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This study has been performed on show the incidence of sensory neural hearing loss (SNHL) in patients with chronic Otitis Media (COM) and it’s different parameters. 207 patients with persistent or previous otorrhea have been examined. 70 patients had bilateral otorrhea and 137 patients had unilateral problem so overall 277 ears are evaluated. The BC greater than 15 dB without carhartnotch was the basis for diagnosis of SNHL. 66 patients had SNHL and of them 26 cases were bilateral so total number of ears with SNHL were 92 (The incidence of SNHL was 32.2%). 3 cases were due to other causes like TB (1 case) RM fistula (1 case) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of middle ear (1 case). About 90.3% of cases had down slooping high frequency SNHL in their audiogram. In 47.6% of the ears with granulation tissue and cholesteatoma had SNHL while 28.7% of cases with chronic perforation revealed SNHL. Analysis of this study showed that there is a probability of increased SNHL during old ages the cases of prolonged and persisted otorrhea also revealed a higher incidence of SNHL. We didn’t disclose correlation between age and severity of SNHL.

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Perichondritis and chondritis are rare disease of auricle than may be due to burns surgery or trauma and can present with severe pain erythema and edema. Herpes Zoster, that is due to reactivation of virus in nerve root that present with vesicular group in erythematous fild cranial or spinal nerve innervated zone can present with sever pain and some factors include stress-chemotherapy and really surgery can facilate activation of them. We report a case with perichondritis-chondritis and herpes zoster that had reaction to chromic material after tympanomastoidectomy and with medical treatment and debridement with some sequela healed. The importance of this case is multipathological that can mislead the clinication.

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Cutaneous metastasis from carcinoma of the larynx are very rare. We observed a 75-year-old male patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx who developed a subcutaneous nodule as an abscess presentation in the buttock. It was found to be a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the laryngeal cancer, histopathologically. The skin manifestations proceeded laryngeal metastases by 18 months after laryngectomy and radical neck dissection. After 3 months, the patient died. Cutaneous metastasis of laryngeal carcinoma should be considered in all patients with previous laryngeal carcinoma representing with cutaneous lesion.

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Background & Objective: Swimming pools are the most important sports field. The swimming effect on body and mental human health. The health, and disinfection of pools help to protect swimmers otherwise it can transfer agent of disease such as conjunctivitis-dermatit-athletes feet and parasitic in swimmers. The main purpose of this study is to survey the quality of health indicators in swimming pools and matching them with present standard in the Gorgan. Materials & Methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. It has performed on all of the swimming pool in summer season in Gorgan. In this study, general characteristics had determined by interview method and the parameters such as pH, turbidity, residual chlorine, Coliform bacteria, E.coli, Streptococcus Fecalis and Pseudomonas Aerogenosa determined in the laboratory. The sampling of water was performed every 10 days at 14-16 PM. The residual chlorine and pH determined in the field and the other parameters determined in the laboratory. Results: This research showed that pH>8 in 66.6% of samples and the amount of Coliform, E.coli and Streptococcus Fecalis were not at upper limit of standard, but the Pseudomonas Aerogenosa is more than limit of standard in 58.3% of samples. The residual chlorine was more limit of standard in 61.1% of samples and the amount of residual chlorine was according to limit of standard in Kiani and women’s pools. Conclusion: The lack of chlorinator system-inadequate of water treatment system and lack of knowledge pool’s incumbent cause that pH and residual chlorine were undesirable at most of the time. Additionally bacterial pollution confirms above subjects. So it is recommend that extensive research to be done on relationship between bacterial pollution and prevalence of disease in swimming pools.

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Background & Objective: There are a tramandous changes are happened after a person entered to the university. This period considered to be a very deligate part of student life. During this phase usually there are anxiety and combination of other problems, which could affect health status of the person. The mental health considered a high ranking items among the different groups in one society, especially more when we are talking about the medical sciences students, because these students are goings to look after other people health in the community, the health status of medical and paramedical students should be seriously taken into consideration. On the basis of these facts, this research has been set-up to investigate the mental health status of trainee medical and paramedical students of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Materials & Methods: This research project was an descriptive analytical study on all of the medical and paramedical trainee students in 2nd term of the academic year 1999-2000 of Mazandaran University. The basis for this research’s was the questionnaires which contained the personal demographic and also GHQ tests. Results: The GHQ test was set up on physical disability, sleep disorder, anxiety and unsociable. In 2 groups of students and there was no differences between the 2 groups, in dimension of depression the prevalence among the medical students was more than para-medical student, that this difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: In regard to the results of this research and the steady increase of mental problems numbers of suspected cases among the students, in addition to the attention of health authorities. The establishment of student’s advisory unit is required.

