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Background and Objective: Change in the cell surface and extracellular matrix glycoconjugates has been reported in many cancers. Moreover, diagnostic and prognostic importance of these substances and also their roles in therapeutic modalities for cancerous patients has been emphasized. This study was designed to explore the histochemical study of cellular mucopolysaccharides in esophageal and gastric carcinoma and its relation to tumor differentiation. Materials and Methods: In this laboratory study tissue samples of 40 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 40 patients with stomach adenocarcinoma in different grades of tumor were selected from pathology department of Emam Reza hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Tissue samples were stained with Alcian Blue (PH 1 and PH 2.5) for Sulfated and Carboxylated mucosubstances respectively, along with positive and negative controls. Results: Normal esophageal epithelium and carcinoma cells of different grades showed negative reactivity but normal and tumoral stromal cells depicted positive staining in both PHs. In PH 1, normal glandular and carcinoma cells of the stomach were negative but in PH 2 glandular cells were positive though carcinoma cells showed weakly staining. Normal and tumoral gastric stromal cells showed positive staining in PH 1 and PH 2.5. Conclusion: It is highly probable that in the process of cancerization of normal esophageal squamous cells, functional changes, from the perspective of producing Carboxylated and Sulfated mucosubstances, do not occur, whereas some changes in glandular cells of stomach which result in diminishing the production of Carboxylated mucosubstances during cancerization process are observable.

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Background and Objective: Increasing interest has been devoted to the design and discovery of more effective anticancer agents in current medicinal chemistry because of the high prevalence of cancer in different societies and resistance occurrence to existing anticancer drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer activity of two novel quinoline compounds (RQ1 and RQ2) on human gastric cancer cells.
Methods: In this descriptive - analytic study, the anticancer effects of the compounds were evaluated by MTT assay. This test was performed on two categories of gastric cancer cells sensitive to Danorubicin (EPG85-257P) and resistant to Danorubicin (EPG85-257RDB). The arresting mechanism in the G2 / M phase of the cell cycle and the induction of apoptosis by the compounds was investigated using the PI test and flow cytometric analysis.
Results: Novel quinoline derivatives RQ1 and RQ2 showed good anticancer effects on both sensitive and resistant human gastric cancer cells (IC50=25-38mM). Compound RQ2 showed the most cytotoxic activity on the Danorubicin-sensitive cancer cell line with IC50=25mM. The percentage of Danorubicin resistant gastric cancer cells (EPG85-257RDB) in the G2 / M phase at 25mm concentration of RQ1 and RQ2 was 35.95 and 34.88, respectively, and 41.1% and 42.89% of these cells, after treatment with 50mm concentration of RQ1 and RQ2 arrested at the G2 / M phase respectively.
Conclusion: The two novel quinoline compounds, RQ1 and RQ2 showed strong anticancer effect on both sensitive and resistant human gastric cancer cell lines.