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Background and objective: Nosocomial infections are the important problems in health care centers in the world. Incidence rate in different countries is very variable and has been reported about 5% to 15%. This research was done for ascertainment of level of knowledge, attitude and practice of employed nurses to nosocomial infection in teaching hospitals of Golestan University of Medical Sciences. Materials and methods: This is a descriptive and analytical study, total number of employed nurses (518), 189 male and 328 female. The research carried out using a questionnaire. The data was used to analyze the data SPSS software. Results: Results of research showed that 26.5% of nurses had very low knowledge, 63.9% medium knowledge and 9.6% good knowledge. About attitude 52.4% had negative attitude, 36.4% medium and 11.2% positive attitude. About practice 37.1% had poor practice, 49% medium and 15.9% good practice. In this research between attitude and knowledge, knowledge and practice there was not any meaningful correlation but difference between attitude and practice was statistically significant. Conclusions: The nurses are playing important role in prevention and control of nosocomial infection. So, it is necessary for nurses to have enough knowledge about how to control the infection and to have positive attitude, if they want to do their job property.

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Background&Objective: Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional disorder in the world, The prevalence rate in developing countries is higher than developed countries, and also affecting a large number of child and women. The main purpose of this study was to promot the knowledge, attitude and practice of girl student in Ghaemshahr in order to prevent iron deficiency anemia. Materials&Methods: This study was an educational intervention to evaluate the effect of education on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (K.A.P) in intervention and control groups (each group: 300) among female students in Ghaemshahr. The data was gathered using a questionnaire (include the demographic information, some of question related to knowledge, attitude, practice. K.A.P were assessed before and also 1.5 month after implementation of educational program using the questionnaire, collected data was analyzed by SPSS (11.5), STATA (8.0). Results: There was not significant difference between K.A.P in study group before implementation of educational intervention, but there is a significant increase between K.A.P after interventional education in intervention group. Educational intervention was promoted knowledge mounting to 15 score, 5 score to promote attitude and 1.6 score to improve the practice. There was significant relation between mother education, father job with their knowledge and class with their attitude, also mother education with their practice. Conclusion: The results indicated that improvement of knowledge could prevent iron deficiency anemia, thus emphasis on the health education in adolescent age is necessary to promote K.A.P.

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Background & Objective: Hypertension is the most important Cardio-Vascular risk factor, and also the most common cause of heart failure, stroke and renal failure. This semi-experimental study aimed at determining the effect of education, by means of Health Belief Model (HBM), on nurse’s staff knowledge, attitude and their practice toward hypertension. Materials & Methods: This semi-experimental study was done on 136 nurse’s staff selected by stratified random sampling. Data collection instrument were a questionnaire and a check-list. At first, the subjects’ knowledge, attitude and their Practice were studied by a questionnaire and a check list, and then a HBM-based educational program was carried out. For three months, Afterwards, their knowledge, attitude and practice were measured and compared with pretest findings. In statistical analysis, Wilcox on test, independent t test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation. Results: Before education the mean score of knowledge, benefit perceived, barrier perceived, threat perceived, attitude and practice was 9.68, 23.76, 25.63, 22.82, 71.99 and 4.55 respectively. After education these scores reached 16.66, 26.06, 28.94, 24.98, and 80.08 and 4.83. Based on the results, nurse’s staff training via HBM led to high knowledge, positive attitude and practice improvement (p<0.05).The difference between this research variables such as age, gender, marital status, record of service and family background was not significant, But there was significant difference between variables (occupational levels, educational levels, and hospital ward) and knowledge and practice. Furthermore, the relation between hospital ward and attitude was positive (p<0.05). Conclusion: In terms of the results, it is a necessity for nurse’s staff to participate in a HBM based educational program.

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Background and Objective: The majority of medicines are associated with some form of side effects due to high prevalence of self- medication in Iran .There is not any drug without side effects the prevalence of self- medication in Iran's provinces is increasing. This study was done to determine the knowledge and practice among woman about self -medication based on health belief model. Materials and Methods: This cross- sectional study carried out on 385 women whom referred to health centers in Isfahan, Iran during 2008. Data were collected by a questionnaire including knowledge, practice and health belief model structures. Results: The mean score of knowledge was 82.97±13.80 and means score of perceived susceptibility 72.48±17.11, severity 71.60±14.73, benefits 68.29±17.13 and barriers 61.64±19.67. 86% of women have done self–medication at least in one disease in 6 months earlier Including: cold 225 (57.6%), headache 28 (53.7%) and anemia 51 (13.2%). The main reasons for self –medication were previous experience and medicine accessibility .The main reasons to avoid self –medication was the side effects of medicine. Conclusion: Self-medication can be prevented thought increasing knowledge and education about severity of drug side effects.

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Background and Objective: Periodontal disease has high prevalence in diabetic patients and the knowledge of them about the relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease is effective in the control of the blood glucose and progression of periodontitis. This study was done to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of diabetic patients about periodontal disease in Gorgan north of Iran.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was done on 300 type 1 and 2 diabetic patients (136 males & 164 females) whom referred to governmental health centers in Gorgan, northern Iran during 2019. Demographic information, knowledge, attitude and practice were recorded using a questionnaire.
Results: The level of good knowledge, attitude and practice were evaluated 51.7%, 44.3% and 25%, respectively. There was significant association between oral hygiene practice and gender and education (P<0.05). Good practice was observered more in females and in patients.
Conclusion: More than half of diabetic patients had moderate to good knowledge and attitude about periodontal disease but their practice was moderate to poor.

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Background and Objective: brucellosis is one of the most common zoonosis diseases. Brucellosis is a systemic disease and affected several organs and tissue in human. This study was performed to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice about brucellosis control among livestock farmers.
Methods: This descriptive-analytic study, was performed on 300 rural literate livestock farmers in BuinZahra, Qazvin Iran during 2019. The knowledge, attitude, and practice, the related factors and demographic characteristics such as age, education level and family count were evaluated by structured six-part questionnaire including 30 questions.
Results: The mean age of the subjects was 41.3±16.4 years. Although 90.7% had heard of brucellosis, only 14% had previous trained. There was a positive attitude about the use of methods to reduce the risk of infection in the family and the seriousness of the issue of animal brucellosis in 19% and 64% of cases, respectively. About 94.7% were attended to veterinarian in suspected cases and 96.7% examined the new animals. 97% were uses of new cheese and milk but the milk was boiled by 89.3%. The mean knowledge was 5.3 ranging from 0 to 8 points in them. There was a statistically significant difference in the knowledge score of individuals according to the information source (P<0.05). Knowledge score and number of household members had positive correlation (r=0.135, P=0.019).
Conclusion: There is medium-level knowledge about brucellosis in livestock farmers. The attitude and some actions (such as dealing with infected livestock) needed to be improved. The probable reason is the high cost of behavior modification in some areas, which has provided the gap between knowledge, attitude and behavior in this area.