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Documentation is one of the most important nursing functions that one third of their time are spent for them. Since documentation is recording all of cares delivered to patient, the result of the care and patient response to treatment, and all that has been done does show in documentation. The present research is the semi-experimental study with purpose of determining effect of continuing education on quality of nursing records. The samples consist of nursing personnels of medical-surgical units that responsible for documenting of nursing records Gorgan teaching hospital. Prior to and after education, the content and structure of records were evaluated, scored and mean of scores were comparated by a check-list analysis of findings indicated significant differences between mean of scores prior to and after education (P<0.001). The results showed that we can use continual education for promotion of nursing record quality.

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The present research is a descriptive and analytical study, which is done in order to investigate the reasons of failure in exclusive breast-feeding in Gorgan. 322 women with children between six to 12 months who referred to health center in Gorgan were chosen as convenience sampling. The instruments for collecting information were some questionnaires included open-ended or closed questions, which was related to individual, social and familial characteristics of parents and children. The findings showed that only 44.4% had exclusive breast-feeding. The most current additional liquid in 59.9% was Glucose water. The most important reason for beginning the additional nutrition was colic which most of the time was advised by grandmother (32.6%). Chi-square has shown maternal age, mother’s conception of her ability in breast feeding, feeling that she would not have enough milk to adequately nourish her baby child, acute diseases, the low birth weight and among the reason for failure to have exclusive breast feeding (P<0.05).

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Background&Objective: High blood pressure (BP) is one of the most important health problem world-wide (2005), and risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. This study was determine the prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) among urban subjects in Golestan of province, during 2005. Materials&Methods: This cross sectional study was done on 5000 subjects of 17-70 years old in different towns of Golestan province during 2005. Two equal ratios of both sexes were selected on random clustering sampling in the morning and afternoon. A questionnaire consisting of demographic data and clinical information such as electronic presser gauge filled by trained persons. All of the data analyzed using spss-11.5 and descriptive statistics. Results: The result showed that 2500 male (50%) and 2500 (50%) female, ethenicity were (4.6%) Torkaman, (18.9%), and Sistani (76.4%) Fars group from age of 17 to 70 years old. This study on this basis criterion JNC-5 (46.4%) all of studied subjects had blood pressure normal, (22.6%) blood pressure high normal (21.4%), blood pressure light (7.4%), blood pressure medium and (2.2%) blood pressure severe. Conclusion: The prevalence high blood pressure among the urban population in this province in this province was 31%. Which is slightly higher than other regions in Iran and other part of the world. This issue can be considered in the health planing and theraputic programs in the region.

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Background&Objective: Thalassemia is an inherited and chronic hemolytic disorder. Like other diseases it can make psychological, social and financial problems for both patients and families. The necessity of this research is to teach the way of treating the psychosocial problems of this illness and to increase the quality of patients and families life. It is also a descriptive study to examine psychosocial and financial disorders and coping strategies among families with patients suffering major beta thalassemia Materials&Methods: 320 parents (229 of mothers and 91 of fathers) were included in this study. These families were those who were visited clinics associated with Gorgan's University. Data collection was done using a self structured questionnaire as well as Mc Cubin and Thompson scale for identifying coping strategies. Results: Findings revealed many problems, such as: stress for disease (82.8%) and the patients' vague future (81.8%). The mentioned problems were of psychological disorders. And about social problems: 33.8% of patients families were deprived of having picnics in their free times and helping the patient meddles the routine work of homes in 30.1% of families. The financial problems: the cost of traveling and providing the medicine (63.8%). In addition 97.5% of families had faith and reliance in God in order to help them and to believe their child's illness as a reality. It is apparent that families use different kinds of method in order to cope with psychological, social and financial problems and to face the disease. Conclusion: Most of families have a strong belief in religion and as a result they believe that any kind of problems and especially disease is one of ways to reach God. This is the idea which helps them to face this disease stoutly.

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Background and Objective: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disturbance of colonic function characterized by abdominal pain or discomfort, bloating and abnormal bowel function, resulting in episodes of chronic diarrhea, chronic constipation, or both in alternation. It affects approximately 3 to 20 percent of the population. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Irritable bowel syndrome among the high school pupile in Gorgan, in North of Iran. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical cross sectional study, data was collected by clustering, quota and randomized sampling. 1080, 15-19 years old male and female high school pupiles, residing in Gorgan participated in the survey during 2007. The data collection tool was a demographic questionnaire and standard Rome-II criteria. Results: 1063 pupiles completed the questionnaire. The Irritable bowel syndrome prevalence according to Rome-II was 5.7%. The relation between ethnicity and Irritable bowel syndrome was significant (P<0.05). The rate of Irritable bowel syndrome was higher among the Turkmen students. There was no significant relation between Irritable bowel syndrome prevalence with gender, age and family income. Conclusion: This study showed that irritable bowel syndrome prevalence in this area is nearly similar to that reported in national studies in western Iran as well as with Asian countries.

