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Background and Objective: After distinguishing the role of Helicobacter Pylori in gastritis and peptic ulcer, some hypothesis were brought up about the probable interference of this germ in dyspepsia. This study was done in order to determine the prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori infection in persons conflicted with dyspepsia, attended in 5th Azar Hospital in Gorgan during 8 months (From 2001/Mar/21 to 2001/Nov/22). Materials and Methods: In this research, 270 patients with diagnosis of dyspepsia were endoscopic based on clinical examinations and paraclinical studies and after ruling out of erosive gastrodeodenitis and peptic ulcer, two biopsy samples were taken from antrum. Then, the samples were put in urea rapid test environment media. The required time for positive response was 15 minutes but to be completely sure about it, urea environment media consisted of biopsy samples were maintained for 2 hours. Any color changes during this time were considered as positive response. Results: Among 270 patients conflicted with dyspepsia 136 patties were male and 134 were female with age average of 40.9% Y/O. The patients with Helicobacter Pylori infection were 139 (51.5%) and the ones without infection were 131 (48.5%), and age averages were 44.4 Y/O and 37.3 Y/O, respectively. The prevalence of dyspepsia subgroups were as follows: Ulcer like 53.7%, reflux like 31.1%, non specific 9.6%, and dismotility like 5.6%, and the prevalence of infection among dyspepsia subgroups were as follows: Ulcer like 62.02%, reflux like 40.47%, non specific 46.15%, and dismotility like 20%. Other risk factors in these patients were as follows: Cigarette smoking 25.6%, NSAID 16.3% and alcohol drinking 4.1%. Conclusion: This study suggests that Helicobacter Pylori infection can have a role in formation of dyspepsia.

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Background and Objective: Most of the diagnostic methods of Helicobacter Pylori infection are invasive and time consuming. This study compared salivary IgG with serum IgG in diagnosis of H.pylori infection in dyspeptic patients in order to search for a non-invasive, cheaper and more tolerable method. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional diagnostic study, during one year (Feb 2002-Feb 2003) 200 consecutive patients (Age range 11-83) referring to Imam Khomeini Hospital. For upper gastroduodenal endoscopy were recruited. Three biopsy specimens were obtained from antrum and body of the stomach and three from duodenum. Histological examination (Hematoxylin-Eosin and Gimsa), rapid urease test and culture were performed. Saliva and serum were obtained before endoscopy and IgG antibody level were determined by ELIZA using Randim Kit (Roma, Italy). Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were evaluated by SPSS soft ware. Results: Salivary IgG correctly identified 120 out of 146 H.pylori infected patients (82%). Salivary IgG assay showed high sensitivity in the detection of H.pylori infected patients (88.2%). Specificity and positive predictive value of Salivary IgG were higher than those of serum (84.4% versus 83.1% and 92.3% versus 91.9%). Conclusion: Salivary IgG assay can be used as an alternative to other non-invasive methods for screening of H.pylori infected patients.

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Background and Objective: Any factor that disrupts the tear duct can cause epiphora, one of the most prevalent causes for patients to go to ophthalmology clinics. Nasolacrimal duct obstruction can be congenital or acquired. Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery, which can be operated using external or endonasal approaches, is the standard treatment for nasolacrimal duct obstruction. This study was carried out to assess the success rate of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy surgery for patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction.
Methods: This descriptive study was carried out on 38 patients (29 females and 9 males), aged over 18 with an average age of 43.07±13.83, suffering from epiphora referring to 5 Azar Hospital in Gorgan (Iran) between 2015 and 2018. The success rate of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy surgery for epiphora treatment was evaluated 6 months after the surgery. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of the complications of the surgery and the connection to the CT scan results, endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy surgery was assessed.
Results: The surgery was successful for 36 patients (94.74%). The extent of the nasolacrimal duct obstruction of the right eye and the left eye was measured at 63.2% and 36.8%, respectively. Slight and heavy bleeding during the surgery was observed in 76.3% and 7.9% of the cases, respectively. Cerebrospinal fluid leakage and orbital injury during the surgery were not seen in the patients. According to the CT scan findings, deviation of the septum was seen in 76.3% of the patients, while septoplasty was operated on in 41.37% of the patients during the surgery. Moreover, half of the patients were suffering from chronic sinusitis for whom, the involved sinuses were opened and sinuses drainage was performed.
Conclusion: Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy surgery is an acceptable and successful method for treating epiphora, especially for patients with sinusitis or nasal septum deviation.