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The Effect of Health Belief Model-Based Education on Calcium Intake of Female Students: an Osteoporosis Prevention Program
Dr Mohtasham Ghaffari, Sedegheh Niazi,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (5-2014)
Abstract
Background and Objective: The intake of calcium plays an important role in the osteoporosis prevention. We aimed to evaluate the effect of health belief model-based education on improving the calcium intake among female students of middle schools in Kalaleh, Iran. 
Material and Methods: This pre-experimental study was conducted on 140 middle school students selected via multistage random sampling and divided into two equal groups of case and control. The data was collected through a standardized questionnaire based on Health Belief Model (HBM) for osteoporosis and a food frequency questionnaire, and analyzed by software SPSS 16, using independent t-test and Mann-Whitney and Paired t-test. 
Results: The two groups matched with family size and demographic characteristics were not significantly different. Before the intervention, the scores of the knowledge and the HBM constructs in two groups were not different significantly, but after the intervention the increase was significant. (p<0.001). The mean performance score, two months after the training, had a significant increase (p <0.001).
Conclusion: The Design and implementation of a HBM-based-training program can be helpful in improving the knowledge, attitude and practice of students in the field of osteoporosis preventive behaviors.

Investigating Preventive Behaviors of Osteoporosis Using the Health Belief Model in Female Health volunteers in the Health Care Centers in Rasht
Nasrin Mokhtari Lakeh, Layla Zarat Dakheliparast , Layla Mirhadian , Ehsan Kazeminezhad Leili, Marjan Mahdavi -Roshan ,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (1-2019)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Osteoporosis is a worldwide public health problem with an increasing prevalence especially in women. This study was conducted to predict the preventive behavior of osteoporosis through applying Health Belief Model in Health Volunteers of community health centers of Rasht city in 2016.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was done on all 217 female active Health Volunteers in community health centers in Rasht city in 2016 by survey method. The data collection tools were demographic data sheet, standard questionnaire on osteoporosis based on health belief model, food frequency questionnaire to evaluate milk and dairy group intake and short form of international physical activity questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS21.  Descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Spearman's correlation coefficient, analysis of multiple logistics regression and linear regression) were used.
Results: Average age of Health Volunteers was 42.13 ± 9.24 and their average physical activity was 1033.44 ± 1272 min/wk. – MET (Metabolic Equivalent of Task) and average milk and dairy group intake was 1.69 ± 0.96 unit per day. Multiple logistics regression showed that perceived susceptibility (p=0.012) and construct self-efficacy (p=0.031) were the predictors of physical activity performance (high and middle activity). Linear regression test also indicated that perceived barriers (P=0.006) and knowledge (p=0.027) served as predictors of milk and dairy group intake performance.
Conclusion: According to the present study findings, health belief model is a good predictor of preventive behaviors for osteoporosis in female Health Volunteers. Therefore implementing educational intervention based on this model with emphasis on knowledge and effective constructs of efficiency, susceptibility and barriers can help maintain and promote women’s health.
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