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Background & Objective: Major ?-Thalassemia is the most common form of anemia, which has a relatively high prevalency especially in the northern part of the country one of this disease side effect the hearing abnormality. This study has been carried out in Gorgan for the determination of the hearing level of ?-Thalassemic patients, and its relation with the level of serum Ferritin, the rate and the duration of blood transussion and dyspheral. Materials & Methods: In this study 95 patients with major ?-Thalassemia have been studied for the rate of hearing level. The variation parameter include age, gender, Ferritin level, the rate and duration of disferal consumption. Audiometry, tempanometry and physical examination carried out on all the patients. The findings from this research gathered and were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software. Results: 95 patients (190 ears) with age 3-29 year of old were gone under this study and only 72 ears had the threshold over 15 decibel, from this 43.9% were from sensorineural type of hearing. The 80% of ears’s thempograms were type A. The results from this study showed that there is a meaningful statistical correlation between the hearing loss and serum Ferritin level. The rate of dyspheral consumption, in each time and its duration (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that high serum Ferritin level and the increased length of dyspheral consumption lead to the hearing loss in major ?-Thalassemia, therefore clinical examination of hearing interrally has to be carried out.

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Background & Objective: Peritonsillar space infection can be occurred either as cellulitis or abscess formation. Antibiotic therapy, needle aspiration insicion, drainage and finally tonsillectomy are among the types of treatment, which may be carried out in this disease. When tonsillectomy was not done, the recurrence of peritonsillar abscess may be observed. The present study was set up to find out the recurrence rate of peritonsillar abscess with the type of treatment the patient is received. Materials & Methods: This study was done on 52 patients with peritonsillar space infection, 45 cases of these patients were presented with peritonsillar space abscess. The primary procedure such as recording personal demographic and previous medical treatment on this patient was done. These patients were home visited by doing that, the rate of recurrence, re-hospitalization, the possible duration of recurrence and elective tonsillectomy were evaluated, these patients were also clinically examined. The gathered informations were analyzed by statistical software (SPSS). Results: From 45 peritonsillar space abscess, 8 cases (17.7%) were recognized as recurrence, from these numbers of patients 6 cases (13.3%) and 2 cases (4.4%) had once and twice recurrence respectively. The highest recurrence was seen among the patients with drug treatment. There was a meaningful correlation between the method of treatment and the rate of recurrence incidence (P<0.05). The highest rate of recurrence was among 20-29 years of age. The prevalence of peritonsillar space abscess in women and men were 28.9% and 71.1% respectively. Winter and spring were the seasons with highest incidence. The rate recurrence of this abnormality among men and women were 15.6% and 23% respectively. Conclusion: It is recommended the patient with peritonsillar space abscess to have tonsillectomy especially later in adulthood, because of high incidence of recurrence. In cases where that abnormality is controlled by drug treatment alone, the tonsillectomy should be taken into consideration.

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Background & Objective: In most cases, labor is accompanied with pain. Thus, decreasing labor pain is viewed as an important duty of midwives. In this regard, decreasing the duration of labor can be of value. Customarily midwives use drugs to shorten the duration of labor, but the effectiveness of some of the drugs has not been studied systematically. Among such widely used drugs are Atropine, Hyoscine and Promethazine. Materials & Methods: In this interventional research, the effects of these drugs on labor duration were studied. 160 multiparous women in active phase of labor were selected. 120 of the above women had been administered only one of the above-mentioned drugs and no drug had been administered to the remaining 40. According to the type of drug administered, the women formed three groups, with the women with no drugs administered making the 4th groups. Results: The 4 groups did not have any statistically significant difference with regard to variables such as age, occupation, education, infant sex, gestational age, infant birth weight, parity, fetal head position, and cervical dilatation at the beginning of our observation. The main result was that, the mean rate of cervical effacement (P<0.05) and descent of fetal head was not significantly different in the 4 groups. But the mean rate of cervical dilatation (P<0.05) was significantly different in the 4 groups. In women who had been given these drugs, the mean rate of cervical dilatation was lower than the women who had not been given any drugs. The mean duration of the first stage of labor was significantly different in 4 groups (P<0.05). With regard to the mean duration of the first stage of labor, it was also longer in women who had been given these drugs. The mean rate of 2nd stage of labor and 3rd stage of labor was not significantly different in the 4 groups. Conclusion: The use of these drugs can reduce the rate of labor progress and increase the risk of complications, it may also be a waste of prescribed drugs.

