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Vulvar mass is not a common problem in youngester and adults. The common complains are such as, vaginal impairment, infections, trauma, and rape. One of the rare vulvar mass has been presented in this case report. The mass was totally removed and was sent to the pathology department for medical examination. The diagnosis of neurofibromatose was confirmed by the laboratory results.

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Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Histologic grading is one of the prognostic factors in breast cancer. The present study performed in analytic descriptive method and based on the slide review of beast biopsies received in the pathology department of 5th Azar Hospital from 1976 to 1978, and on the basis of Bloom-Richardson criteria (Mitoses, tubule formation and nuclear pleomorphism). The results are consist of: 1) Infiltrating duct carcinoma is the most common histopathologic form, and tubular carcinoma is the least common 2) The most common age is 36-45 years 3) There is meaningful relationship between mitoses and tubule formation and between pleomorphism and tubule formation. But there is no relation between nuclear pleomorphism and tubule formation in the tumor. Histologic grading of breast carcinoma should be reported by pathologist for clear determination of prognosis and also the best choice for management of the tumors.

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Sialoprotein is one of the most abundant non-collageneous and phosphorylated glycoproteins in human. This protein plays an important role in the structure of human teeth. The aim of this project is to measure the amount of dentin Sialoprotein in the healthy and decay teeth to evaluate the variation in the teeth structure. In this investigation 50 decay teeth has been collected from patients referred to the clinic. The dentin was separated and placed in liquid Nitrogen. One gram of each dentin was washed with distilled water for 30 mins and subsequently the dentin was powdered, and relocated to the gaunidin-Hcl tris buffer, and incubated at 4°C for 48 hrs. The dentin powder was centrifuged at 3000 g for 20 mine. The supernatant was discarded, and the samples again was centrifuged at 10000 g. Finally one ml of this supernatant transferred to the sepharose column and washed with gaunidin-Hcl tris at 1 ml/min. The fractions obtained by chromatography was monitored by electrophoresis. The amount of decay teeth Sialoprotein was 17.23±1.45 ng/l and in the healthy teeth was 26.39±4.27 ng/l. The results from this study indicate that the Sialoprotein content in patient dentin decreased by about 1.5 time compared normal subjects.

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Adenomas of the extrahepatic biliary tuce are rare and common bile duct adenomas are rare too. They may be pessile or pedunculated our patient was a 60 years old lady who presented with RUQ pain and jaundice so with impression of cholangitic under weat laparotomy, cholecystectomy, CBD explouation and choledochoduodestomy. During CBD exploration a 0.5×0.5 cm of CBD identified that excised. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of CBD adenoma and the patient discharged 6 days later with no complication.

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Urinary tract infection is common disease in pregnancy and most symptomatic infection with grate danger for fetus and mother’s. This study has been done to determine the prevalency of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women in Gorgan in 2000. Mid-stream urine from 900 pregnant women was obtained. Urine analysis and culture for all of them have been done and positive cultured (Isolated bacteria with 100000-colony count) was antibiogramed by Kerby Buer method. Out of 900 urine specimen 3.7% of samples had positive urinary tract infection. The common organism isolated was E.coli (33.3%), Coagulase negative, Staphylococci (30.3%) and Klebsiella (15.2%). There was not a significant correlation between age, pariety, pregnancy age, fresh urinary infection and asymptomatic bacteriuria but there was a significant and correlation kidney stone between bacteriuria. Anti-microbial sensitivity pattern demonstrates more sensitivity of strain with Amikacin and Gentamycin. Although prevalence of bacteriuria in this (3.7%) lower than other studies in this country but for their severe sequele. This phenomen should be taken into more consideration further investigation in other part of the country should be done to face the probable difficulties.

