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Background&Objective: Burning and burn wound are the causes of mortality in the world. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of egg yolk (of hen) on burn wound healing in Rats. Materials&Methods: In this experimental sutdy, 48 females rats randomely divided in silver sulphadiazin, egg yolk and control groups, respectively. Each of three groups including 16 rats and was selected for 28 days of treatment. After general anesthesia with ketamin and xylazin (ip) an area of the back of rats was burned with red-hot coin and similar grade II burns were created. Control group received no medication. In the second and third groups, the surface of wound was covered daily with sulphadiazine and egg yolk. At the end of the eack week, four rats from the each group were scarified by ether and samples were taken from the wound region and were histologically assessed. The samples were stanied with Hematoxillin and Eosin and studied quantitively. Results: Results showed that after 4 weeks the healing of burn wounds in the groups receiving egg yolk and sulphadiazine were similar. But healing of burn wounds within these 2 groups was better than control group. There was no difference between the groups receiving either egg yolk or sulphadiazin. Conclusion: This study showed that egg yolk can be used as an alternative to sulphadiazin in second degree burn wounds.

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Background & Objective: Burnout is a syndrom that emerges by mental fatigue and loss of competency. Inappropriate pysical Environment and Professional Equipment may be caused Burnout in nursing. Therefore this study accomplished by object of determination of relationship between Burnout and physical Environment and professional equipments. Materials & Methods: This is a descriptive –analytical corrolational study. The environment of study was medical sciences hospitals and samples were nursing emploees in 1383-84. The research tools were two questionnaire including Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) consisted of three partsincluding: Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal achivement. the next, was pysical Environment and Professional Equipments questionnaire. Results: Total participants were 272 nurses that43.8% of them had high level of emotional exhaustion, also there were a significant relationship between emotional exhaustion, dpersonalization and physical environment (p ? 0.05). In adition, there were a significant relationship between severity of emotional exhaustion and dpersonalization with professional equipments (p?0.05). There were a reversed relationship between burnout and professional equipments desirability. Conclusion: This study indicated that most of the samples had high emotional exhaustion and there were relationship with physical environment and professional equipments. Also there were a reversed relationship between burnout and professional equipments desirability.

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Background & Objective: Burning is a general health problem and is also a global injury as well as a very serious sanitary issue in industrial and developing countries. In its severe form, burning can claim lives. It seems essential in every society to analyze burning, to study the causes of burning, treatment outcomes and the death rates, etc. to find proper preventive measures. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the medical records of all patients who were hospitalized and finally deceased during the years 2002 and 2004 in Zare' teaching hospital, Sari, were examined. Some variables including the age span average, the degree and percentage of burning, patients' residence, gender, the cause of burning (i.e. boiling water, fire, acids and explosives), average hospitalization period, surgery and also the abundance of self – burning attempts were examined. Results: This study indicate that during these 3 years the total number of those who died from burns was 506 (23.4%). The residential places were in Mazanderan province (41.7%), Golestan province (41.4%), and Gilan province (10.2%). The abundance of burning ranges as below: The 2 and 3 degree of burning at 91.8%. Regarding the percentage of burns, 31.7% of abundance pertains to burning at 90% and more. The greatest external causes leading to burns are petrol, gas, and gas oil at 57.9%. Also, the percentage of burns does not have much influence on death rate among 50 – year – olds and older people. Conclusion: This study indicated that the importance of death between burned patient in special sex and age. To establish hospitals, some issues must be considered as: distance, transportation, route dangers, characteristics of area, existing epidemiological survey, and finally the epidemics and event statistics.

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Background & Objective: On the bases of the antiinflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of matricaria chamomilla (chamomile) extract. This study was design to determine the effect of topical hydroalcoholic chamomile extract on burn wound healing in albino Rats. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study 30 male albino Rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups, as sham, control (olive oil) and treatment. Second degree burning was induced in 20% of whole surface area of animal body by diving the back of animal into boiling water for 8 seconds. Animals of control group received no treatment. Animals of olive oil and treatment groups were treated topically by olive oil and hydroalcoholic extract dissolved in olive oil twice a day respectively from the first day of burn induction to complete wound healing. Results: The results showed that there was not significant difference between olive oil and sham groups in all days of experiments. Also there was significant difference in wound healing (p<0.05) between olive oil and treatment groups (62.96±2.70 versus 74.77±2.50) from the day of 20 to the end of experiments. Conclusion: This study showed that the hydroalcoholic chamomile extract has a treatment effect on burn wound healing in animal model.

