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Background & Objective: Job satisfaction is the one of factors that affected by leadership style of managers and can effect on health organization practice. The aim of this study was to determine relation between leadership styles of nursing managers and rate of nursing employees' job satisfaction.

 

Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 720 nursing employees of Gorgan Medical teaching centers during 2006. Leadership style and job satisfaction were main variables of study. Data gathering tools were questionnaire of demographic characters, job satisfaction and standardized Bark's leadership style. Gathered data were analyzed by c², Mann-Whitney and ANOVA statistical tests.

 

Results: The most of participants (74.3%) were women, nurses (86.6%) with the mean age of 32.7±7.32 years. The rate of satisfaction in the most of nursing employees (79.8%) was low and moderate. 63.2% of participates believed that their nursing managers had transactional leadership style and 34.9% of them said nursing managers apply transformational leadership method. Data analysis showed that nursing managers have transactional leadership, had higher job satisfaction rate (88.01 V.S 86.36). This difference was not significant.

 

Conclusion: This study showed that, there is not statistical relation between leadership styles of nursing managers and rate of nursing employees' job satisfaction.

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Background and Objective: Substance abuse is a major concern all over the world. Due to some individual, familial and social factors the identification of related factors can help us to design a more effective strategies for the prevention of drug abuse. This study was performed to evaluate the relation between individual and familial characteristics with substance abuse tendency in self-introduced addicts. Materials and Methods: This case control study was done on 120 addicted subjects referred to addiction clinic of 5Azar hospital, Gorgan, North of Iran and 120 matched non-addicted subjects were considared as controls. Data collections were performed by questionnaire and interview. Data analyzed with using T-test, Chi-Square and logistic regression. Results: Univariate analysis showed that high school (OR=4.63, 95%CI: 1.78-12.02) and high school graduate subjects (OR=15.5, 95%CI: 4.9-50) showed higher tendency toward addiction compared to university educated people. History of substance abuse in friends (OR=7.33, 95%CI: 4.09-13.13) and previous and present cigarette smoking (OR=12.35, 95%CI: 6.65-22.93) increased abuse tendency. Permanent employment decreased abuse tendency (OR=0.109, 95%CI: 0.05-0.22) compared to temporary job. Conclusion: This study showed that addicted friends, cigarette smoking, low level of education and temporary job increase drug abuse tendency.