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Background & Objective: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are regarded as one of the most common infectious diseases. A remarkable percent of urinary tract infections are asymptomatic. In some cases of urinary tract infections, significant bacteriuria is not present. One the etiologic agents of culture negative genitourinary tract infections, which can be transmitted through intercourse, is Chlamydia Trachomatis. On the basis of high incidence of negative results of urine culture (Up to 60%) in patients suffering from UTI referring to Bou-Ali infectious hospital and taking into consideration the importance of genitourinary Chlamydial infections, we decided to study prevalence of Chlamydia Trachomatis in urine sample of patients with UTI referring to this hospital. Materials & Methods: This research was a descriptive study on the 320 patients referring to Bou-Ali infectious hospital in Zahedan, which were chosen by non-randomized sampling. One early morning urine sample was taken from these patients. After centrifugation, sediment of samples was used as antigen for Chlamy-check-I ELISA kits. Results: Out of 320 urinary specimens, 95 specimens (29.69%) were positive and 225 specimen (70.31%) were negative for Chlamydia Trachomatis. From 95 positive samples, 43 person (45.2%) were male and 52 person (54.73) were female. In both sexes the highest percent was related to 20-29 years old group. Conclusion: In accordance with above reported prevalence rate and bearing in mind the consequences of inappropriate treatment of Chlamydial infections (PID, infertility, extra uterus pregnancy, epididiomitis) the importance of precise treatment of Chlamydial infection and necessity of providing laboratory facilities for accurate and rapid diagnosis of Chlamydial infections in the area with high incidence of culture negative urine specimens is recommended.

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Background & Objective: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is a significant problem during pregnancy because it can be developed into more severe infections that may have repercussions for the health of the mother and unborn child. The aim of this study was to assess relationship between asymptomatic bacteriuria and preeclampsia in Gorgan. Materials & Methods: This case control study performed on 150 preeclamptic women (Case group) compared with 150 healthy pregnant women (Control group) who hospitalized from 2002 to 2002 (Gravid, age and history of preeclampsia was matched with 2 group). The questionnaires and checklist was completed, urine analysis, and urine culture were performed. The data analyzed with SPSS software and statistical descriptive and analytic such as: T-student, U-Mann Whitney. Results: The risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women with ABS was 3.2 fold to healthy pregnant women (OR=3.22, CI 95% for OR=1.99, 5.21). Conclusion: Asymptomatic bacteriuria may predisposing factor to preeclampsia, we suggest screening of ASB in the 1st prenatal care and follow in 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy o prevent the main side effect in pregnancy and the safety of mothers.

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Background & Objective: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is one of the important causes of newborn mortality. The aim of this study is to determine the pregnancy outcome and Corticosteroid effects for prevention prophylaxis in pregnant women with premature labor between 34-37 weeks gestational age. Materials & Methods: This semi experimental single blind clinical trial study was performed on hundred 34-37 weeks pregnant women who were referred with labor pain or rupture of membrane. These women divided in 2 almost similar case and control groups. The control group received 5 mg Dexamethasone 6 hours to delivery time (Maximum 4 doses). Data was entered to SPSS and analyzed by Chi-square and T-test. Results: There wasn’t any significant difference between administration of Dexamethasone and incidence of RDS in 34-37 weeks newborn (P=0.6). The frequency of RDS was similar in 2 groups (In all women: 4%) the mean weight of newborns with RDS diagnosis was 2675±263. 76% of women had vaginal delivery. The mean weight of newborn was 2672 gr and mean gestational age was 35.4 weeks. Conclusion: The frequency of RDS in newborn with 34-37 weeks gestational age was 4% and administration of one or more Dexamethasone had no effect on reduction it.

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Background&Objective: The proper treatment for early-stage Hodgkin’s disease is controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic outcomes of various treatment strategies in supradiaphragmatic clinical early-stage Hodgkin’s disease. Materials&Methods: This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of 105 eligible patients (49 stage I, 59 stage II) who were treated at radiotherapy- oncology departments of Qaem and Omid hospitals in Mashhad (Iran) from April 1995 to April 2000. 26 patients had B symptoms and 5 had large mediastinal mass. Treatment of patients consisted of chemotherapy alone (43 cases), radiotherapy alone (46 cases, 40 mantle and 6 Total nodal irradiation) and combined modality (16 cases). Survival rates were calculated by Kaplan- Meier model. Log-rank test was used to compare the survival profile between groups. Results: The median age of patients was 25 years with a male to female ratio of 1.56: 1. In comparison with radiotherapy only group, Primary chemotherapy and combined modality groups had significantly more cases with unfavorable factors such as B symptoms, Large mediastinal mass, ESR>40 and stage II. For chemotherapy, combined modality and radiotherapy groups the 5-year progression free survival was 72.5%, 82.5% and 56.2% (P<0.05) and the 5-year disease specific survival was 82.9%, 91.6% and 82.5% respectively. Conclusion: Despite having more cases with unfavorable factors, patients who underwent chemotherapy or combined treatment had lower relapse rates compared to radiotherapy only group. However, there was not a significant difference in 5-year disease specific survival rates between these groups.

