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Background & Objective: Giardiasis is one of the most prevalent human intestinal parasites, especially among children aged between 2 to 12 years old. In this study, the effects of Giardiasis on serological levels of Zinc and Iron elements were determined. Materials & Methods: A total of 100 children aged under 12 years who were admitted to the pediatric departments of hospitals affiliated to Mazandaran University with gastrointestinal complain, and diagnosed as having Giardiasis by stool examination (Direct and Formalin-ether technique and trichrome stain) in the parasitology department, were enrolled as the case group. The control group consisted of 100 age-matched healthy children. A questionnaire including age, physical growth status and clinical symptoms were completed. Serological levels of Zinc and Iron were measured by atomic absorption spectophotometer in all samples in Shilat of Mazandaran. Results: In this study, serum Iron levels were 67±25 µg/dl and 77±23 µg/dl and Zinc levels were 64±20 µg/dl and 96±23 µg/dl in case and control group, respectively. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between the serological levels of these elements, which was much higher in serum Iron levels (P<0.05). Conclusion: These results revealed those serological levels of Zinc and Iron decreased during Giardiasis due to malabsorption.

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Background and Objective: Thrombophilia is characterized by increasing blood coagulability. It causes preeclampsia and repeated abortions. This study was done to determine the corrolation of coagulation factors deficiency with preeclampsia. Method: This case-control study was carried out on 142 pregnant women with preeclampsia as caess and 142 pregnant women without preeclampsia as controls. Coagulation factors including Prs, prc, and anti-thrombin-3 were measured using ELISA and chromogenic methods. Results: Prs deficiency was found in 2 (1.4%) and 6 (4.2%) of cases and controls, respectively. This difference was not significant. Prc and anti-thrombin- 3 deficiencies was not found in cases and controls. Conclusion: There is not any relation between deficiencies of coagulation factors with preeclampsia.

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Catalase is the one of the most important antioxidant enzymes that is found abundantly in liver and kidney. The alteration in activity and function this latter enzyme are widely investigated in various types of cancer to understand the cancer mechanism and its treatment. The changes in the catalase activity levels in a variety of cancer cells is as a specific property of tumor tissues due to the reducting catalase activity at mRNA level. In this review, various reports that examined the alterations in catalase activity and resistance to chemotherapy and its complications in the literature are summarized and discussed. Due to the important role of hydrogen peroxide in various stages of cancer process, catalase alters this process by detoxification of hydrogen peroxide. Chemotherapy increase free radicals to destroy the tumor cells, then, catalase activity reduced their impact on cancer cells. On the other hand, it might be concluded that production of drug resistance in chemotherapy is resulted due to increasing catalase activity. Therefor it seems catalase has contradictory influence on the treatment and development of cancer.

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Background and Objective: Obesity is a major healthy problem wordwide. The incidence and severity of obesity is incrased in recent years. Satiety is described as a blocker of receiving more food after the end of eating. Satiety index (SI) is considered as index for measerment of ablity of food for losing of hungry and making satiety for more than 2 houres. This study was done to determine satiety index of low-fat yogurt (1.5%) and white bread in healthy adults with normal body mass index.
Methods: This quasi - experimental study was conducted on 30 healthy adults with normal body mass index for two consecutive days. In the first day, each subject was consumed 90 grams white bread and in the second day, each subject was consumed 526 grams of 1.5% low-fat yogurt within 15 minutes. The satiety of low-fat yogurt and white bread based on VAS and LIKERT scales was measeared. Cronbach's alpha was determined 0.98 for satiety of white bread and 0.947 for low-fat yogurt
Results: Satiety index of low-fat yogurt was 136.66±1.46 in compared to white bread (SI=100). The level of satiety after 120 minutes of consumption of white bread and low-fat yogurt were not significant based on the VAS scale, but according to the LIKERT scale, low-fat yogurt (1.60±0.43) significantly increased the Satiety index (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The satiety index of low-fat yogurt in adults with normal body weight was 136.66% compared to white bread that showed higher satiety of low-fat yogurt compared to white bread.

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Background and Objective: Cryptosporidium is one of protozoan parasites. Cryptosporidium is important in human public health. This parasite has many species, some of which are common in animal and human hosts. One of the animal hosts of this parasite is pet bird. This parasite causes digestive and respiratory problems in pet birds. This study was performed for molecular identification of Cryptosporidium as a zoonotic pathogen of pet birds.
Methods: In this descriptive laboratory study, fecal samples of 114 cages (50 Passeriformes and 64 Psittaciforms) from all over Isfahan city in Iran were collected by collecting history and after extracting the genome; the Cryptosporidium was detected by specific primers, based on ssrRNA gene.
Results: In 16.66% of the canaries with gastrointestinal symptoms and 4.54% of apparently healthy canaries the ssrRNA gene of Cryptosporidium was detected. In addition, the gene was detected in 10% of cockatiel and 4.16% of budgerigars and in other species of Psittaciforms was not detected.
Conclusion: Pet birds in Isfahan can be considered as a source of Cryptosporidium infection.

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Background and Objective: Exercise training and Zataria multiflora have a positive effect on health and can modulate cardiovascular risk factors. Adipose tissue-derived factors such as ANGPTL8 and adhesive molecules play an important role in exerting the pathological effects of obesity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of resistance-endurance exercise training combined with Zataria multiflora ingestion on the levels of ANGPTL8, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in sedentary overweight and obese men.
Methods: In this clinical trial study, 40 sedentary overweight and obese men (with an average body mass index of 28.41±1.75 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to four groups with 10 subjects each. The groups included placebo, Zataria multiflora, training, and training + Zataria multiflora. The exercise training was combined training consisting of resistance-endurance exercise, conducted three times per week over eight weeks. Zataria multiflora supplement consumption was set at 500 mg daily. Blood sampling was conducted before and after the eight-week intervention, and the levels of ANGPTL8, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 were measured using the ELISA method.
Results: A significant decrease in serum levels of ANGPTL8 was observed in the training and training + Zataria multiflora groups compared to the placebo and Zataria multiflora groups (P<0.05). A decrease in serum ICAM-1 levels was significant in the training + Zataria multiflora group compared to the placebo group (P<0.05). Statistically significant decreases in serum VCAM-1 levels were observed in the training and training + Zataria multiflora groups compared to the placebo and training + Zataria multiflora groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Zataria multiflora consumption, along with combined training, can have a synergistic effect in decreasing ANGPTL8, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 levels.