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Background and Objective: The painful menstruation is one of the common disorders of ‎female sexual organ which is experienced by almost fifty percent of the women affected ‎by regular menstrual periods. The primary dysmenorrhea is referred to as the ‎menstrual pain in absence of undetectable pelvic disease which occurs usually during 2 years after first menstruation when ovulation is established. This study was done to investigate the effect of heat and vibration on primary dysmenorrhea. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study carried out on 75 female students, aged 18-22 years old from Islamic Azad ‎University. Each subject evaluated for two menstrual cycles. At first cycle the participants received the routine pain-relief method. During the second cycle each of them applied combined heat-vibration device for ten minutes during ‎menstrual pain. Data collected using ‎questionnaire and pain visual analog scale and analyzed using SPSS-14, t student and Wilcoxon tests. Results: In contols, pain score was 5.34 and 4.09 prior and after routine intervertion, respectively (P<0.001). Also, in cases pain score significantly reduced from 5.34 to 3.44 after intervention by heat and vibration. In 8% of cases a slight redness was observed. Conclusion: This study showed that heat and vibration is more effective than routine intervention in pain during menstrual cycles.

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Background and Objective: Imperforate anus is a common anorectal malformation, which is associated with other anomalies. This study was done to determine the associated malformations in newborns with imperforate anus in northern Iran. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out on 40 hospitalized newborns (24 boys and 16 girls) with imperforate anus in Taleghani teaching hospital in Gorgan, northern Iran during 2006-10. Results: From 40 newborns with imperforate anus, 23 newborns (57.5%) had associated anomalies. The commonest associated anomalies was genitourinary (65.2%) followed by heart (47.8%), gastrointestinal (13%) and musculoskeletal anomalies (8.7%). Conclusion: Associated anomalies in newborns with imperforate anus in northern Iran have a high prevalence in comparison with other reports.

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Background and Objective: Dyspnea is the main cause of hospitalization of patients with heart failure and it is often associated with anxiety. This study was conducted to determine the effect of Chamomile tea on the severity of dyspnea and anxiety in patients with chronic heart failure.
Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 60 patients with chronic heart failure in an outpatient clinic of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Iran during 2014. Patients were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Subjects in intervention group consumed Chamomile tea for 4 weeks. Oxygen cost diagram (OCD) and Beck anxiety inventory were recorded for each subject.
Results: The mean of severity of dyspnea in the intervention and control groups was 16.66±5.76 and 29.43±13.1, respectively (P<0.05). The mean anxiety severity in the intervention and control groups was 12.07±1.1 and 6.7±6.2, 20, respectively (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Chamomile tea can reduces the severity of dyspnea and anxiety in patients with chronic heart failure.

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Background and Objective: Parents of children with autism have difficulty in their daily activities and social relationships and have a low quality of life. The negative effect of having a low intelligence or disabled child is more likely to cause tension and pressure on mother than the other family members. This study was conducted to determine the quality of life of mothers with autism children compared to mothers with normal children.
Methods: This case-control study was performed on 36 mothers with autistic child and 114 mothers with healthy children in Gorgan (Iran) during 2015. Sampling was done randomly and the data gathering tool was SF-36 quality of life standard questionnaire.
Results: The quality of life of mothers with autistic child had a significant reduction in comparison with the quality of life of mothers with healthy child (P<0.05). Also, items of quality of life including  general health, social function, and role limitation due to psychological, emotional and physical functioning in the group of mothers with autistic children were significantly lower than mothers with healthy ones (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Mothers with autistic children had low quality of life. Therefore, it is recommended to design suitable programs for improving the health status and quality of life as a priority of health care plans.

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Background and Objective: Nursing is one of the most stressful occupations and one of the common stress-induced syndromes among nurses is low resilient. Raising resilience is one of the effective factors in dealing with tensions. This study was done to determine the relationship between optimism and humor with resilience in female nurses.
Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was carried out on 230 female nurses who worked in Isfahan, Iran during 2016. The number of nurses in different departments in these hospitals was 600; finally, 235 people were randomly selected using the Morgan table. In order to collecting data, sense of humor questionnaire by Lefcourt & Martin (SHQ), life orientation optimism questionnaire Carver & Scheier (LOT-R), and Conner and Davidson resilience questionnaires were used.
Results: There was a significant negative relationship between optimism and resilience (P<0.05). Also, there was a significant and positive correlation between humor and resilience (P<0.05). The fact that all the sub-scales of humor can predict resilience, laughter has the greatest effect on resilience.
Conclusion: This study showed that with increasing humor, resilience is rising in female nurses.