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Background&Objective: Precelampsia with prevalancy of 5-10% is one of the important causes of maternal morbidity and mortality and neonatal prematurity that prevention of it has aessential role in reduction of maternal and fetal mortality. Pathogenesis of disease is endothelial dysfunction and free radicals can exaggerated of endothelial damage.this study designed to evaluate antioxidants (vit E,C) effect on preeclampsia in primipar women. Materials&Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial in 580 primipar women that randomized in two treatment and control groups. To the Treatmet group in 18-22w of gestation during routin prenatal care vitamin E (400 IU) and vitamin C (lg) administrated daily untile end of pregnany. Control group recieved routin ferrous sulfate and incidence of preeclampisa compaired in two-group .Data analyzed by chi-square test. Results: Incidence of preeclampsia was 1.7% in treatment group and 6.2% in control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: antioxidant (vit E,C) have an effect on reduction of preeclampsia incidence.

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Background&Objective: Abnormal BMI of mother and weight gain play very important role in the outcome of pregnancy. Several researches were done on the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and mother weight gain in pregnancy, and the complications in neonates, like low birth weight and prematurity and mother complications like preeclampsia. This study was performed in order to determine the correlation between body mass index and weight gain during pregnancy, maternal and fetal complications in patient admitted to Deziani hospital in Gorgan, Iran. Materials&Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 350 pregnant women in Deziani hospital during a year (2002-03). Patients' information's like mother age, pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain during pregnancy and maternal-fetal complications (preeclampsia, PROM, preterm labor and macrosomia) were recorded. After coding, data were analyzed by SPSS and Chi-Square test was used for description. Results: In high BMI women, higher weight gain was seen than normal BMI women. Preterm labor was significantly related with pre-pregnancy BMI (P<0.05) but no relationship was seen between weight gain and preterm labor. PROM and birth weight were significantly related to pre-pregnancy BMI and weight gain during pregnancy (P<0.05). Preeclampsia has significant relationship with weight gain (P<0.05) but not with pre-pregnancy BMI. Conclusion: Abnormal maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and weight gain during pregnancy can complicate the delivery. Low and high BMI and weight gain during pregnancy can contribute with the complications in mothers and neonates.

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Background&Objective: Foodstuffs additives are a general term for materials that are added to the foodstuffs in order to increase durability and to improve the appearance, composition, taste and food nutritional value. Colors are classified in this group and are added to foodstuffs in order to increase their attraction. Colors may cause illness such as allergy, rash and hyper activation in children and also they may debilitate the Immune system, Anaphylaxis reactions may also occur and they may have cancerous effect. The aim of this survey was to analyze status of added colors to the dried sweets which are produced in south of Tehran city. Materials & Methods: 191 samples of dried sweets were randomly collected and analyzed from south of Tehran areas. First, the samples were de-colored by Clorhidric Acid, and then were analyzed after refining by Thin Layer Chromatography (T.L.C) method. Samples were identified by taking Retention Factor (RF values) into consideration. Results: 93.2 percent from the total samples contained colors. Among chromatic samples, 42 samples (22%) out the total samples, contained artificial, non-edible colors and 96 samples (50.3%) from the total samples contained artificial and edible colors (for Industrial Producers) and 40 samples (21%), contained natural colors. Sunset yellow color was detected more than other added colors in sweets. Conclusion: Low costs, stability, PH, purity, and environmental conditions, motivate the producers for high utilization of edible colors without considering their possible hazards and/or their edible quality aspects. It is suggested that, based on the findings of this study and high consumption of colors.

