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The cancer of breast is the most common malignancy among women and after cancer of the lung is the second cause of death in females. Thus, early diagnosis and treatment can have a effect significant in prognosis and clinical course of disease. One of the numerous controversial tissues to the clinical management of breast cancers is the role of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) to assess the accuracy and determine the role of FNA in breast cancer diagnosis, we performed both FNA and excisional biopsy in 86 unselected patients with palpable breast masses and correlated the cytologic and histopathologic findings. In our study, FNA had no false-negative and no false-positive results, and the sensitivity of diagnosis of malignant tumors was 88.8%, the specificity of diagnosis of benign lesions was 96.2% and the predictive values were 100%, respectively. On the basis of above study, breast FNA may add a measure of confidence in the diagnosis of benign lesions, provides a safeguard for preventing misdiagnosis of malignant lesion, and might expedite and reduce the cost of managing breast cancer. Also, breast FNA like any diagnostic method depends to individual techniques and continual practice.

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A variety of extracranial sites have been described for Meningiomas including the nose, various viscera, skin, eye and extraspinal tissue. Among them cutaneous Meningioma generally occur most frequently on the scalp, forehead or paravertebral areas. We are reporting in this article one case of cutaneous Meningioma in the forehead region with respect by reviewing the literatures is very rare tumor. Our patient is a middle age woman with right forehead mass from two years ago, in the skull X-ray and computerized tomography of our case intracranial lesion is not seen and also there is some thickening involving frontal bone. After the surgical excision of the mass and in the microscopic examination of specimens, histopathologic diagnosis is Meningioma (Meningotheliomatous type) and immunohistochemical study react for epithelial membrane antigen. In the clinical course, extracranial Meningiomas enlarge slowly and are usually cured by simple excision alone but incomplete excision may lead to recurrence, the things have been occurred in our patient.

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Background&Objective: Consultation prior to blood donation and screening tests of common blood born diseases such as Hepatitis B,C and AIDS are very important issue in blood quality assurance, therefore we decided to compare frequency of such diseases in blood donors and outpatients admitted in the blood transfusion centers. Materials&Methods: For this purpose the initial tests including HBsAg, HCVAb, and HIVAb were performed on all blood donors and outpatients' blood samples in Gorgan transfusion center by ELIZA methods during 2003 and confirmatory tests including neutralization for HBsAg, RIBA for HCVAb and Western blot for HIVAb performed in condition where ELIZA report was positive. Results: The blood donor in this study had the following positive results: HbsAg 2.5%, HCVAb 3%, HIV 0.35%. The same indeces for the out patients were positive as follow: 13%, 8.3% and 2.04% respectively. The other finding from this investigation indicate that the blood donors positive cases with the ELISA technique were confirmed by Western blot 92%, 20.1% nad 0% for HBSAg, HCVAb, as HIV respectively. The confimatory results of the positive out patient's cases were as follow, 97%, 47% and 60% for HBSAg, HCVAb and HIV respectivley. Conclusion: This study reveals frequency of Hepatitis B and C and AIDS among outpatients which considered being high risk group are more than the blood donors. We conclude that the measurement of HBSAg by ELIAZ methodes in comparision to the HCV and HIV are more accurate.

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Background&Objective: The presence of single or multiple nodules within the thyroid gland is a common clinical problem. It is immposible to differentiate benign and malignant follicular neoplasms in cytologic examinations.Estimation of risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules who are cytologically assumped to be follicular neoplasm has a critical importance.The aim of this research is evaluation of diagnostic value of thyroid FNA in follicular neoplasm. Materials&Methods: This survey was done on 476 patients with thyroid nodule whome were biopsied in a 7 years period (in 5th Azar hospital, Gorgan). Standard aspirations and biopsies techniques performed and nessassary smears prepared. Wet-fixed smear glass slides are placed immediately in alcohol (70%) 7-10 slides from the aspiration. The patients with cytologic report whome considered follicular neoplasm followed total thyroidectomy or lobectomy. Results: From 476 patients for thyroid nodules 412 cases(86.5%) are suitable for cytologic evaluation which 312 cases(77.9%) of them were benign and 14 cases(3.3%) were malignant.The rest(77 cases)reported to have follicular neoplsm, this patients also undergone thyroid surgery.The result of histological findings appeared in 32 cases(57.1%) follicular adenoma,15 cases(26.7%) non-neoplastic nodules,5 cases(8.9%) follicular carcinoma and 4 cases(7.1%)follicular type of papillary carcinoma. Conclusion: 9 cases (16%) found malignant among cases which cytologic reports considered as “follicular neoplasms” and subsequently undergone thyroid surgery (consist of follicular carcinoma and follicular type of papillary carcinoma), confirme the importance of histopathologic study of follicular lesions for differentiation between malignant and benign lesions.

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Background & Objective: Preterm infants have less iron storage compared with the term one. Due to rapid growth they need more iron during infancy. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of early iron supplementation on hematologic indices and incidence of iron deficiency anemia in preterm infants. Materials & Methods: This experimental study was done on 20-days-old preterm breast-feed infants referred to the Gorgan-North of Iran primary health care services for vaccination, without any underline disease or growth retardation during 2005. They were divided to two groups (n=15 in each) and a questionnaire was completed for each case. Iron drop (2mg/kg) was given in the interventional group. Iron deficiency anemia was assesed in all sample T-student test and chi-square were used to analyze the independent variables and comparing the hematologic indices, after entering in SPSS-13 software and testing the normal distribution with komologrof-smearnoff test. Relative risk index (RR) was used to compare the two groups. Results: The relative risk of iron deficiency anemia in the interventional group was 0.4 folds [RR=0.4,CI %95 for RR=(0.091,1.749)]. No significant difference was seen between the two groups. Conclusion: The finding of this study showed that iron drop supplementation for preterm infant prevent the iron defeciency anemia, although this observation was not significant.

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Background and Objective: Helicobacter pylori are one of the most common gastrointestinal bacterium infections. This study was done to compare the urease test with Giemsa staining to detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with gastric ulcer and gastritis.

Methods: This descriptive – analytic study was conducted on 601 patients' diagnosed with gastric ulcer and gastritis, whom under went endoscopy in 5th Azar hospital, Gorgan, Iran during 2008-12. Rapid urease test was immediately taken during endoscopy. Pathological examination, Giemsa staining on paraffin blocks and haematoxylin and eosin stain were done to assess either presence or absence of Helicobacter pylori.

Results: Based on biopsy results, Gastritis and gastric ulcer were diagnosed in 80.69% and 19.3%, respectively. In gastritis and gastric ulcer patients, there was a significant differences between urease test (91.5% and 90%, respectively) in comparison with Giemsa staining (91.5% and 90%, respectively) (P<0.05).

Conclusion: The study revealed that in primary diagnosis and screening of role of Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastric ulcer and gastritis, urease test is suitable than giemsa staining.