 

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Background and Objective: There is a corolation between meta-cognitive beliefs and psychological adaptability. The subjects with adaptability beliefs have more soci-psyclogical adaptability. Diabetes has a negative impact on the quality of life. Therefore, this study was done to determine the relationship between meta-cognitive beliefs and adaptability with quality of life in type 2 of diabetic patients.
Methods: This descriptive correlation study was done on 100 type 2 diabetic patients (60 males, 40 females) whom refered to association of diabetes center in Tehran, Iran during 2016. They were selected by network sampling method. Data collection was done by Wales and Cartwright Hatton (2004) Meta-cognitive beliefs, Bell's (1961) adjustment and ware and quality of life (1996) questionnaires.
Results: There was a positive and significant relationship between metacognitive beliefs (r=0.756) with quality of life (P<0.05). In addition, there was a significant relationship between adaptability (r=-0.917) with quality of life (P<0.05). The results of sub-scales of metacognitive beliefs showed that the strongest predictor of adjustment and quality of life is the component of positive beliefs about worry, and then the components beliefs about superstition, punishment and responsibility associated with worry and beliefs about uncontrollability of worrying and about the dangers of failing to control worrying, respectively, had a good predictor role.the severity of diabetes significantly reduced the qulity of life (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Metacognitive beliefs and compatibility can affect the quality of life in diabetic patients.

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Background and Objective: Cancer can cause many problems in all aspects of the physical, mental, social, economic and family life of the elderly patients. This study was done to determine the supportive care needs of the elderly people with cancer in north of Iran.
Methods: This descriptive- analytical study was carried out on 248 elderly patients with cancer whom referred to governmental and private medical centers in Gorgan, Northern Iran during 2018. Data were collected by a valid and reliable questionnaire "Supportive Care Needs Survey-SCNS" consisted of five domains of physical needs and daily functioning, health system and information, supportive and care, mental, and sexual chracteristics.
Results: There was a significant relationship between physical activity and daily functioning, sexual domain, support and care, health and information system with gender (P<0.05). Female seniors were more in need of assistance in the areas of physical and daily functioning, and male seniors in the areas of sex, support and care, health systems, and information.
Conclusion: This study showed that unmet needs in the elderly with cancer are particularly high in physical and functional areas.

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Background and Objective: Unhealthy lifestyle is the main cause of morbidity, mortality and preventable complications in the elderly. Performing health promotion behaviors are one of the most effective factors in maintaining and improving health. This study was done to determine the health promotion lifestyles in the elderly people.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 110 elderly people aged 60-88 years referred to teaching and medical centers in Gorgan, north of Iran during 2019. Data was collected using Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile 2 (HPLP-II) questionnaire. This questionnaire includes six dimensions of spiritual growth, responsibility for health, interpersonal relationships, stress management, physical activity and nutrition for evaluation health promotion behaviors status. The total score range of the instrument ranges from 52 to 208. A score of 52-103 was considered low level of compliance with health promotion behaviors and a score of 104-155 and scores above 156 was considered intermediate and high level, respectively.
Results: The mean±SD of health promotion lifestyle was 143.52±17.36. There was a significant relationship between lifestyle and demographic characteristics (P<0.05). Spiritual growth and interpersonal relationships had the highest score among the six dimensions of health promotion behaviors.
Conclusion: Health promotion lifestyle in the elderly was low in terms of physical activity and stress management.

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Background and Objective: Writing about emotions and emotional disturbances, improve the performance of an autonomous system, immune system and physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of narrative writing on stress intensity of attendants’ patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICUs).
Methods: This single blind clinical study was done on 106 attendants’ of adult patients hospitalized in ICUs of Babol city in northern Iran. The patients' attendants were divided into two groups of 53 controls and intervention. Data were collected using stress (DASS21) questionnaire. Intervention was writing narration about feelings, thoughts and experiences related to the hospitalized patient and ICU in a notebook as daily for seven days in the intervention group.
Results: The mean and standard deviation of overall stress intensity following intervention were significantly reduced in the intervention group in comparison with controls (P<0.05) (22.64±7.89 versus 17.15± 8.2). There was significant relationship between intervention and control groups in three areas of stress, anxiety and depression (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Narrative writing reduces the severity of stress in attendants’ patients in ICUs.