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Background & Objective: Migraine is a periodic headache, usually unilateral and mostly pulsating. This disease is seen in about 10% of general population. So far, no applicable and accurate diagnostic test has been introduced and the diagnosis has been made almost clinically and after other etiologies being ruled out. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic role of visual evoked potential (VEP) in patients with migraine. Materials & Methods: Forty patients with migraine were enrolled in a prospective, case-control study during the years 2004-2005 in Tabriz Imam Khomeini hospital and underwent the VEP study along with 40 healthy volunteers (as the control group). The mean latency of waves N75, P100, N140 and amplitude of wave P100 were measured and compared between two groups. The frequency of increased mentioned waves was compared as well. Results: The mean latency of wave N140 and the number of its increased values and amplitude of P100 were all significantly higher in patients group (P<0.05). The mean latency of P100 was significantly higher in patients with classic migraine (P=0.05). Conclusion: In spite of the fact that there are some significant differences in the VEP results between the patients and the healthy cases, none (except of the patients with classic migraine) are considered as specific changes for migraine. However, for more definite results, further studies are recommended.

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Background&Objective: Status epilepticus (SE) is an emergency situation for the neurologist as for the critical care physician, because it is caused by a focal or by a generalized sever brain suffering. The aim of this study is determine of the etiology of SE, the causes of mortality and the efficancy of side- effect on the mortality of SE. Materials&Methods: In this retrospective and prospective study that was done in ICU department of Tabriz Imam Khomeini hospital (1990-04). 50 cases of mortality from 176 cases of SE were present. Informations were obtained by finding documented. Results: Acute mortality associated with SE in this study was 35.2%.Mortality rate in patient older than 60 years, in females, in Tonic- Clonic and in >1h SE was highest. Lead was the most important causes of SE and it's mortality (26/4%). Aspirative pneumonia was the most important complication of SE (48%). 28% of patients had previous epilepsy and 4% had pervious status epilepticus. The most common complication that effect on short term mortality was long infections. Conclusion: The mortality rate in this study is more than other studies that is in result of delay reference to therapeutic centers or insufficient acquaintance of personnel with correct management of SE. low antiepileptic drug level or give up their usage is the most common causes of mortality that is in result of high prevalence of them in SE's incidence.

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Background&Objective: Dyspnoea and fatigue caused considerable impairment in the functional performance and quality of life in HF patients. The purpose of this study were to determine efficacy of home walking exercise program on functional performance and quality of life in patients with heart failure. Materials&Methods: This study was qusiexperimental trial that assessed efficacy of home-based exercise program on the functional performance and quality of life in patients with HF in the Ahvaz city (2005). In this study 60 patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II and III heart failure divided two groups training (n=30) and control (n=30). Material or measurements was demographic characteristics form, Minnesota quality of life check list and timed exercise program form. Exercise training in the patients would be performed tree day per week for 8 weeks. Determination quality of life measures by Minnesota check list would be performed in both the training and control groups at entry and after 8 weeks. Also 6 minute walking tests for determination functional performance would be performed in both groups at entry and after 8 weeks. Ultimately data analysis by SPSS softward. Results: results showed that significant difference existed between mean walking distance on the 6MWT at entry and after 8 weeks in the training group (373.86 to 412.30 m, P<0.05), that no significance was seen between control group (376.79 to 377.63 m). Also significant difference exists between mean quality of life scores at entry and after 8 weeks in the training group (52.32 to 43.80), that no significance was seen between control group (52.43 to 52.50). Conclusion: This study showed that home-based exercise program affected on functional performance and quality of life in HF patients. Its accepted. Therefore exercise training can be used as a therapeutic approach in these patients, because not only promotes quality of life but also improve the functional performance.

