---

Background and Objective: One of the most common complications of mild cognitive impairment is increased body sway and falls. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of Pilates training on control posture in patients with mild cognitive impairment.
Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on 30 women with mild cognitive impairment who referred to elderly Research Center in Kermanshah city, north-west of Iran during 2019. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups including Pilates Training and control groups. Pilates training group was trained for eight weeks, 3 sessions per week and duration for each session was one hour. The control posture of the subjects before and after the exercise was evaluated.
Results: There was significant difference in obtained scores in the size and distance of the center of pressure area range with open and closed eyes in the intervention group, prior and after training (P<0.05). The mean postural control (the size and distance of the center of pressure area range with open and closed eyes) reduced after 8 weeks of Pilates exercises in the intervention group in compared to control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Pilates training is effective in improving postural control in patients with mild cognitive impairment.

---

Background and Objective: Spastic diplegia cerebral palsy is a movement disorder originating from brain injury before, during, or immediately after birth. Exercise plays an important role in motor recovery. This study was performed to determine the effect of high-intensity circuit training on balance and activity daily living in children with cerebral palsy (CP).
Methods: In this clinical trial, 34 children with cerebral palsy were randomly divided into two groups of 17 including occupational therapy (control group) and circuit training group with occupational therapy as interventional group. Berg balance scale and activity scale for kids were used to assess changes in balance and activity of daily living before and after 12 weeks of exercise, respectively. High-intensity circuit training consisting of 3 rounds and each round consisting of 6,
30-second stations and a 30-second break between stations, which were performed three times a week for 12 weeks. Occupational therapy was performed one session per week.
Results: The rate of balance and activities of daily living and its components in the circuit training group with occupational therapy showed a significant improvement compared to control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Circuit trainings with occupational therapy can further improve the performance of balance and activity of daily living in children with Spastic diplegia cerebral palsy compared to occupational therapy.

---

Background and Objective: Given the prevalence of genu valgum deformity and its impact on static and dynamic balance in growing adolescents, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of neuromuscular exercises on static and dynamic balance of male adolescents with genu valgum deformity.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 24 non-athlete students aged 12 to 14 years with genu valgum deformity. The participants were recruited from corrective exercise centers in District 1 of Velenjak and District 20 of the city of Rey in 2023. Subjects were divided into two groups of 12: A control group and an exercise group. The single-leg balance test and the Y-balance test were used to assess static and dynamic balance in various directions. The corrective exercise program consisted of 12 weeks of neuromuscular exercises, designed in three phases based on varying repetitions, sets, and intensities.
Results: The static and dynamic balance of the exercise group exhibited a statistically significant improvement in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions compared to the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The neuromuscular corrective exercise program led to an improvement in both static and dynamic balance in adolescents with genu valgum deformity.