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Burn is one of the major causes of death and disability in the world. It can cause by heat, chemicals, electricity, sunlight or radiation. More burns caused by fires in buildings, contact with boiling water, steam, liquids and flammable gases. Accelerating the process of healing has always been of interest to practitioners because these injuries are usually takes long time to be healed. Therefore, proper treatment and care of this type of wound required to accelerate healing, prevent infection and chronicity. In traditional medicine, due to the high vegetation diversity and breadth of our country, the use of herbs for burns healing and lesions of various etiologies, has been intesified. Various studies on burn wound healing properties of medicinal plants have been performed. In this article, we refered to reliable sites for evaluating of 10 plants including Amebia euchroma, Green Tea, Hypericum perforatum, Centella asiatica, Scrophularia striata, Aloe vera, Cydonia Oblongae seeed, Malva sylvestris, Calendula officinalis and Myrtus to compare the restorative properties of a number of important medicinal plant flora of Iran on accelerating the process of wounds healing of burn in order to provide effective medicinal plant sources are addressed.

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Background and Objective: Burn is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. This study was done to determine the effect of the lavender, sesame oil, and combination of Lavender with sesame oil and silver sulfadiazine on the burn wound healing in mice.
Methods: In this experimental study, 30 male adult albino mice were randomly allocated into 5 groups as follows: the negative control group (physiology serum); the positive control group (silver sulfadiazine); the first experimental group (sesame oil), the second experimental group (combination of Lavender with sesame oil) and the third experimental group (Lavender oil).Second degree of  burn wound healing  take place using hot sheet with a diameter of 2 cm. wound treatment was done in five groups in 21-day treatment period. The wound diameter size and restoration percentage were measured on days 1, 3, 6, 9, 18, and 21. Some mice were euthanized and the samples of wounds were used for histopathological studies.
Results: The percentage of wound healing significantly increased in groups of silver sulfadiazine, combination of Lavender with sesame oil, Lavender oil and  sesame oil in compared to control group (P<0.05). The improvement percentage was seen in sulfadiazine and combination of Lavender with sesame oil groups in compared to negative control group. The level of tissue restoration based on the accumulation of collagen, fibroblasts, re-epithelialization were seen in sulfadiazine, combination of Lavender with sesame oil, Lavender oil and sesame oil, respectively.
Conclusion: Combination of Lavender with sesame oil similar to silver sulfadiazine has tissue restoration effect on burn wound healing in animal model.

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Background and Objective: Couple burnout is phenomenon which affects many couples. It is the main cause of emotional divorce, and it can provide a ground for formal divorce of couples. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of stress inoculation training (SIT) on reducing couple burnout among married women.

Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 30 married women whom refered to Aram psychological and counseling service center in Gorgan, norhern Iran during 2016. The subjects selected by available sampling method and were assigned into intervention and control groups via a non-randomized method. Subjects in intervention group were received the stress inoculation training intervention in eight 2-hour session in groups (one session per week). The control group did not receive intervention until the end of the follow up stage. The data gathering tool was Couple Burnout Measure of Pinez (1996) which was completed by all subjects in pre-test, post-test and one-month follow up.

Results: After treatment and one-month follow up, the stress inoculation training intervention was effective on reducing couple burnout and its components including physical fatigue, mental fatigue, and emotional fatigue (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Stress inoculation training reduces couple burnout and its components in married women. Therfore, stress inoculation training recommends to be an appropriate interventional option for reducing marital problems and improving couple relationships.

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Background and Objective: The undesirable and destructive effects of stress on the lives of many couples are grounds for marital burnout and consequently, the quality of the couple’s marital relationship is affected. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training on reducing couple burnout among women.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 30 married women referred to the Counseling and Psychological Services Center during 2016 with a score of 75 on their marital burnout questionnaire. Subjects were selected using available sampling method and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups that each included 15 members and the pre-test-post-test-follow-up method was performed. The intervention group participated in an 8-session course of mindfulness-based stress reduction training. No intervention was provided for the subjects in the control group until the end of the follow-up stage. The data were collected using Pines Marital Burnout Scale (1996) which were completed in pre-test, post-test, and one-month follow-up stages by subjects in both groups. In the study groups, the components of marital burnout including physical fatigue, mental fatigue and emotional fatigue were compared and evaluated.
Results: Mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention reduced marital burnout and its components (physical fatigue, mental fatigue, and affective fatigue) in the interventional group compared to the control group at the end of the intervention and after one month follow-up (P<0.05).
Conclusion: This study showed that mindfulness-based stress reduction training is an effectiveness intervention for reducing the level of marital burnout among women.