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Background&Objective: Pain, in particular post-operative pains, can produce numerous complications including a delay in healing of wounds in patients. For pain relief in patients postoperatively, different drugs are used, opioids like pethidine and NSAIDs. This study was carried out to compare the effects of the IM pethidine and suppository Diclofenac for pain relief after laminectomy following lumbar disc hernia.
Materials&Methods: this is a randomized control clinical trial study, 100 patients presenting for laminectomy with diagnosis of lumbar disc hernia and eligible for participation in the study, after recieving their informed consent for inclusion in the study non probability convenience sampling were selected by a convenience sampling method and then divided into two groups of Pethidine (P) and Diclofenac (D). Patients’ pain scores were measured by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Finally, the data obtained were analyzed by statistical software of SPSS.10, F test, T test and ?² P<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Mean pain scores within 24 hours after operation were calculated in group P as 2.8±2.02 and in group D as 4.46±2.30. There was a statistically significant difference between the reduction of the pain score after surgery in both groups (p<0.05). Nausea was the greatest side effect observed in group P (23%) and epigastric pain was the most common pain found in group D (18%). However, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of the drug adverse effects.
Conclusion: A statistically significant difference was observed between pethidine ampule and Diclofenac suppository regarding the pain reduction after laminectomy. In the other words, Diclofenac suppository has less impact on pain killing in comparision with Pethidine ampule. In other to confirm these results, it is suggested that another study in terms of age and sex and after orthopedical procedures in a large scale-and if possible double blind- to be carried out.

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Background&Objective: The ways of prevention of wound infections are too much, and some references mentioned that one of those ways is dressing. Dressing can cause a sort of spiritual transquility for patients, too. In the other side, doing it causes some kinds of limitations such as preventing of taking a bath or spending expenses. So, we decided to consider the influence of continuation of dressing, on the rate of wound infection, after first 48 hours post operation.
Materials&Methods: In this research, we studied on 150 patients who were under the same surgeries, So that in the half of them, after 48 hours dressing were removed, and in the half remaining, dressing were changed daily for one week. In both groups, in the third, seventh and thirtieth day after surgery were inspected and examined by surgeon, in the case for having or absence of symptoms and signs of infection. In subgrouping patients we considered some factors include age, sex, type of operation and predisposing diseases. The 30 th day post operation was the end of our study and information analyzed in the computer with SPSS software.
Results: The average age in the group of without dressing was 35.12±20.19 and in the group with full dressing was 37.61±18.78 years. There were 74 men and 76 women. There was Just one wound infection in our study, who had dressing for one week. The case was woman without serious disease, and a half day before surgery was admitted in the hospital. In the group without dressing, we did not have any wound infection. 5.3% were nervous in the no dressing group and the 17.3% of patients with dressing were anxious of having their bath with delay.
Conclusion: According to the no impression of dressing on the rate of wound infection in the clean surgeries after first two days and also lack of considerable anxiety in the non dressing group, we recommend picking up the clean wounds dressing after 48 hours and make patients feel guaranteed.

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Background & Objective: Surgery and /or radiotherapy are major local treatments for esophageal carcinoma. The results of radiotherapy alone have been unsatisfactory. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcome of definitive chemoradiotherapy for patients with esophageal SCC.

 

Materials & Methods: This prospective histological descriptive study was done on 190 nonmetastatic esophageal SCC patients which received definitive chemoradiotherapy (55-64 Gy, Cisplatin 80-100 mg/m2 day 1-5FU 750-1000 mg/m2, 24h infusion days 1-4) with curative intent in cancer research center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences between Jan 2000-Jan 2004. At least one course of chemotherapy was prescribed concurrently with radiotherapy.

 

Results: There were 99 male and 91female patients with the median age of 65 (range, 25-87). The median radiation dose prescribed was 60 Gy (range, 55-64) and median chemotherapy courses was 4 (range, 1-8). With a median follow-up time of 12 months (range, 3-60), one, two and three-year survival rates were 67.8%, 48.7% and 36.3% respectively and median survival was 22 months. Reduction of symptoms was shown in 84% of patients with dysphagia. 109 patients remained disease free with a median follow-up of 14 months (range, 3-60), among which 34 were followed more than 24 months. We found 81 cases (42.6%) with treatment failure during the follow-up (34 locoregional failure, 14 distant metastases, 33 distant metastases accompanied with locoreginal failure).

