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Background and Objective: Valeriana Officinalis administrated for treatment of many gastrointestinal disorders traditionally and probably reduced smooth muscle contraction and bowel movement. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Valeriana Officinalis extract on Ileum contraction of Guinea pig ileum in In Vitro model.

Materials and Methods: This experimental study done on five male Guinea pigs. The animals were sacrificed and the pieces of ileum with 2-3cm long (at least 6 pieces) dissected and established in normal Tyrod solution plus Carbogen gas in 37ºc. Tissue fixed between of two electrodes that connected to stimulator apparatus. The contraction of ileum carried to physiograph by isotonic transducer and recorded. A solution with 5 concentration of Valeriana Officinalis extract was added to the organ bath during ileum stimulation with stimulator and the muscle contraction recorded in 7 responses.

Results: Hydroalcoholic extract of Valeriana Officinalis root in concentrations of 5, 15, 50, 150, 500 mg/ml during 0.1 Hz stimulation decreased Ileum contractions in a dose dependent manner. The percent of reduce contraction was 34.45%, 36.07%, 47.53%, 56.42%, and 76.22% respectively. Also Ec50% of this effect of Valeriana Officinalis was found to be 50 mg/ml (P<0.05).

Conclusion: This study showed that Valeriana Officinalis extracts can decrease ileum contraction in dose dependent manner.

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Background and Objective: The most important factor in the integrity of saphenous vein is the health degree of endothelium which guaranties the dilation of them after cronary bypass sergery. Kind of preservative soulution has a key role in endothelial protection. This study was done to evaluate Protective effect of perserved solutions of krebs contains verapamil, adrenaline and propranololol in comparision with Krebs and Heparinated blood on desqumation of the endothelial cell in Saphenous vein of Guinea pig.
Methods: This experimental study was done on 28 male Guinea pigs with 380±40g weight.for separating 3mm of saphenous vein rings and Measuring of rings nitric oxide released in preserving solutions: Krebs (K), Krebs plus propranolol (K+P), adrenaline (K+A) and verapamil (K+V) compaired with heparinized blood at 30, 45, 60 and 90 minutes after harvesting measured by micro plate Griess reaction. Rings also stained by H&E and examined by light microscopy to evaluate endothelial desqumation.
Results: Average concentration of nitric oxide (NO) in the Krebs plus Verapamil solution (K+V) Vs Heparinized Blood (HB), Krebs (K), Krebs plus Adrenaline (K+A) and Krebs plus Propanololol (K+P) revealed significant increase in NO release (P<0.05). The maximum NO measurement was 45 minuts after harvesting. Also histological study with H&E staining showed that endothelial layer was intact only in Krebs plus verapamil in compaired to control group, but in the other solutions the vascular intimal cells had suffered different degrees.
Conclusion: It seems that Krebs solutions containing verapamil has more efficiently to the proper functioning of the saphenous veins endothelium in animal modle.