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Background&Objective: Leptospirosis is one of the most common zoonosis in the world,fatality rate of the disease is sometimes high in endemic regions and is transmitted through direct or indirect contact with urine of animals that are carrier of leptospirosis. We studied incidence of leptospirosis in Golestan province in 2004. Materials&Methods: According to coordination with province health center, 20 suspicious patients for leptospirosis were diagnosed by general practioners and referred to 5th Azar hospital. Patients with at least 4 constitutional symptoms (fever, sever headache, conjunctival suffusion, myalgia, arthralgia, icter, malaise) and history of working ir rice farm, exposure to wild or domestic animals or stagnant water were included and MAT for leptospirosis were requested. other causes were ruled out with wright, widal, VDRL, peripheral blood smear. Results: Out of 20 suspicious patients, 12 cases reported. All of them were farmer, had titer>1/100 in MAT. Fever chills, headache were found in nearly all of them. Conjunctival suffusion and increased CPK up to 2 fold than normal was seen in %75 and %66.4 respectively. They were treated by ampicillin or amoxicillin sussessfully. Conclusion: According to the results of this study we suggest to all physician of the area to be concentrated to the disease as an occupational disease in rice farmers. So early diagnosis can prevent many complications of the disease in this group of farmers.

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Background & Objective: Neural tube defects, growth retardation and nail hypoplasia are most common features of teratogenic effects of carbamazepine. This study was done to determine the effects of carbomazepine on eye development in Mice fetuses. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study 40 BALB/c pregnant Mice were divided into four groups. Experimental groups I and II received 15 mg/kg daily 6-15 GD (gestational days) and 30 mg/kg daily 6-15 GD intraperitoneal of carbamazepine, respectively. All drugs recolved in Tween20. Two control groups received normal saline or Tween 20. Dams were dissected on GD18 and embryos were collected. After observation of eye malformation in fetuses, we employed routine histological processes to stain the samples and also skeletal staining was performed. Results: Calvaria deformations, finger anomalies, brachygnathia and short tail in experimental groups I and II were 7% and 10.8%, 13.3% and 16.6%, 7.8% and 11.7%, 10.2% and 9.2% respectively. Ten of fetuses (8.6%) in experimental group I and nine of fetuses (7.5%) in the experimental group II had eye malformations. Premature opening of one or both eyes with mild to severe exophthalmos occurred in both of the experimental groups. Also, histological examination showed deformed lens, retinal folds with undeveloped layers, corneal fold with absence of surface epithelium. Conclusion: This study revealed that administration of carbamazepine during embryunic period can induce eye malformations in Mice fetuses.

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Background & Objective: On the bases of the antiinflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of matricaria chamomilla (chamomile) extract. This study was design to determine the effect of topical hydroalcoholic chamomile extract on burn wound healing in albino Rats. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study 30 male albino Rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups, as sham, control (olive oil) and treatment. Second degree burning was induced in 20% of whole surface area of animal body by diving the back of animal into boiling water for 8 seconds. Animals of control group received no treatment. Animals of olive oil and treatment groups were treated topically by olive oil and hydroalcoholic extract dissolved in olive oil twice a day respectively from the first day of burn induction to complete wound healing. Results: The results showed that there was not significant difference between olive oil and sham groups in all days of experiments. Also there was significant difference in wound healing (p<0.05) between olive oil and treatment groups (62.96±2.70 versus 74.77±2.50) from the day of 20 to the end of experiments. Conclusion: This study showed that the hydroalcoholic chamomile extract has a treatment effect on burn wound healing in animal model.

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Background and Objective: Primary TORCH (Toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus) and Treponema palidum infections in the mothers can lead to severe fetal anomalies. This study was done to explore the prevalance of TORCH antibodies in newborns with congenital malformations and their mothers in Gorgan-Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was done on newborns with major congential malformations, during 20 months (2003-04) in Dezyani hospital- a referal gynecology center in Gorgan, in north of Iran. The blood sample of 64 newborns with congenital malformations and their mothers collected. Serologic testes were done on newborns and mothers' sera to determine IgM and IgG levels against rubella, toxoplasma gondeie, Cytomegalo virus, Herpes simplex type II with ELISA test. For Terponema palidum PRP test was used. Results: Four of 64 infants (6 %) had positive IgM antibody titers for Toxoplasma, Rubella, and Cytomegalovirus. Nine of mothers with affected newborns (14%) had positive IgM antibody titers for Toxoplasma, Rubella, and Cytomegalovirus. Conclusion: This study showed that the prevalance of TORCH antibodies are observed in 6% of birth defects, in this region.