 

Conclusion: Although definitive chemoradiotherapy can result in long term disease free survival and even cure in a subset of patients with SCC of esophagus, locoregional failure and distant metastasis has remained the main causes of treatment failure.

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Background and Objective: Noninvasive methods have been proposed as surrogate markers for liver biopsy in recent years. It was shown that serum laminin level increases with the development for liver fibrosis The aim of this work was to determine serum laminin level cutoff point for predicting liver fibrosis, highlighting its diagnostic value and determining the effect of treatment on its level. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study during 2008-09, serum laminin levels in chronic hepatitis patients (n=62) and controls (n=20) before the beginning of the treatment and three times in a 2 month's interval i.e. 2.4 and 6 months after the beginning of the treatment- were compared by ELISA and stages of fibrosis were assessed according to the liver biopsy. Results: Mean serum laminin concentration in patients (91.9±20.9 ng/ml) was greater than the control (46.2±10.2 ng/ml, P<0.05). Serum levels of laminin in all stages of hepatic fibrosis were significantly higher than those of the healthy controls (P<0.05). A cutoff point of 52.0 ng/ml of laminin serum was obtained for the discrimination of patients with liver fibrosis than the healthy control showed a good sensitivity (96.8%) and specificity (80%). After 6 months of treatment, a gradual decrease in serum laminin level was observed, however the level was still higher than that of the healthy group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that serum laminin level is a useful non-invasive marker of liver fibrosis due to strong positive correlation between serum laminin level and the degree of liver fibrosis.

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Background and Objective: Lower ureter is the most common site of stone traped causing renal colic and hydroureteronephrosis. If medical therapy is not effective , the treatment consist of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), transurethral lithotripsy (TUL) or on rare cases, open surgery. This study was done to compare the ESWL with TUL in sixty patients with lower ureteral stones which did not responed to thraputic regiment. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was done on sixty patients with obstructive lower ureteral stones for more than 3 weeks, that have not been responded to the thraputic regiment in Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad, Iran during 2004-06. According to treatment indications sixty patients divided in two equal ESWL and TUL groups. Success of procedure were evaluated by ultrasonography and KUB radiography. The success rate of two different technique and the side effects in each patients was recorded. Results: In ESWL group in 14 patients (46.66%) the stone was broken and its particles were removed but in 13 patients (43.33%) the stone was not broken and they became candidates for TUL. In 3 patients (10%) the stone was broken but the particles did not pass. The only complication of ESWL was renal colic which was in 15 patients (50%) and cured by medical treatment. In TUL group, in 93.5% of patients, the stone was broken and particles were removed, but in 6.5% the procedure was not successful and the patients underwented ESWL or open surgery. 10% of patients experienced fever and colic pain, who underwented medical treatment. Conclusion: This study showed that TUL technique has higher successful rate than ESWL technique in lower uretaral stones.

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Background and Objective: There are some factors including socio-demographic, maternal and nutritional variables reported to influence the growth of children in the first two years of life. The aim of this study was to determine some factors related to undesirable growth of 6 months–2years old children in Tabriz-Iran. Materials and Methods: In this case - control study 233 children with undesirable growth as cases, and 412 children with desirable growth as controls selected in five primary health care centers in Tabriz city in North-West of Iran during 2007. A questionnaire which included some questions regarding demographic characteristics, fertility history, and nutritional status was filled by using face -to - face interview with selected children’s mother. The influence of different factors on undesirable growth was evaluated with a logistic regression model by using SPSS-14 and EPI-2000 software. Results: Having any disease during two monitoring (OR=4.23, 95% CI: 2.95-6.07, P<0.001), type of pregnancy (unwanted) (OR=1.87, 95% CI: 1.20-2.93, P<0.006), gender (girl) (OR=1.51, 95%CI: 1.05-2.17, P<0.025), low birth weight (OR=1.0, 95% CI: 0.99-1.01, P<0.097) and having conflict in the family (OR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.01-1.47, P<0.045) associated with undesirable growth. Conclusion: This study determined having any disease, type of pregnancy, sex of child and low birth weight related with undesirable growth of 6 months –2years old children. Using safe family planning methods and help to reduce unwanted pregnancy, parental training about the nutritional requirements of children particularly during period of disease, is recommended in order to enhance the health of children.

