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Background&Objective: The main cause of the cardiovascular disease is atherosclerosis of coronary artery. One of theraputic methods of the disease is coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). One of the main complicatons of CABG is bleeding after grafting. Different methods and proposed for preventing or reducting the bleeding. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of tranexamic acid (TA) on reduction of bleeding after grafting.

Materials&Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial. 100 patients conditated to CBG divided into 2 groups randomizely (50 for control and 50 for subject). TA was injected to subject group twice with the same dosage of 15 mg/kg: first during the operation and second after ending the cardiopulmunary pomp and neutralizing the theraputic effect of heparin by protamin. The same method was used for the control group, except normal saline was used instead of TA variations such as bleeding rate, PT, aPTT were tested after CABG. The extracted data was analysed by SPSS software.

Results: The range of ages was 28 to 75 years and the control and subject groups were distributed normally from age viewpoint. Bleeding rate after grafting in subject group was 335±45 ml and in control group was 490±81 ml. in case and control platelet count and hematocrit groups, were significant differences (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Using TA during and after CABG is suggested to control bleeding.

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Background and Objective: Todays, coronary artery disease is one of the most important health issues. Antioxidants are the agents that can play important role in reducing cardiovascular diseases. The present study was done to determine the effect of resveratrol supplementation during rehabilitation exercises training on systemic inflammation factors in patients after coronary artery bypass surgery.
Methods: This clinical trial study was done on 40 patients after coronary artery bypass surgery in the heart rehabilitation center of Farshchian cardiovascular specialist hospital in Hamadan, Iran during 2016. Patients randomly assigned into four groups including control (Con; n=10), resveratrol supplementation (RS; n=10), rehabilitation exercise training (RXT; n=10), and resveratrol supplements-cardiac rehabilitation exercise training (REX; n=10). Rehabilitation exercise training was done in nonconsecutive three sessions for eight weeks in the form of endurance training at 50-70% HRmax for 15-20 min, and resistance training at 20-50 one-repetition maximum (1RM). The number of repetitions was 8-15 reps, where done based on the capacity and ability of the subject, while the subjects in supplement groups consumed daily 400 mg of resveratrol. Blood sample was done before and 48 hours after exercise training and supplementation, and concentrations of Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), Interleukin- 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in the plasma.
Results: CRP, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta and IL-6 were significantly reduced in resveratrol supplements-cardiac rehabilitation exercise training group in compared to control, resveratrol supplementation and rehabilitation exercise training groups (P˂0.05).
Conclusion: This study showed that combination of consuming resveratrol with rehabilitation exercise training in reducing some inflammatory factors was evaluated selectively, more effective than rehabilitation exercise training and resveratrol supplementation alone.

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Background and Objective: Coronary heart disease (CAD) is one of the most important causes of death in most countries including Iran. Exercise training after coronary artery bypass grafting and the resulting adaptations increase the capillary density of skeletal and cardiac muscle along with the development of new capillaries and improve cardiovascular and functional ability due to increased mitochondrial biogenesis. This study was done to evaluate the effect of aerobic-resistance training on plasma levels of PGC1α (Peroxisome proliferator 1a) in post coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients.
Methods: This clinical trial study was done on 30 male patients aged 45-60 years who underwent bypass surgery. The patients were randomly divided into intervention and control groups, respectively. Subjects in interventional group were received aerobic resistance training for eight weeks (3 sessions per week). Subjects in control group did not receive any intervention. To measure lymphocytes, fasting blood samples were taken 48 hours prior to the bigning of the first training session and also 48 hours after the last training session. PGC1α was measured using ELISA method.
Results: Aerobic-resistance training caused a significant increase in plasma level of PGC1α in the training group compared to the control group (P<0.05). In intervention group, plasma level of PGC1α was significantly higher after the exercise than before the exercise (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Aerobic-resistance training exercise with increasing serum levels of PGC1α can play a role as an effective factor in initiating angiogenic processes and increasing capillary density and be used as an effective factor in various people, especially cardiovascular patients.

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Background and Objective: Exercise in cardiac patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) improves cardiovascular function by increasing the capillary density of the myocardium. Platelet-derived growth factor and stromal cell-derived factor-1 play an important role in angiogenesis and cell proliferation and differentiation. This study was performed to determine the effect of eight weeks of combined training on plasma levels of Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1) in CABG patients.
Methods: In this clinical trial study, 24 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting operation were selected using convenience and purposeful sampling method and randomly divided into two combined training and control groups. Subjects in combined training group were received aerobic and resistance training protocols for eight weeks, three sessions per week. Before and after training program, body composition assessments and blood sampling were performed to measure Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1). ELISA method was used to measure PDGF and SDF1.
Results: The level of PDGF was significantly increased in intervention group in compared to control group (P<0.05). Although the level of SDF1 in the intervention group increased in intervention group in compared to control group; but this increase level of SDF1 was not significant.
Conclusion: This study showed that the eight weeks of combined rehabilitation training can promote desirable physiological adaptations in cardiovascular health by increasing the plasma levels of PDGF.

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Background and Objective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the major cardiovascular diseases that affect the global population. This study was performed to evaluate the electrocardiogram (ECG) changes of patients before and after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 100 patients (71 males and 29 females) in the age range of 37 to 78 years (mean age of 57.87±8.14 years) by census method undergoing CABG surgery in Amir Al-Momenin Kordkoy Hospital, north of Iran during the second half of 2020. Data including age, sex, and results of ECG changes, including changes in heart rate and pulse rate (PR) the day before surgery, the day of hospitalization, 4 hours after surgery, 18 hours after surgery, one day, and two days after surgery was recorded in a questionnaire.
Results: The highest mean heart rate and PR were observed at 4 hours after surgery and then heart rate and PR were reduced and on the second day, heart rate and PR were lower than  the day of hospitalization (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the significant changes in ECG after surgery, careful examination and monitoring of patients, especially high-risk individuals led to early detection of significant changes in patients and reduced subsequently complications in patients with appropriate and timely treatment.