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Background and Objective: Improvement in self-care and self-efficacy behaviors has proved to be a vital factor in a successful management of asthma. This study was carried out to determine the relationship of patients self-efficacy with control of asthma symptoms. Materials and Methods: This correlation study was carried out on 257 asthmatic patients (133 men and 124 women) aged 18-35, who referred to Sheykholrayis clinic of Tabriz, Iran, during 2011. Data collection tools included a questionnaire of social-personal specifications, asthma self-efficacy scale questionnaire and asthma control questionnaire as well as patients’ spirometer parameters. Data were analyzed using SPSS-17 and Pearson Correlation Coefficient test. Results: Among aspects of self efficacy, the regular use of medicine and patient relation with physician were demonstrated to be 4±0.6 and 2.7±0.7, respectively. Among aspects of asthma control, the level of activity restriction resulted by the disease during the past week and the number of spray puffs used during past week were 3±1.1 and 1.5±1.2, respectively. There was a significant relation between self-efficacy and asthma control (P<0.001, r= -0.378). Conclusion: This study showed that in asthmatic patients, self confidence is an effective factor in the control of asthmatic symptoms.

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Background and Objective: Congenital malformations are among important causes of morbidity and mortality in newborns. This study was done to determine the prevalence and pattern of congenital malformations in newborn. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was done on 6089 newborns in maternity center in Rafsanjan, Iran during 2007-08. The newborns were examined by pediatricians and based on clinical examination the type of obvious of either minor or major malformations were recorded. Results: The 179 cases had at least a major or minor malformations. Over all the prevalence of malformations was 2.93%. The highest prevalence of obvious malformations was seen in the musculo-skeletal (43.5%), followed by genitourinary (22.9%) and cardiovascular systems (15.08%). There was significant relation between congenital malformations, gestational age and medicine used by mothers (P<0.05). Conclusion: The highest prevalence of obvious malformations was seen in the musculo-skeletal system.

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Tissue engineering is based on three main factors including scaffolds, cells and growth factors. Natural scaffolds derived from decellularized tissues and organs have been successfully used in tissue engineering. Decellularization studies have shown that natural scaffolds which maintaine their main structure and properties could be a suitable tool for studying cellular behaviors and preparation of such scaffolds is an important part of future research in biology that may have extensive applications in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Blastema tissue which is produced after injuries in some organisms has embryonic cell characteristics, and can be a suitable model for evaluation of cell behaviors in various tissues. In this review, the process of decellularization, process involved in preparation of 3D scaffolds derived from extracellular matrix of various tissues including cartilage, bone, gingiva, aorta and bladder, and assessment of their interactions with blastema tissue under in vitro conditions are discussed.

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Several medicines are used in the nervous system disorders. Since there are several adverse effects of neurological medicines are reported, traditional and complementary medicine itself as new alternative regiment, which require further knowledge about the herbal medicine which the core center of complementary medicine. Lavandula angustifolia with the formal name of Lavandula Officinalis has many effects including widespread effect on central and peripheral nervous system, including anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, antioxidant, antimutant, and neuroprotective effects. It shows analgesic effects and can alleviate pain, tolerance and dependency similar to morphine. Lavandula angustifolia has anti - inflammatory effect. Also this plant affects on cellular mechanisms like oxidative reactions (decrease of oxidative stress), apoptosis (anti - apoptosis), and nitric oxide production decrease of no production), anti - mutation and anti - cancer by this plant is reportd. It seems that effects of Lavandula are mediated through Calcium-Calmodulin and its kinase dependent.

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Forgetfulness is a disease of the day,the most important example of which is Alzheimer's. Medical science has not yet achieved a definitive treatment for this disease. Examining the existence of examples and treatment of disease from the perspective of the Qur'an proves the miracles of the divine verses in the field of matching with the findings of medical science. The examples and treatment of amnesia disease is by descriptive-analytical method and library method by examining the symptoms of the disease in medicine and verses of the Qur'an in order to find examples and extract the cure from the Qur'an. 4verses of the Qur'an tell about the occurrence of a disease in old age in which the sick person suffers from dementia and loses physical strength. It is possible to treat the disease with the combination of the verses of Surah Hajj and Nahl. In the 5th verse of Hajj,after mentioning the most important symptom of the disease,it is mentioned about reviving the dead earth,which indicates the treatment of the disease and the possibility of returning the brain to a youthful state. In Surah Nahl,it was mentioned as the main medicine in the feeding of fluids from bees. According to tradition,a substance like honey is a basic medicine in the treatment of many diseases,including forgetfulness. Bee products,including honey,gel have a therapeutic application for the treatment of amnesia,which is confirmed by clinical trials. The rejuvenating effects of honey products on free radicals have been proven. The precedence of drug expression over disease is due to its greater effect in prevention than treatment.

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According to the definition of the World Health Organization, palliative care - which is a type of complementary medicine - is an approach that improves the quality of life of patients and their families in the face of problems related to threatening diseases such as cancer. The main goal in palliative care is to give meaning to life and dignity to the patient's life until its end, an important part of which is done through the prevention and relief of suffering and mental and spiritual problems. In fact, the most important issue for people suffering from incurable diseases is maintaining peace, reducing stress and providing spiritual health. The purpose of this review article - which was done by examining the verses of the Quran and authentic religious traditions in this field - is to identify and apply the teachings of revelation in the category of palliative medicine. Teachings such as the correct understanding of man, the philosophy of illness and calamities, the virtue of patience over illness, compromise with pain, strengthening the spirit of piety, prayer, supplication and forgiveness, and paying attention to the origin and resurrection are among the categories that can be taught properly to specialists in this field facilitated access to the goals of palliative medicine, including resilience and improving the quality of life of patients and their families.

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Background and Objective: Poisoning is one of the most common reasons for emergency department visits worldwide. Awareness of poisoning patterns helps identify risk factors and enables early diagnosis. In Iran, narcotics are among the main causes of poisoning in children. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of narcotics-induced poisoning in children under 18 years old referring to the Al-e-Jalil Educational and Therapeutic Center in Aq Qala, Golestan Province.
Methods: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 36 children aged 1 month to 18 years (22 boys and 14 girls; mean age: 51.62±36.25 months) referring to the Al-e-Jalil Educational and Therapeutic Center in Aq Qala due to narcotics-induced poisoning from 2020 to 2022. Samples were included in the study using census. Patients’ medical records were reviewed and recorded in a checklist.
Results: The highest poisoning rate stemmed from the consumption of opium (69.4%), followed by methadone (25%). Decreased level of consciousness upon hospital admission was determined to be 66.7%. The interval between poisoning and hospital admission was 5.60±3.86 hours. The mean length of hospital stay was 1.25±0.80 days, and no patients died. Most children were male (61.1%), Turkmen (69.4%), and rural residents (86.1%). The highest cases of poisoning occurred in the summer (36.1%). The most common route of contact was oral (97.2%).
Conclusion: The poisoning rate with opium is higher compared to other narcotics. However, there is strong evidence of increased opium use among young people and some evidence of increased methadone use.