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Background and Objective: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent (6-10%) endocrine glands disorders among child - bearing women. In addition to the patients, their first degree relatives are exposed to some risk factors such as abnormal lipoproteins. Due to high prevalence PCOS among women and the role of genetic factors in this abnormality, it is necessary to recognize high risk people particularly among first degree relative. Therefore this study was conducted to determine the level of serum lipoproteins in first degree relatives of patients with PCOS. Materials and Methods: This case control study was done on 107 individuals of the first degree relatives of PCOS patients as cases and 107 normal individuals of the first degree of non-PCOS as controls in Shiraz, Iran during 2009. Participants completed a test assessing demographics and blood sample were taken from all participants in order to assay serum lipoproteins including total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglyceride. Data was analyzed by means of independent t-test and Fisher's exact test as well as Chi-Square. Results: The means±SD of total cholesterol, HDLc and triglyceride in cases was 191±31.64, 167±4.06 and 191±31.64 mg/dl, respectively. The means±SD of total cholesterol, LDLc and triglyceride in controls was 158.25±18.25, 123±21.33 and 120.42±17.11 mg/dl, respectively. Serum level differences of LDL and triglyceride in cases and controls were significant (P<0.05). The means±SD of HDLc in cases and controls was 40.06±6.95 and 45.9±6.7 mg/dl, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that the serum level of lipoproteins in the first degree relatives of PCOS patients is significant higher than non-PCOS.

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Background and Objective: The Problems caused by diabetes have direct and indirect impacts on quality of life of diabetic patients. By increasing of these problems quality of life of patients will decrease. This study was done to assess the effect of the educational program based on PRECEED (predisposing reinforcing enabeling causes educational diagnosis evaluation) model in promoting quality of life of patients with typeII diabetes.

Materials and Methods: This pre- and post-intervention quasi-experimental study was conducted on 78 patients with type 2 diabetes referred to diabetes clinic in Minoodasht located in Golestan province of Northern Iran. The educational program based on PRCEDE Model and patients educational needs was designed. The data were collected using two questionnaires. life-quality WHOQOL- BREF questionnaire and PRCEDE Model-based educational questionnaire. The subjects were followed for one month after intervention to identify the role of educational intervention on patients. The data was analyzed by using SPSS-16 and Paired t-test.

Results: After the intervention, the mean score of quality of life increased from 80.39±11.35 to 81.35±8.31. No significant difference was existed in the total score of quality of life after intervention but there were significant differences in the physical health (P<0.05), self-evaluation of quality of life of patients (P<0.01) and self-assessment of health of patients after educational intervention.

Conclusion: This study showed that the educational program based on PRECEDE model was effective in improving quality of life of patients with regard to physical health and self-assessment of their health status.

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Background and Objective: There are some reports about probable association between acute leukemia and special blood groups. Frequency of ABO and RH blood group is different in each population. This study was done to determine frequency of ABO and Rh blood groups in patient with acute leukemia and healthy population.

Materials and Methods: This case - control study was done on 214 patients (132 males, 82 females) that suffering from acute leukemia as case group and 117026 individuals healthy population who were voluntary blood donors as controls in Mashhad, Iran during 2001-07. Age, sex, ABO blood group and RH blood group were collected from hospital files for each cases. Furthermore the results of ABO and RH blood groups of controls were collected. Data were analyzed with Chi-Square, fisher test and Odd’s ratio.

Results: The frequency of A, B, AB, O and RH blood groups in cases were 23.8%, 32.8%, 7.0%, 36.4% and 90.7%, respectively. The frequency of A, B, AB, O and RH blood groups in controls were 29.8%, 27.4%, 8.9%, 33.9% and 88.3%, respectively. Odds Ratio test didn’t show association of ABO and RH blood groups with acute leukemia. Odds Ratio test showed association of B blood group with acute leukemia in females (OR=0.571, 95%CI: 0.358-.0908, P=0.021).

Conclusion: This study showed although there was not any association between ABO and RH blood groups and acute leukemia but probably females with B blood group are more susciptible toward acute lymphoblastic leukemia.