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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and multiphasic autoimmune disease which affecting the nervous system. Recently, neurotrophic factor secreting cells have been proposed as one of the best sources for cell therapy in MS disease. Therefore, this review study was done with aimed to introduce neurotrophic factor secreting cells and the role of neurotrophic factors in the treatment of MS. The present study, based on the Systematic Review and using multiple sclerosis, neurotrophin and cell therapy keywords, 98 articles were searched from various databases including Pubmed, SID, Springer, SinceDirect Magiran, Web of Sciences and the Google Scholar. After removing irrelevant and repetitive articles, 50 articles were selected. The results of these studies showed that cell-based therapies in MS have been designed with the aim of replacing destroyed cells or with the goal of neuronal support using neural growth factors. Neurotrophic factors secreting cells with the ability to migrate to neurological lesions and secretion of neurotrophic factors can play a major role in supporting neural tissue and preventing its destruction. These factors, through tyrosine kinase receptors, have a variety of effects on the development and proper functioning of neurons. On conclusion, neurotrophic factor secreting cells due to the secretion of a wide range of neural growth factors which required for neural development might be one of the ideal cell sources for cell-based therapy in MS disease.