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Background & Objective: Wound infection in post-operation is one of the side effect that bothering the patients’ quality of life. This study was done to determine the effect of subdermal irrigation with normal saline on the wound infection in abdominal surgery of obstetrics and gynecology. Materials & Methods: A randomized clinical trial of subdermal irrigation with normal saline versus no irrigation was performed on 200 patients who were candidate for abdominal surgery of obstetrics and gynecology. Contaminated wound was excluded. In the case group (100 patients) after facial repair and complete hemostasis, subdermic tissue was irrigated with 1000-milliliter normal saline and skin was closed. In the control group (100 patients) after facial repair and complete hemostasis skin was closed without subdermal irrigation. All of the patients were followed until complete repair of skin. Results: 2 groups were similar in age, BMI, duration of surgery and the type of operation. Wound infection was observed in 1% of case group and in 7% of control groups, which was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Subdermal irrigation with normal saline is effective, simple, safe and not expensive which can reduce the wound infection and can be offered particularly in high risk patients for wound infection.

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Background&Objective: Surgery is an important stressor which makes some harmful physiological reactions shuch as high blood pressure, tachycardia, and repiratory distress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of music on the anxiety and some of physiological responses of patients before abdominal surgery, as assessed by objective parameters and a subjective validated questionnaire. Materials&Methods: This study is a semi-experimental study. Total of 134 subjects was randomly assigned to undergo either 20 minutes of music intervention or a rest period. The level of anxiety was measured using Spilberger questionnaire and physiological responses, arterial blood presure, heart rate and respiratory rate. Subjects in intervention group listened to 20 minutes music by Johann Sebastian Bach. The control group listened to no music. The anxiety level and physiological responses were measured before and after intervention. Results: There was no significant difference between the anxiety level and physiological responses in two groups of subjects before intervention. The findings indicate a significant statistical difference in the level of anxiety and mean of arterial blood pressure in the intervention group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in heart and respiratory rate in two groups of subjects. Conclusion: As indicated by the results of this study, music can provide an effective method of reducing potentailly harmful physiological responses arising from abdominal surgery, therefore it is suggested to use it before surgery.

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Background and Objective: Prolonged hospitalization lead to considerable financial burden for patients as well as health care system. This study aimed to identifying important factors resulting in excess hospitalization days in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries using the multilevel zero-inflated Poisson regression model.
Methods: In this descriptive - analytic study, 485 patients from five teaching and private hospitals in Shiraz (southern Iran) were selected based on convince sampling method. Multilevel zero-inflated Poisson regression model was used to determine the risk factors of excess hospitalization day. Maximum likelihood method was used to estimate parameters of the model. Moreover, Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayes Information Criterion (BIC) indices were applied to assess the goodness of fit of the model.
Results: The primary analysis of data showed that 81.2% of the patients did not undergo excess hospitalization days. Based on findings, age, respiration rate, blood infusion, fever, smoking and drug abuse did not affect excess hospitalization days. In contrast, gender, renal diseases, operation history, laparoscopic gallbladder removal, prostate surgery and ileus significantly led to excess hospitalization days (P<0.05). Laparoscopic gallbladder removal, prostate surgery increased the chance of excess of hospitalization days to 4.64 and 9 times, respectively (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Geder, renal diseases, operation history, laparoscopic gallbladder removal, prostate surgery and ileus significantly led to excess hospitalization days.