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Background & Objective: Trauma is the second most common cause of death regardless of age in Iran and the health system annually defrays a vast cost for trauma patients. The majority of cases comprise abdominal trauma. This study was performed to determine individual and pathologic characteristics of patients with blunt abdominal trauma in Gorgan – Iran. Materials & Methods: This descriptive and retrospective study was done on 239 patients with blunt abdominal trauma in 5 Azar hospital, Gorgan - Iran from March 2001 to March 2005. Results: 197 (82.4%) of cases were male and 42 (17.6%) were female. The mean age of patients was 23.4 years. The mean of hospital stay was 8.8 days. The most common cause of blunt abdominal trauma was traffic injury. The most common damaged organs were spleen (49.4%) and liver (21.3%) respectivly. Mortality rate was 16.3%. The hypovolumic shock was the major cause of mortality. Conclusion: This study showed that epidemiology of trauma is similar to those in other regions of our country. Therefore, programming and attempts of governmental organizations are needed to prevent and decrease traffic accidents.

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Background and Objective: The exposures related to the department of radiology can be considered as harmful agent for human. This study was done to assess the partial distribution of the equivalent dose in radiology waiting room in Ardabil, Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive analytical study was done in the radiology department and related waiting rooms of 4 teaching hospital and 3 private radiology sonography centers in Ardabil, Northwest of Iran, during 2011. The variables including type of radiography, the number and condition, staying duration in waiting room were considered for dosimetry. Data were analyzed using SPSS-18 and Chi-Square test. Results: The lowest radiation dose belong to one specialist radiology sonography center with 0.2±0.002 µS.h^-1V, but for each radiography were determined to be 0.00275±0.004 µS.h^-1V. The highest radiation dose belong to one specialist radiography sonography center with 0.4±0.045 µS.h^-1V and for each radiography was 0.016±0.0006 µS.h^-1V. Two teaching hospitals accompanied with three privates centers showed to have radiation dose-rate higher than 0.3 µS.h^-1V (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that the increasing radiation-dose rate (higher than 0.3 µS.h^-1V) in teaching hospitals and private centers can be related to either the unit life or inadepuate of radiological protective shield.

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Background and Objective: Lead as an environmental pollutant can damage the immune system. This study was done to determine the effect of moderate-intensity exercise and Curcumin supplement on serum level of immunoglobulin A in rats exposed to lead acetate. Methods: In this experimental study, 46 male rats were allocated into six groups including Control (C), vehicle (V), lead (L), lead and exercise (LE), lead and curcumin (LC), Lead+exercise+curcumin (LEC). Animals in training groups ran on treadmill for 8 weeks (25- 64 minutes per daily, 15-22 meter/minute and 0% grade). Animals in Lead, LE, LC and LEC groups were received lead acetate (20 mg/kg/bw) and vehicle animals were received ethyl oleat (30 mg/kg/bw) Intraperitoneally for 3 days per week for 8 weeks. Rats in curcumin and LEC groups were received Curcumin (30mg/kg/bw), for 3 day per week for 8 weeks. IgA level were measured by single radial immuno diffusion method. Results: Lead acetate significantly increased MDA levels at P<0.05 in animals. IgA level was 0.2, 0.41 and 0.47 mg/dL in Lead, LE and LEC groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: The simultaneous use of endurance exercise training and curcumin due to increased IgA activity has beneficial effects against lead poisoning.

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Background and Objective: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic and global health threats. The gene needed for the development of the TBX20 gene is the fusion of the gene, and the defect in the sequence and expression of this gene also causes heart defects. Due to significant prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in human population, this study was done to evaluate the effect of TBX20-induced gestational diabetes mellitus in the heart of the mice embryo at 11.5 days.
Methods: This experimental study was done on induced diabetic C57BL/6 female mice. Gestational diabetes induced by interaperitoneal injection of sterptozotocin at GD1. On the day of pregnancy 11.5, embryonic heart samples from these mice were isolated. After extraction of RNA, cDNA synthesis of RNA was performed. The Real Time-PCR technique was used to determine the expression of TBX20 gene. Expression level   of TBX20 gene in experimental and control was calculated using the 2^–∆∆CT method.
Results: Expression of TBX20 gene in diabetic specimens was twice as high as the control samples, which was statistically significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion: It seems, increasing TBX20 gene expression in embryonic heart tissue may be one of the complications of gestational diabetes mellitus and can lead to abnormalities in the heart embryo.