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Background and Objective: Weight bearing position is considered as a functional condition. However, available data about it and also knee position sense is little. This study aimed to compare knee joint position sense in weight bearing and non weight bearing positions in men and women, and to determine the effect of target angle on knee joint position sense. Materials and Methods: This interventional study was performed in Zahedan University of medical sciences, Zahedan, Iran in 2006. Forty-four healthy subjects (22 women, 22 men) participated in this study through simple non-probability sampling. Subjects were asked to flex their knees in prone or in standing position, while their eyes closed. Three target angles (45, 60, 90 degrees of knee flexion) were reproduced by each subject. Angle matching errors were measured using an electrogoniometer. Outcomes were collected in form of relative, absolute and variable errors. Data were analyzed using MANOVA test. Results: There was significant difference between weight bearing and non weight bearing positions in terms of angle matching error (P<0.05), while no significant difference was seen between women and men, and also in three target positions. Conclusion: This study showed that subjects are more capable of recognition and identification of the angles during weight bearing position. A larger amount of proprioceptive afferent data may result from sources other than examined knee and lower extremity.

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Background and Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Neonatal Intensive Cares Many different data banks have been developed. Furthermore, various scoring systems such as SNAP and CRIB have been validated to designate and compared differences among hospitalized patients in NICU. This study was done to determine mortality rate and prevalence of complications in neonates admitted to Taleghani and Dezyani NICU centers in Gorgan - Iran. Materials and Methods: In this discriptive study a questioniare including sex, birthweight, gestational age, duration of hospitalization, age at the time of discharge or death, complications and other information needed for CRIB scoring system, was completed for 46 neonates with gestational age of less than 37-week old and birth weight of less than 1500 grams. Results: Mortality rate was 37% (17 neonates) with the most common cause being respiratory failure. RDS was associated with a 101-fold increase for the chance of death (OR=1.1, CI=12.9-793.6). This probability was 4.7 fold for delivery-time asphyxia. The mean of birthweight, gestational age and CRIB in living and dead infants were 1201 and 934 grams, 30 and 28 weeks and 3.76 and 11.7, respectivly. Using a ROC curve, a cut off point of 7 was reached to predict neonatal outcome for CRIB scoring. Conclusion: This study showed that the mortality rate was higher than the rate in most centers of the world. The mortality rate was directly related with the increase of CRIB score,especially for scores more than 11.

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Background and Objective: Retinopathy of permaturity (ROP), a lesion in the retina of premature infants with low birth weights, can result in blindness and it is a major cause of blindness in children of developing countries. We were ought to determine prevalence and intensity of retinopathy of permaturity and investigate some related risk factors in NICU of Taleghani hospital.

Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, from march 2004 to December 2005, the result of clinical examinations and laboratory of 89 premature infants with gestational ages of less than 34week old were recorded in a questionair form. These infants, were examined by a retinologist, at the time of discharge and if necessary every 4 weeks, until retinal vascularization completed. The results of examination were recorded.

Results: Retinopathy of permaturity was detected in 5 neonates all of them in stage 1 and the most percent of prevalence in neonates with birthweights between 1001 to 1250 grams and gestational ages less than 29-week old. All cases were oxygenated and prevalence was more in the group who got oxygen via CPAP.

Conclusion: Based upon this study, the most important risk factors for retinopathy of permaturity were lower birthweight and less gestational age. Moreover, it was one more time emphasized on the effect of oxygenation in developing retinopathy of permaturity.

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Background and Objective: Previous reports on the effect of treatment on the serum immunologic parameters in patients with infective endocarditis are controversial. This study was conducted to asses the serum levels of CRP (C-reactive protein), RF (rheumatoid factor) and CIC (circulatory immune complex) before and after treatment in patients with infective endocarditis. Materials and Methods: In this discriptive study 30 hospitalized patients with infective endocarditis in Razi Hospital in Ahvaz during 2006. Blood samples obtained before and after treatment. 2.5 cc of each sample were used for CRP and RF and remaining 2.5 cc preserved at -20ºC until CIC examination. CRP and RF were measured by using nephlometry and CIC was detected by immundiffusion method. The data were analyzed using SPSS-16 and t-student test. Results: Out of 30 patients, 26 (86.7%) were male. Mean age was 29.53±10.28years. The mean values of CIC, CRP and RF before and after treatment were 0.847, 72.38, 60.45 and 0.80, 44.1, 41.2, respectively. The means of CRP and RF before and after treatment were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that the serum level of CRP and RF reduce after effective treatments because most of the our patients were intravenous drug user, CRP and RF indeces may be useful measurment for treatment evaluation responses to infective endocarditis in these population.