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Background and Objective: Esophageal and gastric cancers are among the most common and fatal cancers. These are diagnosed at the latest phase and the prognosis is too poor. Due to the importance and high incidence rate of the upper gastrointestinal cancers in Golestan province, this study was conducted to explore the overall survival rate of these patients in rural area of this region. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a total of 121 pathologically confirmed esophageal or gastric cancers, with rural place of residence, were retrieved from the cancer registry at the health department in Gorgan. After conducting interview with patients or their relatives, analysis of their sociodemographic and clinicopathologic features was performed. The median survival rate was compared regarding age groups and gender using Kaplan-Meier statistical test. Results: Male to female ratio in esophageal and gastric group were 1.2 to 1 and 3.8 to 1, respectively. Short-term survival rates were 54.76% and 26.2% for esophageal cancer and 66.6% and 37.5% for gastric cancer. Collected information regarding patients’ sociodemographic and clinicophathologic factors did not have significant association with patients’ survival in both esophageal and gastric cancers. The mean survival rate in patient with gastric and esophageal cancers according to age and gender was not significant. Conclusion: This study showed that the overall short-term survival rates for upper gastrointestinal cancers are very low in Golestan province. Therefore the need for intervention the need and allocating more diagnosis and therapeutic resources for upper gastrointestinal cancers are required.

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Background and Objective: Cardiac arrest is responsible for half of the death cases, which is preventable in rapid and effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). During the last years, a great amount of progress has occurred in this field, but there is still a lack of enough data for CPR. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the survival rate of patients undergoing CPR in two university hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective analytical study, the survival rate of 178 patients undergoing CPR in the emergency department of two university hospitals (Taleghani and Shaheed Modarres) were assessed and compared during 2005. The related variables including the time delay for CPR, the time length for CPR and the outcome of CPR were analyzed. Results: 24 hours after the cardiac arrest, 7 cases of 54 (13%) survived in Taleghani hospital and 33 of 124 (26.6%) survived in Shaheed Modarres hospital (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that the rate of short term survival of patients after CPR is similar to other parts of country but lower than the other parts of the world.

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Background and Objective: Squamous carcinoma accounts for the majority of esophageal carcinoma worldwide. This study was done to evaluate the survival rate of patients with esophageal cancer in Iran.

Methods: This historical cohort study was carried outon 105 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma whom admitted to Firoozgar hospital in Tehran, Iran during 2009-14. Patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were treated with chemoradiation either with or without surgery.

Results: The mean age of patients was 63 years. Frequency of esophageal cancer in both sexes in the age group 51-60 years was higher than other groups. 5-year survival in patients with esophageal cancer treated with chemoradiation without surgery was 9.5% and in patients treated with chemoradiation with surgery was 31.7 % (P<0.05). One-year, three-year and five-year survival rate in patients were treated with chemoradiation with or without surgery was 68.5%, 38% and 22.8%, respectively.

Conclusion: The survival rate of patients with esophageal cancer is very low, but the treatment with chemoradiation with surgery can increase life expectancy of patients.

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Background and Objective: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common clinical condition with a mortality rate of 15-20%. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is known as an indicator in predicting clinical outcomes in patients with various diseases and malignancies. This study was conducted to determine the value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in the prognosis of death in patients with venous thromboembolism during the short term.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study was performed on 93 hospitalized patients with spontaneous venous thromboembolism in Gorgan, northern Iran during 2012-15. Demographic, blood and biochemical parameters of the patients were evaluated in the prediction of fatal outcome in a follow-up of 30 days after thrombose diagnosis.
Results: Sixteen patients (17.2%) died within 30 days. The variables of age, white blood cells, neutrophils, NLR, creatine kinase MB and lactate dehydrogenase significantly increased (P<0.05), and lymphocyte also platelet significantly reduced within the occurrence of death in a short period of 30 days follow up (P<0.05). A cut-off point of 7.21≤NLR had sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of 56.3%, 87%, 47.3% and 90.5%, respectively.
Conclusion: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio can be used as a useful biomarker in the prediction of mortality during short periods of time in VTE patients.

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Background and Objective: Due to high incidence and mortality of gasteric cancer and important of clinical symptoms to early diagnosis and tertment; this stady was done to determine the survival rate of gasteric cancer in Golestan provience (north of Iran).
Methods: This retrospective cohort stady was done on 131 patients (77.9% males and 22.1% females) with adeno carcinoma gasteric cancer wich diagosed during 2007-09 in northern Iran. Age, sex, job, nationality and tribe clincal presentation kind of treatment food regiemns, survival collected from archive. In cases whom nesacery data completed with telophone calling or face to face interview. Survival rate of patients for 1, 3 and 5 years were determined using caplan Mayer method.
Results: First symptom in 31.3% of patients was abdominl pain and distance between the first symptom and diagnosis was 1-14 months. 34.4% of patient did not receive any treatment. Survivial rate for 1, 3 and 5 years was 37.4%, 13% and 6.1%, respectively. Age, gender and ethnicity did not not altere survival rate but type of treatment had significant relation to survival rate (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The diagnosis of gasteric cancer in early stage and surgical treatment can help a better survival rate in patients with adeno carcinoma gasteric cancer in northern Iran.

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Background and Objective: Ovarian cancer, also known as “The Silent Killer,” is one of the most dangerous cancers for women, which often diagnosed late and incurable. On the other hand, conventional therapies currently have limitations, failures and various side effects. This study was performed to determine the effect of pomegranate peel extract on the expression of angiogenesis stimulating gene (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor: VEGF) by culturing A2780 cell line of ovarian cancer.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, pomegranate peel extract was prepared and then ovarian cancer cells (A2780 cell line) were exposed to different concentrations of pomegranate peel extract (500, 250, 100, 75, 50, 25 and 10 µg/ml) for 48, 24 and 72 hours. Also, the survival rate of the cells was tested by MTT assay and VEGF gene expression was evaluated using RT-PCR.
Results: Pomegranate peel extract concentration of 500 µg/ml reduced the survival rate to 18% in 72 hours (P<0.05). At concentrations of 200, 100 and 50 µg/ml of pomegranate peel extract, the expression of VEGF reduced by 7%, 16% and 19%, respectively, which was significant compared to the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Pomegranate peel extract, due to its numerous compounds and significant antioxidant properties, is likely to reduce metastasis and malignant manifestations by reducing the expression of the angiogenesis agent.