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Background and Objective: Irrational consumption of blood products leads to unwanted side effects in patients and imposes additional financial burdens on society and patients. This study was done to determine the pattern of consumption of packed red blood cells (PRBC) in hospitalized newborns and children.
Methods: This prospective descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 80 newborn (less than 4 months age) 36 children (more than 4 months to 16 years old) who used PRBC in Sari Bu-Ali Sina hospital, north of Iran. Demographic characteristics of patients and parameters of blood product were recorded and compared with standard guideline.
Results: During the study period, administration of 116 units of PRBC (28.5%) was studied. Totally, in 24 % of cases PRBC consumption did not follow the guideline. PRBC consumption was inappropriately prescribed for patients with hemoglobin higher than 12 g/dL (12%) and for patients with hemoglobin higher than 10 g/dL (12%). Both of the consumption volume to weight ratio (P<0.05) and rate of infusion (P<0.05) were significantly higher in children less than or equal to 4 months, than in children older than 4 months. The most commonly indications were respiratory distress syndrome in neonates (62.1%) and bone marrow suppression (14.7%).
Conclusion: A significant percentage of patients were received PRBC out of guideline recommendations.  It seems, for rational use of PRBC in children and neonates the existing guidelines should be more considered to reduce the cost and side effects.