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Background & Objective: Mycobacterium marinum is the etiologic agent of fish Mycobacteriosis and fish tank granuloma in human in this study our objective was to determine of the fish tank granuloma in Fishermen and Mycobacterium marinum infection in Caviar fishes in Ashorade, in the Golestan province of Iran south east Caspian Sea border. Materials & Methods: Any suspected lesions in 387 subjects of Fishermen and 113 autopsy samples from gills of fish of Caviar were obtained and cultured in Lowenstein Jensen media. The mycobacterial species were determined by conventional biochemical tests. Results: No fish tank granuloma was proved in human, but 11 (9.73%) strains of Mycobacteria were isolated from Caviar fishes, that only 2 strains (1.76%) belong to M.marinum. Conclusion: This study showed that was low prevalence any cases of fish tank granuloma and infection due to M.marinum in Caviar fish in this Region.

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Background & Objective: Gorgan Gulf, with unique environmental value, has been located at the eastern south region of the Caspian Sea. It has not only valuable fish species such as strugen, Caspian roach, carp and vobla fish which supply a great part of daily protein need of our country and the world, but also its beaches are used for swimming. Therefore Lack of observation for environmental regulations result in entrance of microbial pollutants into Gorgan Gulf and creates dangers both for human health and for marine environment. So the evaluation microbial pollution for these beaches and comparing them with standards is an essential need. This study was done to evaluate microbial pollution for Caspian Sea at Gorgan Gulf. Materials & Methods: 40 sea water samples were collected during spring and autumn of 2004 at Gorgan Gulf for evaluation of sea water in Gorgan Gulf microbial pollution and also the mean total number of bacteria, coliforms, fecal coli forms and fecal streptococci was determined by standard method. Results: The results indicated that the mean total number of bacteria, coli forms, fecal coli forms and fecal streptococcus were 5001/1cc, 1555/100cc, 817/100cc and 59/100cc respectively. Conclusion: Mean results compared with related standard (both for swimming beach and piscicultres) and we found that Gorgan Gulf beaches have been polluted for swimming applications, but it is not the case for piscicultures.

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Background and Objective: Fish as well as other aquatic animals have become an important source of protein diets. Heavy metals due to their specific physical and chemical characteristics as well as their side effects on various ecosystems are considered as a major contaminator of marine environments. Therefore determine determination of Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Cobalt (Co) and Manganese (Mn) intensity in Rutilus frisii kutum and Cyprinus carpio fishes of Caspian sea. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, levels of Zinc, Copper, Cobalt and Manganese were evaluated, using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (A.S.S) technique, in tissues of two commonly consumed fish in Iran, namely Rutilus frisii kutum and Cyprinus carpio, collected from the southern coastline of the Caspian sea. Results: The mean±SD average concentration of Zn, Cu, Co and Mn were detected as (μg g-1) dry weight of Rutilus frisii kutum’s tissues were 29.97±0.57, 9.45±0.09, 0.30±0.01 and 0.20±0.01, respectively. These values for Cyprinus carpio were detected as: 30.20±0.14, 9.14±0.07, 1.08±0.03 and 0.71±0.02, respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that, the concentration of Zn, Cu and Co in Rutilus frisii kutum, Cyprinus carpio fish tissues were higher than standard base of Brian.

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Background and Objective: Streptomyces are gram-positive and aerobic bacterial strains that are isolated from different sources. Streptomyces have the ability to produce secondary metabolites and biologically active substances and are therefore very important in the field of biocontrol. Urate oxidase is a microbial enzyme product that can be extracted from a variety of sources, including streptomycin. In the present study, cloning of the urate oxidase gene isolated from seawater streptomycosis was performed in Escherichia coli Origami bacteria.
Methods: In this descriptive study, a total of 60 water and sediment samples were collected from different depths of the Caspian Sea coast in Mazandaran province, Iran. The Geram, staining methyl red, VP, citrate, starch hydrolysis, casein hydrolysis, nitrate reduction, oxidase and catalase tests were performed to identify and isolate Streptomyces. The urate oxidase gene was cloned using the T-A cloning method using the PTG-19 vector inside the host of Escherichia coli Origami. The expression of cloned genes in recombinant colonies was investigated by Real-Time PCR. The phylogenetic tree was drawn using clustalX and Mega5 software.
Results: Screening of marine water samples identified 12 isolated streptomyces, all of which had the urate oxidase gene. The expression of urate oxidase gene in Escherichia coli Origami was confirmed by Real-Time PCR. The results of phylogenetic studies identified some close relatives of Streptomyces as candidates for subsequent studies.
Conclusion: Streptococcus bacteria can be considered as a rich source of secondary metabolites with many applications and can be used as a native to produce the enzyme urate oxidase. By using different cloning hosts and examining optimal production conditions, this strain can be a candidate for future studies to develop antimicrobial drugs and compounds.