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Sialoprotein is one of the most abundant non-collageneous and phosphorylated glycoproteins in human. This protein plays an important role in the structure of human teeth. The aim of this project is to measure the amount of dentin Sialoprotein in the healthy and decay teeth to evaluate the variation in the teeth structure. In this investigation 50 decay teeth has been collected from patients referred to the clinic. The dentin was separated and placed in liquid Nitrogen. One gram of each dentin was washed with distilled water for 30 mins and subsequently the dentin was powdered, and relocated to the gaunidin-Hcl tris buffer, and incubated at 4°C for 48 hrs. The dentin powder was centrifuged at 3000 g for 20 mine. The supernatant was discarded, and the samples again was centrifuged at 10000 g. Finally one ml of this supernatant transferred to the sepharose column and washed with gaunidin-Hcl tris at 1 ml/min. The fractions obtained by chromatography was monitored by electrophoresis. The amount of decay teeth Sialoprotein was 17.23±1.45 ng/l and in the healthy teeth was 26.39±4.27 ng/l. The results from this study indicate that the Sialoprotein content in patient dentin decreased by about 1.5 time compared normal subjects.

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Background & Objective: Despite their very wide geographical distribution in the Mediterranean region, most Leishmania infantum strains belong to zymodeme MON-1. As different Leishmania species are known to cause different clinical symptoms and may require different treatment protocols, therefore this study was done to identify and characterize the leishmania agents causing visceral, Leishmaniasis (VL) in humans, reservoirs and vectors in the north-west of Iran by Isoenzyme analyses. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive and cross sectional study, The samples collected from 12 VL confirmed patients (bone marrow aspirates), 26 dogs (spleen and hepatic aspirates) and more than 100 sand flies from northwest of Iran between 2005 and 2006. All aspirated material from human, canine and sandflies demostrated growth of Leishmania parasite in NNN and αMEM media. The above species compared with WHO reference strains, Leishmania (Leishmania) donovani (DD8), L (L) infantum (IPT-1), L (L) tropica (K-27), and L(L) major (5-ASKH), using thin layer starch gel electrophoresis. The enzymes investigated in this study were ALAT, ASAT, SOD, ES,NH, MPI, GPI, MDH, 6PGD, PGM, PEPD, and PDK. Results: In this study L.infuntum. MON-1 was the only zymodeme present in all samples of dogs and human sandflies. Conclusion: We concluded that the visceral Leishmania (VL) focus in northwest of Iran is evidently Mediterranean type, which extends from Portugal and Morocco to Pakistan and the Central Asia and domestic doges act as the reservoir host in northwest of Iran, where the complete life cycle of zymodeme MON-1 has been identified.

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Background and Objective: Hydatidosis is a chronic, zoonotic worldwide infection which induced by larval stage of Echinococcus worm. This study was done to assessment the pure and B hydatid cyst fluid antigens for the serological diagnosis of human hydatidosis. Methods: In this descriptive laboratory study, infected liver with Hydatid cyst were obtained from Tehran's slaughterhouses to prepare cyst fluid in different stages. After draining and purifying the cyst fluid, it was centrifuged and subsequently concentrated. Specificity and sensitivity of sera samples including hydatidosis (n=60), worm parasites (n=55), fascioliasis (n=35), toxocariasissera (n=20) and negative control (n=35) were tested by Counter Immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP), ELISA and Dot ELISA methods. Results: Specificity and sensitivity of pure antigen of hydatid cyst using CIEP method was 68.9% and 86.7%, respectively. Specificity and sensitivity of B-antigen using CIEP method was 87.8% and 83.3%, respectively. Specificity and sensitivity of pure antigen of hydatid cyst using ELISA method was 76.7%, and 93.3%, respectively. Specificity and sensitivity of B-antigen using ELISA method was 96.7% and 88.3%, respectively. Specificity and sensitivity of pure antigen of hydatid cyst using Dot ELISA method was 83.3% and 100%, respectively. Specificity and sensitivity of B-antigen using Dot ELISA method was 100% and 98.3%, respectively. Conclusion: B-antigen using Dot ELISA method is the most suitable serological test for the diagnoses of hydatid test.

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Background and Objective: Rotaviruses are the members of the Reoviridae family containing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genome which are the main cause of gastroinentritis particularly in children less than three years. This study was designed to evaluate the detection of rotavirus genome by new silver staining method using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Method: In this descriptive study, the samples were collected from infected MA-104 cell culture and the RNA electrophoresis was performed in 10% polyacrylamide slab gels after RNA extraction. Results: According to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and sensitive staining analysis, rotavirus RNA segments were divided into 4 groups and single-nucleotides differences were clearly detected rapidly. Conclusion: New silver staining method using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis has the capacity to detect the rotavirus electeropherotype within a few minutes even in small DNA/RNA pieces up to 7 picograms.

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Background and Objective: Lovastatin is a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase results in inhibiting the activity of the Ras proto-oncogene that has mutations in most cancers. This study was done to determine the Anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of Lovastatin on K562 Erthromyloidy cancer cell line.
Methods: The K562 Erthromyloidy cancer cell line were cultured and treated with different concentrations of lovastatin. Their antitumor effect on K562 cells were assessed via MTT assay after 72 hours. Hoechst (33342) staining and DNA electrophoresis were used for study of apoptosis.
Results: Lovastatin had antitumor effect on K562 Erthromyloidy cancer cell line and this effect increased by incease of time and concentration.The maximum inhibitory effect was 59% in higher concentration (100 µM) and 72 hours after the treatment. Reduced cell growth at 24 and 48 hours after treatment was 24% and 43%, respectively. Lovastatin significantly inhibited K562 cell growth (P<0.05).
Conclusion: This study showed that lovastatin has antitumor effect on K562 Erthromyloidy cancer cell line.