9 ± 5.9 kg were randomly divided into three groups: taurine supplementation (n=8), placebo (n=8), and control (n=8). The subjects completed a 28-day endurance training protocol. Biochemical parameters such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations (8 hours before the first session and 8 hours after the last session) and maximum rate of oxygen consumption, were measured to evaluate the antioxidant, lipid peroxidation, and VO2 max status respectively. Finally, data were analyzed by SPSS software at a significance level of <0.05.
Results: Taurine supplementation significantly increased SOD (p=0.001) and GPX (p=0.001) but significantly decreased MDA (p=0.001). However, it had no significant effect on the VO2 max.
Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that taurine has antioxidant effects against endurance exercise-induced oxidant stress and lipid peroxidation.
